New research describes possible
planetary systems where a gravitational nudge from one planet could have a mild to devastating effect on the orbit and climate of another, possibly habitable world.
In our galaxy, there may be billions of
planetary systems where more than one planet is habitable.
«It's OK if we find
planetary systems where things are more ambiguous.
Drake multiplied the number of sunlike stars in our galaxy that form each year by a handful of variables: the fraction of those stars that have planets; the number of planets per
planetary system where life could exist; the fraction of habitable planets where life actually arises; the fraction of those where intelligence emerges; the fraction of intelligent species that develop interstellar communication; and finally, the average length of time that those communicating civilizations survive.
Not exact matches
And what can this mean except that, like those
planetary orbits which seem to traverse our solar
system without remaining within it, the curve of consciousness, pursuing its course of growing complexity, will break through the material framework of Time and Space to escape somewhere towards an ultra-center of unification and wholeness,
where there will finally be assembled, and in detail, everything that is irreplaceable and incommunicable in the world.
In an idle moment, while staring at a set of solar
system data, it occurred to me that it might be interesting to display a set of
planetary surfaces on an equal footing,
where the overall texture of these worlds was visible (although topography is probably a more -LSB-...]
So this month's occurrence becomes a historical footnote, a sheer - enjoyment opportunity to watch the clockwork motion of the solar
system and to see our nearest
planetary neighbor speeding along in its orbit at the point
where it comes closest to Earth.
«We have reached the
planetary stage of sustainability,
where we are fiddling with hard - wired processes at the global Earth -
system scale,» Rockström says.
The Pluto - Charon
system is the only other place in our solar
system where we believe this happened on a
planetary scale.
«These findings may have implications for how
planetary systems around other stars could form and
where and how big the planets would be.»
Spacecraft instruments will gather continuous data on the interplanetary environment
where the
planetary system orbits, including measurements of the high - energy particles streaming from the sun and dust - particle concentrations in the inner reaches of the Kuiper Belt.
«It's remarkable that there are three worlds in the solar
system where flowing rivers have carved into the landscape, either presently or in the past,» says Taylor Perron, associate professor of geology in MIT's Department of Earth, Atmospheric and
Planetary Sciences (EAPS).
According to
planetary scientist Alyssa Rhoden, a NASA postdoctoral program fellow, «What's exciting is that this would be the only other place outside of Earth
where a plate - tectonic - style
system is occurring.»
Most of these multis are multiple planet
systems orbiting the Kepler target star, but there are likely cases
where (a) the
planetary system orbits a fainter star, and the planets are thus significantly larger than has been estimated, or (b) the planets orbit different stars within a binary / multiple star
system.
«Since both stars and the planets in our Solar
System produce radio emission, detailed study of the radio emission properties of these brown dwarfs may enable us to distinguish
where the boundary between stellar and
planetary behavior occurs in these not - quite - stars, not - quite - planets,» Osten explained.
Here, we report observations for the four planets within or near the
system's habitable zone, the circumstellar region
where liquid water could exist on a
planetary surface12, 13,14.
Assuming that the spectroscopic companion B does not preclude a stable inner
planetary orbit, the distance from Star A
where an Earth - type planet would be «comfortable» with liquid water is centered around only 0.457 AU — between the orbital distances of Mercury and Venus in the Solar
System.
That will enable JWST to «look much closer to the beginning of time and to hunt for the unobserved formation of the first galaxies, as well as to look inside dust clouds
where stars and
planetary systems are forming today,» according to its website.
Some of them are orbiting extremely close to their parent star like the 51 Peg
planetary system, while others are found to be at distances comparable to
where Mars and Jupiter lie in our solar
system.
The other factor that arises from this is that CMEs, of all the various dangerous stellar eminations, appear to be most responsible for
planetary atmospheric erosion so anything that mitigates their effect has got to be good in terms of
planetary habitability and most of all in M dwarf
systems where the «habitable zone» is close to the star and well within the region of synchronous rotation.
The orbital distance from Zavijava
where a planet currently would be «comfortable» for Earth - type carbon - based lifeforms with liquid water on the
planetary surface in the so - called habitable zone is centered near 1.87 AU — between the orbital distances of Mars and the Main Asteroid Belt in the Solar
System.
The researchers used this method to predict, for 151
planetary systems,
where there were likely to be more planets than what was already showing in the Kepler data.
«Using T - B's law, we tried to predict
where there could be more planets further out in the
planetary systems,» Steffen Kjær Jacobsen, a PhD student at the Niels Bohr Institute at the University of Copenhagen, said in a statement.
Researchers using data from Hubble's now - retired Wide Field
Planetary Camera 2 (WFPC2) have identified two types of blue stragglers in Messier 30: those that form in near head - on collisions with one another and those that are in twin (or binary)
systems where the less massive star siphons «life - giving» hydrogen from its more massive companion.
Game Pick: «Galcon» (Phil Hassey, commercial indie - demo available) «A multiplayer strategy game
where participants will wage war with one another in an attempt to wrestle control over an entire
planetary system.
The
planetary - boundaries group, which published a sort of manifesto in 2009, argues for increased restraint and,
where necessary, direct intervention aimed at bringing all sorts of things in the Earth
system, from the alkalinity of the oceans to the rate of phosphate run - off from the land, close to the conditions pertaining in the Holocene.
A long time after we modern Prometheans disappear, or retreat to a position
where we are no longer interfering in the Earth
System, the great processes that drive
planetary change — orbital forcing, plate tectonics, volcanism, natural evolution and so on — will overwhelm human influence.
I have found, through careful consideration, that the main cause of this debacle
where a majority believe humans can control a complex
system like
planetary climate is the quality of responses to that pernicious assertion.It is not possible to restore stability to climate research based on contending with people who would literally become ill before they would change their conclusions and it for this reason that people here are more accountable for the material they are responsible for.
Imagine an economic vision
where we incorporate a whole
systems perspective, adequate physical and biological contexts (i.e.
planetary carrying capacity considerations), accurate feedback
systems (wherein pollution costs are factored into the price of goods and services) thus better representing the actual (or true) costs of our activities.