Climate models,
physical understanding of the climate system and statistical tools, including formal climate change detection and attribution methods, are used to interpret observed changes where possible.
The way in which GCMs spread globally the effects of local forcings accords quite well with
a physical understanding of how the climate system works.
These expectations are based on
physical understanding of the climate system.
Perhaps I'm biased because I'm a physicist not a statistician, but to me it is clear that physical evidence, like
our physical understanding of how CO2 affects SST and how SST affects hurricanes, gives you warning of the loaded dice long before you can prove it from the damage statistics.
Using a global network of observations as input and
our physical understanding of the atmosphere, weather simulations do a good job at estimating how fast these systems will travel and how they interact.
I think it's important to understand that the way in which our climate models encode
our physical understanding of the system produces climate sensitivity or the response of the climate system to doubling of CO2, for example.
Instead of saying «according to theory,» you might say, «according to
our physical understanding of how this works,»
The complexity and non-linearity of the climate system does not allow such a simple statistical derivation of climate sensitivity without
a physical understanding of the key processes and feedbacks.
[Lorius et al., 1990] concluded from their analysis that climate sensitivity to a doubling of CO2 is 3 - 4ºC, in good agreement with independent estimates based on
the physical understanding of CO2 forcing and relevant feedbacks as coded in models.
This mantra has been widely misunderstood and misapplied, but was the first and perhaps still the only systematic conclusion about regional precipitation and global warming based on robust
physical understanding of the atmosphere.
«In the case of the Arctic we have high confidence in observations since 1979, from models (see Section 9.4.3 and from simulations comparing with and without anthropogenic forcing), and from
physical understanding of the dominant processes; taking these three factors together it is very likely that anthropogenic forcing has contributed to the observed decreases in Arctic sea ice since 1979.»
Focus: Long - standing model biases (at least a few of them); Understand how model errors or shortcomings impact projections and predictions; Gain
physical understanding of the climate system through model development.
They are convinced by a «consilience of evidence» (Oreske's phrase) that includes the model's relation to theory and
physical understanding of the processes involved, consistency of the simulated responses among different models and different model versions, and the ability of the model and model components to simulate historical observations.
Theoretical
physical understanding of the interacting components — informed by both models and observations, is essential to understanding what's going on.
Physical Understanding of Climate, and 3.
Studies with climate models have noted that the ITCZ width depends on interactions between radiation and clouds (Voigt & Shaw 2015) and how the model represents sub-grid scale convection (Kang et al. 2009), but
a physical understanding of why the ITCZ width is affected by these processes is lacking.
It seems to me that there is a particular haptic quality to the work of many California artists who did not follow or come out of the Finish Fetish school, but rather drew on the specific qualities of the West Coast environment to inform their vocabulary — light filled, a hyper awareness of geology, and
a physical understanding of material.
The subjective exploration of imagined space inspired by the experience of a literal one has been a continued interest in Zahaykevich's work;
the physical understanding of her sculpture has a deceptive relationship to it's actual size.
Putting these exercises into practice while carrying or lifting heavy loads may take some mental focus at first until the technical and
physical understanding of the technique is understood and muscle memory is developed.
Using a global network of observations as input and
our physical understanding of the atmosphere, weather simulations do a good job at estimating how fast these systems will travel and how they interact.
A judgment of each estimate's reliability is given as a level of scientific understanding based on uncertainties in the climate change agents and
physical understanding of their radiative effects.
«We've done the world's best job of decreasing the uncertainty in the measured rate of universal expansion and of accurately assessing the size of this uncertainty,» said Filippenko, «yet we find that our measured rate of expansion is probably incompatible with the rate expected from observations of the young universe, suggesting that there's something important missing in
our physical understanding of the universe.»
«I really wish I had
a physical understanding of what is going on, and I don't,» Toms says.
Our physical understanding of the macroscopic world is so good that everything from bridges to aircraft can be designed and tested on a computer.
