Sentences with phrase «photoreceptor neurons»

The retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) is a layer of cells next to the retina that are metabolically coupled to the retina's photoreceptor neurons.

The photoreceptor neurons in each ommatidium, or small unit of the compound eye, are always eight in number.

Not exact matches

The retina contains small, specialized neurons called bipolar cells that transmit information from light - sensitive photoreceptor cells to ganglion neurons, which send information to the brain for interpretation as images.

In the new study, the team focused on neurons called amacrine cells and horizontal cells, which have a known role in «preprocessing» — or adjusting — electrical signals transmitted to the brain from the photoreceptors after they have been stimulated by light photons.

But the benefits of this technology for discerning the circuits of the mind go much deeper, because the virus that carries the photoreceptor genes can also carry promoter sequences that express their payload only in neurons with the appropriate molecular address.

Through the same viral strategy, both photoreceptor types were then introduced into neurons.

Many of the neurons took up the foreign instructions, synthesized ChR2 protein and inserted the photoreceptors in their membrane.

Retinas are built of a stack of different types of neurons, each connected by synapses that transmit signals from photoreceptors to the brain.

This surprising dark - centric organization could be a consequence of a size distortion for lights that originates at the photoreceptor (Kremkow et al., PNAS, 2014), the very first neuron in the visual pathway.

By contrast, the MacLaren team's therapy targets photoreceptors that are neurons lasting for life — so in principle patients need only have the treatment once.

A good example of compartmentalization is observed in a specialized type of light - sensing neurons found in the retina, the photoreceptors, which are made up of different compartments containing specific proteins essential for vision.

When these photoreceptors detect light, they send a signal to specialized neurons in the retina called retinal ganglion cells, or RGCs, which then transmit visual information to the brain by firing electrical pulses along the optic nerve.

The neural retina consists of six major classes of neurons including two types of photoreceptors, rods and cones.

Nanoparticles targeted to these cells could potentially absorb light and directly stimulate the neurons, bypassing defective photoreceptors, according to the authors.

Photoreceptors are specialized neurons in the retina that convert light into signals that the brain interprets as sight.

As these factors can exert protective effects on retinal neurons [52]--[56] and neurons in other neurodegenerative disease models [49], [57], [58], it seems likely that these substances may contribute to the latent photoreceptor cell survival we observe in the dystrophic retina.