It is important to make it abundantly clear at this point that the crucial problem is the spiritual problem, and we here mean by spiritual that area which is the object of attention in
philosophy and theology as against that area in which the object of attention is mechanical contrivance.
This discovery is being made simultaneously by a science,
a philosophy and a theology as yet little known.
That interest led to doctoral work in medieval
philosophy and theology as preparation for specialization in contemporary Catholicism.
This is not to close the door between the laboratory and the sacristy, rather the opposite; what we discover from the natural sciences can not be hermetically sealed off from
philosophy and theology as though it were some totally separate area of wisdom.If the primary object of physical science is the physical realm in its inter-dependant relationships, the object of metaphysics is the very same physical realm as it relates to the spiritual.
Not exact matches
In May 2017, Michael graduated
as a Founder's Scholar from The King's College with a bachelor of the arts in Politics,
Philosophy and Economics, double - minoring in Journalism
and Theology.
However, the man is not a literature specialist, so what reason do I have to seriously consider what he has to say about «fairy tales,» much less about «
philosophy»
and «
theology» when he hasn't even so much
as an undergraduate degree in either of those areas.
Prof. Turner cites the size of Notre Dame's
theology and philosophy departments
as evidence that I am mistaken.
There is,
as I see it, a paradigm shift taking place in contemporary Roman Catholic
theology away from the classical worldview of Thomas Aquinas
and other scholastic thinkers in which the
philosophy of Aristotle plays such an important role to a more interpersonal approach to the God - world relationship in which God is thought to be constantly interacting with creatures in the establishment of the Kingdom of God on earth.
At one time the Catholic natural law
philosophy of Thomas Aquinas
and his followers dominated European thinking, but its metaphysical foundations were undermined
as science replaced Aristotelian teleology
and Catholic
theology with a materialist worldview that considers only efficient causes.
Another fascinating chapter is Frederick Pike's on Latin America since 1800, wherein the suggestion is offered that liberation
theology's «ahistorical» character comes from its Neoplatonist strain» ironically, one of the most radically transcendental
philosophies available
as a basis for religious life
and theology.
But
as he grew older, his darkness
and suffering increased to the point where he realized that he urgently needed to discover the unifying Reality concealed behind all images, all
philosophies, all religions, all
theologies, all spiritualities, all institutions
and organizations.
I can understand people making things up, calling the «made up» stuff
as philosophy and theology.
Much of the rich tradition of Catholic
theology and philosophy has been neglected
as well.
Schubert Ogden, for example, says that the principle from which process
philosophy and theology begin «requires that we take
as the experiential basis of all our most fundamental concepts the primal phenomenon of our own existence
as experiencing subjects or selves» (HG 57).
The
theology and philosophy of Edward Holloway stands alone
as a contemporary synthesis which on the one hand rejects any dialectical tension at the heart of being
and at the same time upholds the real distinction between matter
and spirit.
The Galileo affair is well worth studying
as it raises many problems concerning the relations between
theology and science,
and the
philosophy of scientific discovery [3].
Several of the book's features are shared with other British
theology: a basic concern for intelligent orthodoxy informed by worship; the Trinity
as the encompassing doctrine, strongly connected to both church
and society; a well - articulated response to modernity; a wide range of «mediations,» through various discourses
and aspects of contemporary life (
philosophy, history, friendship, sex, politics, aesthetics, the visual arts
and music); a special affinity for the patristic period;
and a preference for the essay genre.
In the first chapter, he reclaims the word dogma from its popular pejorative meaning, defining it
as an accurate statement of what is true,
and setting out the relation between
philosophy and theology that frames the rest of the book.
It will be useful at the outset to distinguish two matters that the very title of this response tends confusingly to run together, viz., (1) «Hermeneutics,» in particular hermeneutics
as shaped by commitments to the conceptuality
and doctrines of process
philosophy,
and (2) the use of Scripture -
as - interpreted in the course of doing
theology.
Rather the concern is that the Church is ignoring the power of the ever more startling evidence of the workings of the natural order,
as only the scientific methodology can reveal them, to inspire more persuasive arguments — not only to reinforce
and defend classical
philosophy and Church
theology — but to prompt careful re-examination of them.
It is a grand
and unique attempt to synthesise modern science with the history
and philosophy of science of neo-scholastics such
as Etienne Gilson, the metaphysics
and theology of Hans Urs von Balthasar, the mysticism of Eckhart,
and Henri de Lubac's retrieval of the pre-Augustinian tripartite (body - soul - spirit) anthropology.
