Sentences with phrase «physical ocean processes»

In many areas, for example, the coast is threatened not only from its seaward side by physical ocean processes, but also from its landward side by encroaching development.

Not exact matches

GCMs are computer models which capture physical processes governing the atmosphere and oceans to simulate the response of temperature, precipitation, and other meteorological variables in different scenarios.

The models also include the greenhouse gas emissions and other pollutants that result from these processes, and they incorporate all of that information within a global climate model that simulates the physical and chemical processes in the atmosphere, as well as in freshwater and ocean systems.

Leinen easily ticks off a host of areas, from analyzing the complex mixtures of physical processes and chemical reactions in the atmosphere and the ocean to characterizing earthquakes, in which geoscientists have made important contributions to physics and chemistry.

In the study, the researchers use an ice - ocean model created in Bremerhaven to decode the oceanographic and physical processes that could lead to an irreversible inflow of warm water under the ice shelf — a development that has already been observed in the Amundsen Sea.

Dr Jean - Baptiste Sallée, from the Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique and the British Antarctic Survey, said: «We are really excited to make this discovery because until now we didn't know the physical processes allowing iron to reach the ocean surface and maintain biological activity.

Ocean Observing Systems: Acoustical Observations and Applications: Passive and active acoustic methods can be employed for long - term, sustained observations of physical, chemical, and biological processes with Global and Regional Ocean Observing Systems.

Physical oceanography, geophysical fluid dynamics, ocean mixing processes, numerical ocean modeling, biological / physical interactions and marine poPhysical oceanography, geophysical fluid dynamics, ocean mixing processes, numerical ocean modeling, biological / physical interactions and marine pophysical interactions and marine pollution.

In Seattle, Brian Dushaw and Tim Duda organized «Ocean Observing Systems: Acoustical Observations and Applications» on passive and active acoustic methods for long - term observations of physical, chemical, and biological processes.

Right now, climate models have to approximate many physical processes that turn out to be very important; air flowing over mountain ranges, for example, or small eddies mixing water in the ocean.

Purely physical processes like wind - driven mixing can increase the uptake of CO2 by the oceans, but biological processes also play an important role, as does the temperature difference between the air and the water:

If as a result of physical processes (such as El Nino) warmer water reaches the surface of the ocean, so less heat is conducted from the atmosphere into the ocean and the atmopsheric temperature will therefore increase — on a much shorter — comparatively instantaneous — timescale.

What this means is that the overall rate of absorption of CO2 by the oceans is a complex function of numerous processes — biological, chemical and physical — whose individual contributions are still a matter of active scientific research (and which are certainly changing as the planet warms).

These programs use our knowledge of physical, chemical, and biological processes that occur within Earth's atmosphere and oceans and on its land surfaces.

Less well understood by the scientific communities interested in hurricanes — from their basic physics to improved forecasts — and the processes controlling key physical and biological variables in the upper ocean, are the details of coupled interactions between tropical cyclones and the ocean.

It is a layman's expression, and reflects in no way the physical dynamic that govern the ocean and atmospheric processes.

The physical / (bio) chemical processes involved: Higher temperatures means more CO2 emitted (tropics) and less absorbed (poles) by the oceans and more absorbed by mid-latitude vegetation.

This WP aims to improve the resolution of ocean models, as well as the representation of physical and biogeochemical processes, in key regions of the world's oceans (particularly tropical coastal regions, the Southern Ocean and high Northern latitudes) to reduce well known biases in ocean models, as well as the representation of physical and biogeochemical processes, in key regions of the world's oceans (particularly tropical coastal regions, the Southern Ocean and high Northern latitudes) to reduce well known biases in Ocean and high Northern latitudes) to reduce well known biases in ESMs.

