Sentences with phrase «pigment cells»

This trait involves a massive expansion of pigment cells that not only makes the skin and comb black but also causes black internal organs.

Taking samples from the back, belly, and side of the fossil skin, the team found different numbers of the three pigment cells at each location.

These tumors occur primarily on the skin but may also arise in other tissues where pigment cells are found.

These skin changes are due to hormonal influences on the skin pigment cells in these areas.»

They went on to show that Sox10, a factor needed for the formation of skin pigment cells from neural crest stem cells during development, was present at high levels in naevi and melanoma samples obtained from both the mouse model and human patients.

And the good news is there are a number of treatment options available including camouflage using make - up and self tanning lotions; micro-tattooing may be useful for small stable areas of vitiligo such as face, lips and hands; light therapy; the transfer of a patient's own pigment cells from unaffected skin into the vitiligo - affected cells and laser treatments.

The experiments also show that starvation increases the rate of pigment cell loss in light - exposed flatworms, which mirrors the worsening of disease symptoms some porphyria patients experience when they diet or fast.

Colonies were allowed to expand for a further 14 weeks before we enriched for pigmented cells by manual dissection of expanded pigmented colonies followed by cell dissociation.

Using a scanning electron microscope, McNamara and her team found nanometer - scale objects in the fossil skin that they say are the right shape, size, and location to be three kinds of pigment cells found in modern snakes: one whose pigments produce a range of browns and blacks, a second that makes yellows, oranges, and reds, and a third that can contribute a variety of different colors.

Researchers at the University of Bonn and the Ludwig - Maximilians - Universität of Munich have decoded a new mechanism of how the immune system can specifically attack pigmented cells of the skin.

After 20 h we observed a layer of pigmented cells within the subretinal space of the RCS rat, which were Ki67 negative.

At 13 weeks, two distinct CD68 - positive cell populations were observed, one type was small and non-pigmented (Fig. 8C) and the other consisted of large highly pigmented cells (Fig. 8 D).

Orange Glow The inside of the eye derives its orange color from a layer of pigment cells inside the retina.

Body pigment cells produce both porphyrins and ommochrome, using the indicated biosynthetic pathways (black arrows).

«However, our results clearly show that natural killer cells can also carry out a long - lasting and effective immune reaction against the body's own pigmented cells, including malignant melanoma cells,» says Prof. Dr. Gunther Hartmann, Director of the Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Pharmacology of the University of Bonn.

As a result, the immune system attacks the affected pigmented cells.

Our results indicate that S. mediterranea produces both ommochromes and porphyrins in its subepithelial pigment cells, and that prolonged light exposure eliminates these cells through a mechanism involving porphyrin - dependent photosensitization (Figure 8).

First, Tsetskhladze confirmed that by injecting normal messenger RNA into the mutant zebrafish, the lighter pigment cells become «cured» — or darker — like those of a normal zebrafish.

Lipoic acid - Displaying potent antioxidant activity, lipoic acid can protect against free radical damage to the retinal pigment cells from UV light exposure (7).

«The lack of pigment cells causes the death of the nerve cells that need to develop for hearing to occur.»

Vitiligo is characterised by the accumulation of a subgroup of T cells called CD49a +, which recognise and are ready to kill pigment cells.

However, the scientists have now been able to show that these special immune cells can indeed «remember» pigmented cells when they come into more frequent contact with a specific contact allergen.

«These white markings occur not because the dogs can not produce pigment but because they completely lack pigment cells in the skin in the areas that have white markings», says Izabella Baranowska Körberg who obtained her PhD degree at SLU on a thesis in which this study was included.

(D) Large pigmented cells are observed in the subretinal space at 13 week post-graft.

iPS (IMR90)-3 cells readily differentiate into RPE cells and the differentiation protocol used in this paper is a highly efficient method of producing multiple confluent flasks of highly enriched pigmented cells.

Uveal collectively refers to parts of the eye, notably the iris, that contain pigment cells.

These deeply pigmented cells appeared to be migrating from the deep skin up to the outer layers, or epidermis.

The cells are harvested from a painless blister raised on the skin, then transferred to the area of involvement to replace the missing pigment cells and restore the individual's natural skin color.

Fossilized pigment cells suggest that the new species» plumage was glossy black, maybe even iridescent.

A UT Southwestern Medical Center dermatologist has improved a technique to transplant pigment cells that can repair the affected area of skin discoloration from vitiligo.

«However, the initial mechanism by which the immune system identifies the monobenzone - exposed pigmented cells as dangerous, before attacking them, has been unclear so far,» reports Prof. Dr. Veit Hornung, who recently moved from the University of Bonn to the Ludwig - Maximilians - Universität in Munich.

It lays the foundation for subsequent studies to investigate the biology of pigment cell differentiation and chemical identification of the pigments themselves (both of which I believe are beyond the scope of this study).

This has the potential to initiate a positive feedback loop in which ROS drive further uroporphyrinogen I oxidation, leading to oxidative stress and pigment cell death.

Neural crest cells are a type of stem cell; during vertebrate embryonic development, they eventually differentiate into specialized cells such as those that make facial skeleton cells or those that create pigment cells.

Organized by The PanAmerican Society for Pigment Cell Research Click here for meeting flyer.

Since pigment cells also have an important function in the inner ear some dogs (5 — 15 per cent) with extreme white spotting as white boxers and Dalmatians are affected by impaired hearing or deafness», says Göran Andersson who together with Leif Andersson led this research collaboration.

Dr. Theos» research results were published in an article titled «PKD Domains Distinguish PMEL and GPNMB Localization» in a 2013 edition of the peer - reviewed journal Pigment Cell & Melanoma Research.

Importantly, we show that the presence of pigmented cells within the subretinal space does not necessarily reflect survival of transplanted cells.

New research, from the Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, has uncovered cellular pathways in skin pigment cells that are activated by estrogen and progesterone — two of the main female sex hormones — and also identified synthetic hormone derivatives that specifically influence the pigment producing pathway.

They first pooled together information about colors in related modern snake species in the same family, Colubridae (which contains 70 % of all known snakes): specifically, which combinations of pigment cells produce which colors.

He started with an equivalent of the broken car part: mutant zebrafish with lighter pigment cells.

In addition, two copies of the M allele large enough to produce the merle coat color are thought to cause the death of skin melanocytes, retinal pigment cells, and melanocytes of the inner ear which can result in significant white areas of the coat, eye abnormalities and deafness.

Equally impressive is the ability of a caudal fin to regenerate bone, nerves, blood vessels, epidermal, and pigment cells in about 7 - 10 days following complete amputation.

Scientists already knew that stem cells contained in a bulge area of hair follicles are involved in making hair and that SCF is important for pigmented cells, said Dr. Le, a member of the Hamon Center for Regenerative Science and Medicine.

Laser surgery, which resurfaces skin and destroys highly pigmented cells, is a solution, but expect a lengthy recovery period and a price tag in the thousands of dollars.

Following up on this observation, the authors show that this process is not simple photobleaching, but rather is caused by active elimination of pigment cells.

They published their findings February 6, 2017, in Pigment Cell and Melanoma Research.

Uveal melanoma (which is biologically distinct from skin melanoma) arises from the uvea's melanocytes, the pigment cells that give the eye its color.