The discovery
of planets orbiting stars beyond our solar system is coming at a faster rate than ever before, but that makes each new planet found no less thrilling.
Understanding the chemical composition of cool stars in the solar neighborhood is vital to answering key formation and evolutionary questions for not only our local universe, but also
for planets orbiting those stars.
The target system consists of two known gas -
giant planets orbiting a star quite close in size to our own, meaning that in principle there might be habitable worlds there.
Travelling to Leiden University and other research centres in Holland for five days, the 15 students heard about current research being done in low temperature physics, astrophysics and robotic engineering, through talks on electrical conduction through a wire made of a single line of atoms, quantum communications, cryogenics and the exciting discoveries of
planets orbiting stars outside the solar system.
Ever since the first exoplanet was discovered in 1996, astronomers have been scanning the heavens for another Earth: a rocky
planet orbiting its star at just the right distance for it to harbor liquid water and thus, potentially, life.
A
few planets orbit their star in directions opposite to the direction the star rotates.17 Neither elongated, nor tilted, nor retrograde orbits would evolve from swirling dust clouds.
With the addition this year of 180 new worlds to the Paris Observatory's list of confirmed exoplanets, there are now more than 1,000
known planets orbiting stars other than the sun.
In May 2016, members of the Belgian TRAPPIST team announced their small telescope had turned up three potentially habitable
planets orbiting a star just 40 light - years away.
The three planets seen take 100, 200, and 400 years to orbit once, so even these few years of extra data have helped astronomers understand
better planets orbiting another star, over a thousand trillion kilometers away.
In 2008, a team at Keck Observatory were the first to directly
image planets orbiting another star and in 2013, scientists using Keck Observatory statistically determined that twenty percent of Sun - like stars in our galaxy have Earth - sized planets that could host life.
We suspect that this may be due to
planets orbiting the star getting swallowed up as the star expands; the orbiting planets whip it up like an eggbeater and focus the gas into these fantastic shapes.
Six
planets orbit a star roughly the size of the sun, and like our solar system, the outer planets are gas giants while the inner ones seem to be denser.
More importantly, the two planets have orbital periods of 30 days and 61 days, so that the inner
planet orbits the star twice for every one orbit of the outer one.
It could have been a freak, but soon, more «hot Jupiters» turned up in planet searches, and they were joined by other oddities: planets in elongated and highly tilted orbits,
even planets orbiting their stars «backward» — counter to the star's rotation.
High - contrast observations with the Keck and Gemini telescopes have revealed three
planets orbiting the star HR 8799, with projected separations of 24, 38, and 68 astronomical units.
The first
foreign planet orbiting a star was confirmed a mere 11 years ago, and promising swaths of space like the Goldilocks zone, where the conditions are just right for liquid water, have yet to reveal habitable planets.
At today's session of the International Astronomical Union in Manchester, United Kingdom, astronomers announced that they have discovered 10
new planets orbiting stars other than our sun, bringing the total number to almost 50.
Kepler's found some 2,000
+ planets orbiting stars and published its data to allow citizen scientists to confirm their findings.
The agency's Kepler space telescope had found a pair of Saturn - sized
planets orbiting a star now dubbed Kepler - 9, more than 2,000 light - years from Earth.
While the Kepler - 90 solar system matches ours in terms of the number of planets, it doesn't quite mirror our home turf: All eight
planets orbit their star within the distance between Earth and our sun.
While planets orbiting those stars would see a starscape that is quite different from Earth's, the stars» similarity to the sun would make their habitable zones an intriguing place to look for Earth analogues.
AO has measured the mass of the giant black hole at the center of our Milky Way Galaxy, imaged the four
massive planets orbiting the star HR8799, discovered new supernovae in distant galaxies, and identified the specific stars that were their progenitors.