I'd say it'd be more apocalyptic (as per Dr. Venkman's «dogs and cats, living together» dictum) if the animals were migrating to environments * more * likely to result in their extinction;) Having said that, I acknowledge that a common view is that humanity is doing exactly that — not a physical migration, but an enforced anthropogenic man - handling of the entire biosphere towards a bad neighborhood in Earth's «state space», where we risk being stabbed by shadowy tipping points, mugged by run - away processes and distressed at the sight of an anoxic ocean vomiting over the local fauna.

The institute investigates the chemical, physical, biological and geological processes of the seafloor, oceans and ocean margins and their interactions with the atmosphere.

There are specific physical candidates that may explain the difference, for example volcanic activity, proper representation of ocean temperatures, and variability in ocean processes.

Physical oceanography is the study of physical conditions and physical processes within the ocean, especially the motions and physical properties of oceanPhysical oceanography is the study of physical conditions and physical processes within the ocean, especially the motions and physical properties of oceanphysical conditions and physical processes within the ocean, especially the motions and physical properties of oceanphysical processes within the ocean, especially the motions and physical properties of oceanphysical properties of ocean waters.

Spherical harmonics are the natural choice for representing patterns on a sphere, but the oceans don't cover the whole of the sphere and the physical processes that govern changes in SST might mean that harmonics aren't the most natural set of patterns for efficiently capturing that variability.

[18] When models of different physical processes are combined, such as combinations of atmospheric, ocean and wave models, the multi-model ensemble is called hyper - ensemble.

Mitrovica and Peltier (1991) coined the term «equatorial ocean syphoning» to describe the GIA - induced sea - level fall and they provided the first physical explanation for the process.

AGW climate scientists seem to ignore that while the earth's surface may be warming, our atmosphere above 10,000 ft. above MSL is a refrigerator that can take water vapor scavenged from the vast oceans on earth (which are also a formidable heat sink), lift it to cold zones in the atmosphere by convective physical processes, chill it (removing vast amounts of heat from the atmosphere) or freeze it, (removing even more vast amounts of heat from the atmosphere) drop it on land and oceans as rain, sleet or snow, moisturizing and cooling the soil, cooling the oceans and building polar ice caps and even more importantly, increasing the albedo of the earth, with a critical negative feedback determining how much of the sun's energy is reflected back into space, changing the moment of inertia of the earth by removing water mass from equatorial latitudes and transporting this water vapor mass to the poles, reducing the earth's spin axis moment of inertia and speeding up its spin rate, etc..

I'm very convinced that the physical process of global warming is continuing, which appears as a statistically significant increase of the global surface and tropospheric temperature anomaly over a time scale of about 20 years and longer and also as trends in other climate variables (e.g., global ocean heat content increase, Arctic and Antarctic ice decrease, mountain glacier decrease on average and others), and I don't see any scientific evidence according to which this trend has been broken, recently.

These computer programs, called General Circulation Models (GCMs), use various assumptions about physical, chemical, and biological processes that occur within Earth's atmosphere and oceans and on its land surfaces.

They include the physical, chemical and biological processes that control the oceanic storage of carbon, and are calibrated against geochemical and isotopic constraints on how ocean carbon storage has changed over the decades and carbon storage in terrestrial vegetation and soils, and how it responds to increasing CO2, temperature, rainfall and other factors.

As sub-surface oxygen concentrations in the ocean everywhere reflect a balance between supply through circulation and ventilation and consumption by respiratory processes, the absolute amount of oxygen in a given location is therefore very sensitive to changes in either process, more sensitive perhaps as other physical and chemical parameters.

Some of that will be due to the physical ocean outgassing and of course some of that is due to biotic processes.

Like reading tea leaves or making a journey to the Oracle of Delphi, academia's belief that they can represent physical processes in the atmosphere, ocean, land and poles some 50 to 100 years into the future — and, the Delphic pronouncements of Western global warming alarmists like Gore, Hansen, Mann, Alley, etc. — all have taken on an air of the macabre.

