Erika Hagelberg gained a PhD in biochemistry from Cambridge University, and a master in history and
philosophy of science from University College London.
Yet the key point for Catholic thinkers to acknowledge is that
the philosophy of science from Bacon right through to modernity has shown that the success of modern experimental observation does challenge Aristotelian - Scholastic «natures».
This is the root of
a philosophy of science from Gilson to Caldecott (possibly including Pope Benedict XVI in his Bundestag address) which argues that modern science methodologically excludes formality and teleology from consideration.
Not exact matches
He received another master's degree in History and
Philosophy of Science and Medicine
from Cambridge before receiving a medical degree
from Yale.
By earning legitimate links and attracting attention using skills
from a variety
of fields, including marketing, public relations, a little data
science, and even
philosophy.
Mr. Musuraca received a B.A. in Political
Science from New York University, a M.A. in American History
from the University
of Massachusetts / Boston, and a Master's
of Philosophy from the Graduate Center, City University
of New York.
Mark has a PhD in International Relations and Political
Philosophy from University
of Calgary and is an occasional lecturer in Political
Science at the University
of Calgary.
Metamorphic analysis completes the basic approach to historical explanation derived
from Whitehead's
philosophy of organism and
from related research in the arts and
sciences.
Swinburne's background in the
philosophy of science gives him an advantage in sorting out the legitimate
science in these books
from their questionable philosophical assumptions.
Since
science can make no authoritative claims in the field
of cosmogony, answers to those questions can only come
from two other sources, that being
philosophy and religion.
Such a mentality, ignorant
of sociology,
of economics,
of psychology,
of physics,
of biology, is intolerable to young and virile minds trained in the tradition
of the modern
sciences, and the
philosophies of existentialism that derive
from them.
If we now understand religion and morality as forms
of life and experience that are quite different
from that
of science, the same can also be said
of our understanding
of philosophy and metaphysics.
This applies particularly to many
of our time who have been schooled in the thought
of Western culture, say
from the period
of the enlightenment through nineteenth - century
philosophy and
science.
He noted the peril
of specialization in modern culture, which tends to isolate religious thinkers
from those in
philosophy, art, politics and
science.
Bertalanffy and Laszlo are unfamiliar because they represent a relatively new school
of philosophy which takes its insights
from the theoretical perspectives
of contemporary
science and technology rather than
from the mainstream
of professional
philosophy.
This basic principle implies that common sense and
science must supply all the essential factual knowledge, and that standards
of ethics and justice must come
from secular
philosophies that rest upon uncontroversial assumptions.
Just remember that «the key words [
of PR] derive their meanings
from his earlier studies in mathematics and the
philosophy of science» (RL 284).
Mays recognizes that Whitehead's method in speculative
philosophy is akin to the hypothetico - deductive method
of the
sciences, where
from particular observed data one frames a theory and then tests it against other data.
Until the student
of origins can produce repeated examples
of spontaneous generation (living organisms created entirely
from non-living matter) followed by an evolutionary process, his speculations remain in the realm
of philosophy and outside the strict standards
of modern
science.
It will be obvious that I have tried to absorb and transform in the concept
of real cause / ontic power aspects
of causality that have long since disappeared
from the concept
of C E causality.4 that does service in modern
philosophy of science.
One discussion
of his ideas lists thirty - six reviews
of The Structure
of Scientific Revolutions in journals whose fields range
from philosophy and
science to psychology and sociology.16 Many scientists feel at home in the volume because it gives frequent concrete examples
from the history
of science and seems to describe
science as they know it.
The secular form
of liberalism for Niebuhr was a
philosophy and social ethic which stemmed
from a secularized Social Gospel combined with American optimism, faith in the techniques
of natural
science, and the idea
of inevitable social progress.
Hence, faith differs
from the intention
of philosophy and the natural
sciences in its use
of reason only in that the datum on which it rests in its entirety is not acknowledged as such by all men.
A «sound
philosophy»
of science and religion, to begin with the obvious, should result
from a discussion, not a war.
When Karol Wojtyla, the future Pope John Paul II, became Archbishop
of Krakow, in 1963, he began to encourage the activities ofintellectuals and priests in their interdisciplinary quest in
science and
philosophy, and Heller's work flourished in this atmosphere, despite an ongoing repression
from the Communist authorities.
Most
of what is known
of human nature
from mathematics and the physical
sciences is based on reflection on those disciplines and hence is not normally thought to be part
of their proper subject matter, but to belong more to the
philosophy of science and mathematics.
Humans Discover Before Presuming
From the standpoint
of the proposal
of a new synthesis which is core to the aims and ideals
of the Faith movement, we wish to draw attention to one problem in the
philosophy of science which we believe needs to be clarified if the key Papal appeal concerning the «broadening
of reason» is to come to fruition.