In more recent times, neo-classical theism (Whiteheadian process
philosophy and theology) has reacted against the remote, transcendent, immutable
and uninvolved God of classicism by making God totally immanent
as evolving Deity.
In any event, developed Christian
theology rejected nothing good in the metaphysics, ethics, or method of ancient
philosophy, but — with a kind of omnivorous glee — assimilated such elements
as served its ends,
and always improved them in the process.
This quest requires an internal renewal of
theology and philosophy — not merely
as academic disciplines, but
as ways of life —
and they need to be brought to bear on the governing assumptions, the unarticulated ontology of our culture.
It is static
philosophy which influenced both traditional
theology and linguistic analysis that is responsible for the dualism between reason
and faith, because it considers reason
as given fully finished, fully adequate for its role.
A minor figure in the history of American
philosophy and theology, although somewhat more prominent in Methodist circles, McCabe's importance rested
as much in what he attempted to do in the area of philosophical
theology as in what he accomplished.
4In addition to his article in the present volume, see e.g., «A Whiteheadian Basis for Pannenberg's
Theology,» Encounter 38 (1977): 307 - 17; «A Dialogue About Process
Philosophy» (with Wolfhart Pannenberg), Encounter 38 (1977): 318 - 24; «God
as the Subjectivity of the Future,» Encounter 41 (1980): 287 - 92; «The Divine Activity of the Future,» Process Studies 11/3 (Fall 1981): 169 - 79;
and «Creativity in a Future Key,» in New Essays in Metaphysics, ed.
Can they develop
theologies of ecology that affirm the intrinsic value of all life,
as do the deep ecologists
and most others within environmental
philosophy,
and that also affirm the care of a compassionate God for the poor
and oppressed,
as do prophetic biblical traditions?
Some turn to the East, particularly to Taoism; some to Native American perspectives
and other primal traditions; some to emerging feminist visions; still others to neglected themes or traditions within the Western heritage, ranging from materials in Pythagorean
philosophy to neglected themes in Plato to Leibniz or Spinoza;
and still others to twentieth - century philosophers such
as Heidegger or to philosophical movements such as the Deep Ecology movement.9 As one would expect in an age characterized by a split between religion and philosophy, few environmental philosophers turn to sources in the Bible or Christian theology for help, though some — Robin Attfield, for example — argue that Christian history has been wrongly maligned by environmental philosophers, and that it can serve as a better resource than some might expect (WTEE 201 - 230
as Heidegger or to philosophical movements such
as the Deep Ecology movement.9 As one would expect in an age characterized by a split between religion and philosophy, few environmental philosophers turn to sources in the Bible or Christian theology for help, though some — Robin Attfield, for example — argue that Christian history has been wrongly maligned by environmental philosophers, and that it can serve as a better resource than some might expect (WTEE 201 - 230
as the Deep Ecology movement.9
As one would expect in an age characterized by a split between religion and philosophy, few environmental philosophers turn to sources in the Bible or Christian theology for help, though some — Robin Attfield, for example — argue that Christian history has been wrongly maligned by environmental philosophers, and that it can serve as a better resource than some might expect (WTEE 201 - 230
As one would expect in an age characterized by a split between religion
and philosophy, few environmental philosophers turn to sources in the Bible or Christian
theology for help, though some — Robin Attfield, for example — argue that Christian history has been wrongly maligned by environmental philosophers,
and that it can serve
as a better resource than some might expect (WTEE 201 - 230
as a better resource than some might expect (WTEE 201 - 230).
Perreau - Saussine shows that ultramontanism transcended its own political
theology inasmuch
as it shared
and helped to promote the rational orientation of political
philosophy.
Where Mortals Dwell apparently had its start
as a course Bartholomew teaches at Redeemer University College in Ontario, where he is a professor of
philosophy and theology.
I don't consider myself «postmodern» or «emerging» but most of the postmodern / emerging
philosophy and theology I have read is a reaction against a modern
philosophy and theology which overemphasized «the many» (the human ability to figure things out on our own),
and as a result, is not too humanistic, but is almost excessively spiritual.
Burtchaell writes out of a Roman Catholic tradition that sees Christ
as a supernatural fulfillment of the aspirations of culture, in the same way that grace is seen
as perfecting nature
and theology as perfecting
philosophy.
