Agree with Mr. Richards (31) that a «budget» for 1.5 C has already been exceeded — due e.g. to «thermal response factor» (Hansen), present aerosol dimming, further emissions
during energy transition, unfolding climate feedbacks and
planetary response to actual total carbon dioxide eguivalent.
«The inferred
planetary energy imbalance, 0.59 \ pm 0.15 W / m2
during the 6 - year period 2005 - 2010, confirms the dominant role of the human - made greenhouse effect in driving global climate change.»