The philosopher, George Herbert Mead, was acknowledging this when he wrote in Movements
of Nineteenth Century
Philosophy that the notion of Order which looms so importantly in modern science and philosophy was taken over from Christian
Philosophy that the notion
of Order which looms so importantly in modern
science and
philosophy was taken over from Christian
philosophy was taken over
from Christian theology.
The secularisation
of life through the new wisdoms
of science and the
philosophy of science are part
of the same one revolt
from Christ as Lord
of human life and history.
This is not to close the door between the laboratory and the sacristy, rather the opposite; what we discover
from the natural
sciences can not be hermetically sealed off
from philosophy and theology as though it were some totally separate area
of wisdom.If the primary object
of physical
science is the physical realm in its inter-dependant relationships, the object
of metaphysics is the very same physical realm as it relates to the spiritual.
So much is this true that the total separation
of faith and religion
from life and culture became a cardinal principle
of a new outlook, now called The
Philosophy of Science, the doctrine
of which is that nothing is valid in society, in community law, or in educational principle, unless it belongs to the experimental order and can be proven by the senses.
Reinhold Niebuhr, for example, wrote an exuberant review
of Science and the Modern World in which he saw Whitehead's
philosophy as «exactly the emphasis which modern religion needs to rescue it
from defeat on the one hand and
from a too costly philosophical victory on the other.
But he fails even to allude to the radical challenges to this which emerged in the 20th century
from some Pragmatists and
from Ludwig Wittgenstein, with their «collapse
of the fact - value system», a view now prominent in contemporary
philosophy of science.
Robert Krishna OP, who has a PhD
from the University
of Sydney in history and
philosophy of science, will be facilitating our study
of On Christian Doctrine.
He argues that the decline
of Islamic civilization over the past 600 years resulted
from defeats at the hands
of the West — in trade, technology,
science,
philosophy, political development, modernization, diplomacy and war.
«With Heidegger's
philosophy, we are always engaged in going back to the foundations, but we are left incapable
of beginning the movement
of return that would lead
from the fundamental ontology to the properly epistemological question
of the status
of the human
sciences.»
These sources include the Bible, the tradition
of Christian thought (especially
from the early church and the Reformation), culture (including
philosophy,
science and the arts), and the contemporary experience
of God's community, including popular religion.
Thus, if we now understand religion and morality, say, as forms
of life and experience that are quite different
from that
of science, the same can also be said, mutatis mutandis,
of our understanding
of philosophy and metaphysics.
Those in the Abrahamic tradition can once again have support
from science and
philosophy for their conviction that what they worship is worthy
of their worship, that, at the base
of reality is something worthy
of their trust.
We hinted at our own view in the introduction:
philosophy can sometimes profitably illuminate the phenomenological and semantic path
from experience to
science, and, in so doing, both the beginning and the end
of the journey are prime data.
And it was also
from Comte and the cultural milieu that popularized his
philosophy of science, that Ginzberg learned his own views on the character
of the scientific culture into which the Jewish people was emerging.
Freed
from the impurity
of philosophy and
science, religion would at last lead men to salvation.
But that mistake consisted
of taking a conclusion
from one realm (
science) and applying it uncritically to another (
philosophy), while my use
of chaos theory is confined to the scientific realm for which it was designed.
The first, can appear the model
of pure a priori thought, disengaged
from the world
of experience; the second, a massive collection
of detailed descriptions and theories about the enormous variety
of material phenomena, but with no intelligible unity; and the third an obscure and generally unrigorous rhapsody
of affirmations and aspirations, at one end couched in the languages
of politics and sentimentality, and at the other in the terms
of a cosmic poetry unregulated by
science or
philosophy.
The invitation to affirm revelation challenges habits
of thought which our generation has inherited
from two centuries
of activity in the fields
of science and
philosophy.
In contemporary
philosophy of science, what gives its commanding significance to the work deriving
from Sir Karl Popper's book, The Logic
of Scientific Investigation (Hutchinson, 1958), is an analogous attempt to fuse, in an exact account
of theoretical activity in the
sciences, the moments
of creativity and
of finding.
This modern assumption that the world view
of modern
science is absolute is, we think, the reason for Bultmann's repeated retreat
from revelation as an historical event into an abstract
philosophy of life.
Midgley, a retired
philosophy professor
from Newcastle, has published many provocative and insightful books in the past 15 years, combating various streams
of uncritically accepted suppositions in
science, ethics,
philosophy and modern culture as well.
Eventually, Wilson predicts,
science will provide a synthesis
of all knowledge
from all fields
of inquiry,
from philosophy and literature to art and architecture.
as Nietzsche put it: «Strictly speaking, there is no such thing as
science «without any presuppositions»... a
philosophy, a «faith,» must always be there first
of all, so that
science can acquire
from it a direction, a meaning, a limit, a method, a right to exist... It is still a metaphysical faith that underlies our faith in
science.»