Sentences with phrase «physical mechanisms»

I concluded that the projections of extreme sea level rise are not consistent with plausible physical mechanisms, not supported by the available data, and further, that the AR4 projected range (about 30 - 50 cm by 2100) agreed perfectly with my projections over a wide range of warming scenarios.

Yes, projections ought to be based on and consistent with reasonable physical mechanisms (as my projections were!)

Quantify the magnitude, location, and physical mechanisms associated with interior diapycnal mixing in the ocean, which contribute to the diabatic AMOC, and evaluate the realism of current ocean GCMs in this regard.

Additionally my propositions provide the physical mechanisms accounting for the mathematics of Dr. F. Miskolczi..»

What are the physical mechanisms involved here?

The results of this paper reinforce previous claims that the relevant physical mechanisms that explain the detected climatic cycles are still missing in the current GCMs and that climate variations at the multidecadal scales are astronomically induced and, in first approximation, can be forecast.

Indeed, the models are missing important physical mechanisms driving climate changes, which may also be still quite mysterious and which I believe to ultimately be astronomical induced, as better explained in my other papers.

Unless you can show some physical mechanisms — or at least laboratory measurements of such incredibly fine temperature sensitivity, then you are a very very very long way from persuading me that you have any sort of a case beyond wishful thinking.

For example, an engineer can not build a functional electric devise (a phone or a radio or a TV or a computer), or a bridge or an airplane if some of the necessary physical mechanisms were unknown.

Although the chain of the actual physical mechanisms generating these cycles is still obscure, (I have argued in my previous papers that the available climatic data would suggest an astronomical modulation of the cloud cover that would induce small oscillations in the albedo that, consequently, would cause oscillations in the surface temperature also by modulating ocean oscillations), the detected cycles can surely be considered from a purely geometrical point of view as a description of the dynamical evolution of the climate system.

Indeed, this dynamics suggests a major multiple harmonic influence component on the climate with a likely astronomical origin (sun + moon + planets) although not yet fully understood in its physical mechanisms, that, as shown in the above figures, can apparently explain also the post 2000 climate quite satisfactorily (even by using my model calibrated from 1850 to 1950, that is more than 50 years before the observed temperature hiatus period since 2000!).

Definitely yes, at some point in the future (billions of years), something not experienced on Earth will be affecting the climate, but over the relatively shorter - term, the same physical mechanisms control the climate, just playing on variations on the combinations, timing, and intensity of those mechanisms: namely: Milankovitch cycles, GHG concentrations, ocean cycles, hydrological cycle, volcanic activity, solar cycles, biosphere interactions, location of continents, etc..

Response: The physical mechanisms for the CRE theory of the ozone hole and the CFC warming theory have been given in detail not only in my new IJMPB paper but in my 2010 Physics Reports and J of Cosmology papers [see the main content of my paper in the above].

Eminent scientists who queried the IPCC line — which is based on models rather than clear understanding of the underlying physical mechanisms — and eminent economists and statisticians who argued that the case for net costs from any warming had never been demonstrated — were vilified.

To address these challenges, we need to understand the physical mechanisms that drive the seasonal cycle of rainfall and trends such as the Sahel drought of the 1980s followed by recovery.

In the questionnaire, experts were asked for a pairwise comparison of tipping elements in terms of (i) their sensitivity to global mean temperature increase and (ii) the uncertainty about the underlying physical mechanisms.

until what seems like we got off that track largely (presumably) on anthroprogenic means — natural / physical mechanisms don't appear to be enough to get the job done quick enough, right?

Numerous physical mechanisms have been proposed to explain the apparent step - like jump in the extratropical atmosphere / ocean system.

Given the large uncertainty that remains about tipping elements, there is an urgent need to improve our understanding of the underlying physical mechanisms determining their behavior, so that policy makers are able «to avoid the unmanageable, and to manage the unavoidable» (112).

An expert elicitation is used to help rank their sensitivity to global warming and the uncertainty about the underlying physical mechanisms.

It would be expected to do so proportionally to the sum of all physical mechanisms involved.

The discussion is about the science, the likelihood of certain general points and certain ranges of values, as well as certain physical mechanisms suspected to be at play.

The length of the data is short for everybody, not only for us and it is well known that clear physical mechanisms are still poorly understood, which is again a problem for everybody, not just for us.

Further research will be needed to characterize the physical mechanisms responsible for this correlation, and why it appears to reach a maximum in spring.

The seasonal and regional characteristics of the Antarctic temperature datasets make them useful for interpreting the physical mechanisms that drive Antarctic climate variability, and for informing future interpretations and model evaluations of Antarctic climate change.

However, we still lack a quantitative understanding of the physical mechanisms leading to the suggested changes in ocean circulation, which inevitably challenges our interpretation of past and present climates and shakes our confidence in future projections.