Because of the cultural changes of modernity, however, the just war tradition has been carried, developed,
and applied not
as a single cultural consensus but
as distinct streams in Catholic canon law
and theology, Protestant religious thought, secular
philosophy, international law, military theory
and practice,
and the experience of statecraft.
This ideal was generally framed in neo-Thomist terms, with first
philosophy and later
theology acting
as the intellectual glue that united the disparate academic disciplines.
Pate argues that the primary lens through which
philosophy and theology developed was what he consistently refers to
as «the one
and the many.»
A genuine
philosophy of history regarding the beginning8 of genuinely human history,
and a genuine
theology of the experience of man's own existence
as a fallen one which can not have been so «in the beginning», would show that where it is a question of the history of the spirit, the pure beginning in reality already possesses in its dawn - like innocence
and simplicity, what is to ensue from it,
and that consequently the theological picture of man in the beginning
as it was traditionally painted
and as it in part belongs to the Church's dogma, expresses much more reality
and truth than a superficial person might at first admit.
Analysis of the nature
and structure of society
as well
as of religion is carried out in the disciplines dedicated to this purpose (general sociology,
theology,
and philosophy of religion).
(This version of First
and Second Goods
and their respective modes of fulfillment is adumbrated in the moral
theology of Alfonsus Liguori
and the practical
philosophy of Bernard Lonergan, each of whom understood himself
as part of the natural law tradition.)
In general, if we consider the two main sources of Christian
theology as the Bible
and Greek
philosophy, we can say that process thought is more characteristic of the Bible than substance thought of the Greeks.
Yet they would feel not justified in regarding their result
as the last word of wisdom but would very definitely expect an appreciation
and evaluation which puts these results in the proper perspective of a unified system of knowledge,
philosophy, or
theology;
and it is irrelevant whether the latter task is performed in personal union with that of description so long
as the integrity of the latter is guaranteed.
The
philosophy of organism culminates in a new metaphysical
theology.12 In Whitehead's view, «The most general formulation of the religious problem is the question whether the process of the temporal world passes into the formation of other actualities, bound together in an order in which novelty does not mean loss» (Process
and Reality, An Essay in Cosmology 517)--
as it does in the temporal world.
We will consider first the question
as to how Brunner relates reason
and revelation
and, specifically,
philosophy and theology.
There is no answer
as to what actually happened, but we do know that starting from there the church embarked on the far - reaching intellectual enterprise which is the building of a Christian
theology,
and philosophy of life, upon the foundation thus laid,
and that is an unfinished story.
Regarding his intellectual affinities, Hartshorne feels himself to be «closest» to Charles Sanders Peirce, Henri Bergson,
and A. N. Whitehead.4 He expresses gratitude to his Harvard professors C. I. Lewis
and H. M. Sheffer for introducing him to «logical exactitude,»
and especially to Professor William Ernest Hocking, his first teacher in philosophical
theology, for fresh insights into a philosophically trustworthy vision of God.5 Furthermore, he acknowledges some indebtedness to Josiah Royce, William James,
and Ralph Barton Perry,
as well
as a close kinship to the Russian existentialist Nicolai Berdyaev.6 Nevertheless, Hartshome's
philosophy is strikingly similar
and most profoundly indebted to that of A. N. Whitehead.
But it is different from traditional
theology in that it uses the process
philosophy of Alfred North Whitehead (instead of Plato or Aristotle) to express
and integrate that belief into our contemporary perception of reality — a perception which is increasingly sensitive to integration
and change
as the fundamental reality.
He mentions panentheism
as a
philosophy which, like Christian
theology, avoids the errors of pantheism
and deism, but dismisses it
as an expression of the Christian view because it is not sufficiently dynamic.
This achievement alone is pregnant with enormous meaning
and interest for
philosophy and theology;
and, in this regard, we must view Hartshorne
as standing in the same tradition with Aristotle, Aquinas, Spinoza, Hegel,
and Whitehead.
I conceive natural
theology as the area of overlap between
philosophy and theology, whereas this book deals chiefly with the area of overlap between history
and theology.
But in Beyond Humanism
and elsewhere he expresses the idea that the new conception of God is not only philosophically superior to that of classical
philosophies and theologies, it is also theologically
and religiously more adequate in that it is much more compatible with the Biblical idea of God
as love.