Einstein never gave the Giffords, but his contention that God does not play dice with the universe set the stage for lecturers such as Ernest Rutherford and Nils Bohr, who considered whether
a physical understanding of the world left any room for the activity of God.
Much work still needs to be done by physicists to determine the precise nature of the Higgs particle and its significance for
our physical understanding of the material universe.
'' [W] e can now get extremely sharp images,» he said, which creates «a unique opportunity to improve
our physical understanding of Eta Carinae and many other key objects.»
Not exact matches
They're realizing that empathy ensures all employees — across the spectrum
of physical ability, race, ethnicity, gender, sexual orientation, age, relationship status, financial standing, etc. — have a voice, are
understood and are given equal opportunities to participate in everything from company decisions to company events.
Startups that decide to focus on foreign markets often feel the need for a
physical presence in the country, in part to
understand the needs
of their customers in that area.
While many business models have been constructed around ordering online and picking up at stores or having the item (s) delivered, businesses
understand the power
of physical retail and the act
of touching and feeling an item before a purchase is made.
I started to
understand the
physical limitations
of the DRAM and flash [memory] and the limitations
of continuing try to jam electrons through copper.
Though the company built its name on ecommerce, Amazon's expanding chain
of stores is a sign that it
understands the value
of a
physical presence.
I prefer the tangible, go - anywhere nature
of physical planners and notebooks but
understand the need for digital, so I appreciate what Moleskine is trying to do.
A
physical prototype should be working and include a clear
understanding of function, reliability and production requirements.
It means
understanding that no amount
of money or
physical objects creates happiness or cultivates success.
This includes learning the power
of regulating and leveraging emotions;
understanding that reason and intuition are the twin engines
of decision making; listening to your
physical signaling system to increase energy and insight; and staying connected to the power
of your purpose and passion.
When confronting a crier, part
of displaying professional empathy is to
understand the profoundness
of the process — that the tears are one component
of a complex
physical response to emotion.
Just as the best sports coaches have both the experience and intuition to
understand where the mental and
physical limits
of their athletes are, Tony Robbins Results life coaches have the skills and talent to get a sense
of exactly where you are in your professional and personal journey.
According to a press release dated March 14, the Eastern Caribbean Central Bank (ECCB) has signed a Memorandum
of Understanding with FinTech firm Bitt Inc. for a multifaceted blockchain pilot that will involve the «issuance
of a digital [Eastern Caribbean] currency which will operate alongside»
physical Eastern Caribbean currency.
They are all backed by the
physical metal, which makes it easy for retail investors to
understand what is driving the performance
of the fund.
I'm a knowledge sponge when it comes to
understanding the mechanisms
of anything — be it a
physical system like an espresso pot, to the back - end
of a massive messaging application.
For instance, comparing the newly released vaulting statistics with trade flows allows for a better
understanding of the movement
of metal and the dynamics between investment and
physical demand.
All
of which is to say that
understanding how digital and
physical spaces work together is crucial to improving workspace but also an incredibly complicated design challenge.
If my object
of worship was limited to the
physical I
understand all to well that the
physical will soon pass away.
Then they will
understand that
physical death is the beginning
of eternal life in paradise.
I was once against most acts and
physical sensuality but I have become to
understand the civil needs
of many reprobate minds who linger all the longer in social waywardness.
To «see» beyond that, we require technology to translate
physical interactions into something we can
understand and even then, there are still elements
of this universe that remain invisible and intangible to us) add to that the concept
of consciousness and the potentiality that implies is staggering.
The
physical barriers
of the wild, wind - ravaged, and isolated Hawaiian Kalaupapa peninsula are a fitting symbol
of the world's
understanding of the legacy
of Fr.
It is
understood that the sōma has parts, some
physical (bones, flesh, blood), some spiritual (soul, spirit), and some psychological (emotions, intellect, will, personality), but the word does not refer to just one
of these parts, such as the
physical, but to the entire person.
Apparently it is almost unthinkable to the militant creationists that the ancient Hebrew texts could have been written without a
understanding and interest in the
physical relationships
of space and time.