The three main criteria for a robust emergent constraint are satisfied: the physical mechanisms are well understood, the statistical relationship between the quantities of interest is strong, and uncertainties in the observed variations are weak, allowing Hall and Qu to constrain the snow - albedo feedback under global warming.

Links between interannual variability of extreme precipitation and temperatures offer possible observational constraints, especially since the underlying physical mechanisms are relatively well understood (e.g., O'Gorman and Schneider, 2009).

Please wash your mouth out for discussing «physical mechanisms».

This inconsistency between model results and observations could arise either becaise «real world» amplification effects on short and long term time scales are controlled by different physical mechanisms, and models fail to capture such behavior, or because non-climatic influences remaining in some or all of the observed tropospheric datasets lead to biased long - term trends, or a combination of these factors.

Including the effects of physical mechanisms that can quickly increase ice sheet discharge significantly raises sea level rise projections under high - emission scenarios.

As the global temperature increases with changing climate, precipitation rates and patterns are affected through a wide range of physical mechanisms.

The experimental behavior supports the storm scenario the traveling atmosphere disturbances (TADs) of auroral origin and changes in the thermospheric wind are the main physical mechanisms driving equatorward - directed and vertical winds which in turn move the plasma along the magnetic field lines and raise the ionospheric peak height.

And he didn't separate clear and cloudy skies, where the physical mechanisms have different origins.

The actual physical mechanisms advanced by the IPCC, Rahmstorf, Schmittner and Skeptical Science are problematic to say the least and note the IPCC do not make an anthropogenic attribution to 0 - 2000m (only to 0 - 700m) and only for the 20th century (not for the 21st century).

The statistical method is empirically based, using historical records without consideration of physical mechanisms, and relies on the relationship between the drought indicator to be predicted and influencing factors (or predictors).

28 29 7.4.5.2 Physical Mechanisms Linking Cosmic Rays to Cloudiness 30 31 The most widely studied mechanism proposed to explain the possible link between GCR and cloudiness is 32 the «ion - aerosol clear air» mechanism, in which atmospheric ions produced by GCR facilitate aerosol 33 nucleation and growth ultimately impacting CCN concentrations and cloud properties (Carslaw et al., 2002; 34 Usoskin and Kovaltsov, 2008).

To give a standard, concrete example: scientists have a fairly good understanding of the physical mechanisms via which increased CO2 causes tropospheric warming with stratospheric cooling.

Similarly so for the physical mechanisms via which increased solar irradiance causes tropospheric warming with stratospheric warming.

There have been many studies aiming to test this hypothesis since AR4, which fall in two categories: i) studies that seek to establish a causal relationship between cosmic rays and aerosols / clouds by looking at correlations between the two quantities on timescales of days to decades, and studies that test through observations or modeling one of the physical mechanisms that have been put forward.

There have been many studies aiming to test this hypothesis since AR4, 50 which fall in two categories: i) studies that seek to establish a causal relationship between cosmic rays and 51 aerosols / clouds by looking at correlations between the two quantities on timescales of days to decades, and 52 ii) studies that test through observations or modelling one of the physical mechanisms that have been put 53 forward.

Possible physical mechanisms are qualitatively discussed with an emphasis on the phenomenon of collective synchronization of coupled oscillators.»

Physical mechanisms have been proposed to explain how cosmic rays could affect clouds, but they need to be investigated further if the observation is to become more than just another correlation among geophysical variables.

However, the challenge to correctly simulate Sahel rainfall trends is particularly daunting because multiple physical mechanisms compete to drive the trend upward or downward.

The team is charged with assessing the physical mechanisms underlying AMOC variability and the potential predictability of the AMOC.

Quantify the magnitude, location, and physical mechanisms associated with interior diapycnal mixing in the ocean, which contribute to the diabatic AMOC, and evaluate the realism of current GCMs in this regard.

The US CLIVAR ENSO Diversity Working Group was formed in 2012 to clarify, coordinate and synthesize research to achieve a better understanding of ENSO diversity, including surface and sub-surface characteristics, tropical - extratropical teleconnections, physical mechanisms predictability, and relationship with climate change.

2.10 All model simulations, whether they were forced with increased concentrations of greenhouse gases and aerosols or with increased concentrations of greenhouse gases alone, show the follow - ing features: greater surface warming of the land than of the sea in winter; a maximum surface warming in high northern latitudes in winter... All these changes are associated with identifiable physical mechanisms.

As Nuccitelli et al. showed, climate changes must be caused by physical mechanisms, and Akasofu's argument lacked any physical basis.

Industry, academia, and government entities are clearly committed to pursuing further research to better understand the complex science and physical mechanisms associated with induced quaking events.