US CLIVAR is collaborating with the ocean carbon and biogeochemistry science community to increase observations and understanding of the coupled physical / biogeochemical processes that maintain the marine ecosystem and oceanic sources and sinks of carbon and predict how they will evolve in response to climate variability and change.

Incomplete understanding of three key properties of the climate system — equilibrium climate sensitivity, rate of ocean heat uptake and historical aerosol forcing — and their underlying physical processes lead to uncertainties in our assessment of the global - mean temperature evolution in the twenty - first century 1,2 6.

THE conventional representation of the impact on the atmosphere of the use of fossil fuels is to state that the annual increases in concentration of CO2 come from fossil fuels and the balance of some 50 % of fossil fuel CO2 is absorbed in the oceans or on land by physical and chemical processes.

Improved understanding of key physical processes and inclusion of them in models, together with improved projections of changes in the surrounding ocean, are required to notably reduce uncertainties and to better quantify worst - case scenarios.

Today, considerable scientific research focuses on the global nature of tides, including their influence on other physical processes in the ocean such as circulation, mixing, and wave generation.

to distill programmatic lessons from process studies and field campaigns to help current and future observational programs to effectively meet the broader goals of improving the understanding of physical processes in the ocean and the atmosphere and to translate this understanding into improved observational and modeling capabilities.

We don't know whether or not natural sinks have grown in recent decades... — McKinley et al., 2017 «The sum of the available evidence indicates that variability in the ocean carbon sink is significant and is driven primarily by physical processes of upwelling, convection, and advection.

The atmosphere and the ocean are two interacting turbulent media with turbulent processes going on inside them, and there are all sorts and shapes of physical boundary (of the ocean in particular) that «contain'the eddies in a way that may or may not allow prediction of average conditions over areas less than the size of the earth.

The main issue is an understanding of the physical processes regarding density and the energy transfer along with the conversion of radiant energy to mechanical energy and the currents of the oceans.

This effect is ecological in nature and is mediated by microbial activity, and is thus harder to model than simpler physical processes, like glacial melting or ocean warming.

There is a variety of physical processes that can contribute to changes in ocean volume, including tectonic activity, undersea eruptions of magma and thermal vents, and silt deposition.

«To explain in a little more detail: Biology - driven processes in the Southern Ocean (e.g., biological pump efficiency) make this area potentially an even bigger sink than what is described in the article, which focusses on physical processes (i.e., upwelling of «old» deep water).

Climate change is rapidly transforming the world's oceans, and researchers are scrambling to understand what that means for the physical and biogeochemical processes that govern ocean systems around the world.

Topics that I work on or plan to work in the future include studies of: + missing aerosol species and sources, such as the primary oceanic aerosols and their importance on the remote marine atmosphere, the in - cloud and aerosol water aqueous formation of organic aerosols that can lead to brown carbon formation, the primary terrestrial biological particles, and the organic nitrogen + missing aerosol parameterizations, such as the effect of aerosol mixing on cloud condensation nuclei and aerosol absorption, the semi-volatility of primary organic aerosols, the importance of in - canopy processes on natural terrestrial aerosol and aerosol precursor sources, and the mineral dust iron solubility and bioavailability + the change of aerosol burden and its spatiotemporal distribution, especially with regard to its role and importance on gas - phase chemistry via photolysis rates changes and heterogeneous reactions in the atmosphere, as well as their effect on key gas - phase species like ozone + the physical and optical properties of aerosols, which affect aerosol transport, lifetime, and light scattering and absorption, with the latter being very sensitive to the vertical distribution of absorbing aerosols + aerosol - cloud interactions, which include cloud activation, the aerosol indirect effect and the impact of clouds on aerosol removal + changes on climate and feedbacks related with all these topics In order to understand the climate system as a whole, improve the aerosol representation in the GISS ModelE2 and contribute to future IPCC climate change assessments and CMIP activities, I am also interested in understanding the importance of natural and anthropogenic aerosol changes in the atmosphere on the terrestrial biosphere, the ocean and climate.