No strong evidence about the benefits and safety of
planned home birth compared to planned hospital birth for low - risk pregnant women.
In this group of women, the risk of severe blood loss after delivery (also known as postpartum haemorrhage) was 19.6 per 1,000 for
a planned home birth compared with 37.6 per 1,000 for planned hospital births.
The rate of postpartum haemorrhage was 19.6 per 1,000 for
a planned home birth compared with 37.6 per 1,000 for a planned hospital birth.
Outcomes of
planned home births compared to hospital births in Sweden between 1992 and 2004: a population - based register study.
Not exact matches
Last Summer, ACOG «leaked» data from a study to be published in the American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology stating that
planned home births carried a 2 - 3 fold increase in neonatal death
compared with hospital
births.
Specifically, they should be informed that although the absolute risk may be low,
planned home birth is associated with a twofold to threefold increased risk of neonatal death when
compared with
planned hospital
birth» (ACOG, 2011).
1.1.2 Explain to both multiparous and nulliparous women that they may choose any
birth setting (
home, freestanding midwifery unit, alongside midwifery unit or obstetric unit), and support them in their choice of setting wherever they choose to give
birth: Advise low ‑ risk multiparous women that
planning to give
birth at
home or in a midwifery ‑ led unit (freestanding or alongside) is particularly suitable for them because the rate of interventions is lower and the outcome for the baby is no different
compared with an obstetric unit.
... [T] here was a significant excess of the primary outcome in
births planned at
home compared with those
planned in obstetric units in the restricted group of women without complicating conditions at the start of care in labour.
A major study published in the UK (Birthplace in England Collaborative Group, 2011) has examined the risks of
planned home births,
comparing them against
planned deliveries in hospitals and midwife units for low risk women.
I really do not care if a woman wants to squat out a baby in the comfort of her
home — I care that she is doing so as an act of informed free will and that she has been apprised of the risks of doing so (including the risks of 3 times or more the mortality rate for her baby
compared to hospital
birth and the risks of
planned vaginal delivery in general).
until there are good, randomized controlled trials out there
comparing planned home birth,
planned birth center
birth, and
planned hospital
birth, we are all going to continue to yell at one another.
«NCT's own detailed review of
home birth concluded that, although the quality of comparative evidence on the safety of
home birth is poor, there is no evidence that for women with a low risk of complications the likelihood of a baby dying is any higher if they
plan for a
home birth compared with
planning for a hospital
birth.»
Study results provide evidence that mortality outcomes in
planned home birth are not significantly different
compared to
planned hospital
birth, among 693,592 women with singleton
births in the Netherlands.
Women who
planned a
home birth were at reduced risk of all obstetric interventions assessed and were at similar or reduced risk of adverse maternal outcomes
compared with women who
planned to give
birth in hospital accompanied by a midwife or physician.
In a randomised controlled trial
comparing community based care with standard hospital care a significant difference in caesarean section rates was found (13.3 % v 17.8 % respectively).29
Planning a
home birth30 or booking for care at a midwife led
birth centre is also associated with lower operative delivery rates.
Intrapartum and neonatal death at 0 — 7 days was observed in 0.15 % of
planned home compared with 0.18 % in
planned hospital
births (crude relative risk 0.80, 95 % confidence interval [CI] 0.71 — 0.91).
Babies were significantly more likely to be breast fed at least once for
planned births at
home and at freestanding midwifery units
compared with
planned obstetric unit
births.
For the restricted sample of women without any complicating conditions at the start of care in labour, the odds of a primary outcome event were higher for
births planned at
home compared with
planned obstetric unit
births (adjusted odds ratio 1.59, 95 % confidence interval 1.01 to 2.52) but there was no evidence of a difference for either freestanding or alongside midwifery units
compared with obstetric units.
For healthy multiparous women with a low risk pregnancy, there are no differences in adverse perinatal outcomes between
planned births at
home or in a midwifery unit
compared with
planned births in an obstetric unit
In the subgroup analysis stratified by parity, there was an increased incidence of the primary outcome for nulliparous women in the
planned home birth group (weighted incidence 9.3 per 1000
births, 95 % confidence interval 6.5 to 13.1)
compared with the obstetric unit group (weighted incidence 5.3, 3.9 to 7.3).
Main outcome measure A composite primary outcome of perinatal mortality and intrapartum related neonatal morbidities (stillbirth after start of care in labour, early neonatal death, neonatal encephalopathy, meconium aspiration syndrome, brachial plexus injury, fractured humerus, or fractured clavicle) was used to
compare outcomes by
planned place of
birth at the start of care in labour (at
home, freestanding midwifery units, alongside midwifery units, and obstetric units).
There was no difference overall between
birth settings in the incidence of the primary outcome (composite of perinatal mortality and intrapartum related neonatal morbidities), but there was a significant excess of the primary outcome in
births planned at
home compared with those
planned in obstetric units in the restricted group of women without complicating conditions at the start of care in labour.
Compared with the obstetric unit group, women
planning to give
birth at
home were more likely to be older, white, have a fluent understanding of English, and live in a more socioeconomically advantaged area.
When the author
compared 3385
planned home births with 806 402 low risk hospital
births, he consistently found a non-significantly lower perinatal mortality in the
home birth group.
We
compared medical intervention rates for the
planned home births with data from
birth certificates for all 3 360 868 singleton, vertex
births at 37 weeks or more gestation in the United States in 2000, as reported by the National Center for Health Statistics, 10 which acted as a proxy for a comparable low risk group.
Women who
planned to give
birth in a
birth centre or at
home were significantly more likely to have a normal labour and
birth compared with women in the labour ward group.
Characteristics of 5418 women
planning home births with certified professional midwives in the United States, 2000,
compared with all singleton, vertex
births at > = 37 weeks» gestation in the United States, 2000.
The rate of postpartum haemorrhage was 43.1 per 1,000 for a
planned home compared with 43.3 per 1000 for a
planned hospital
birth.
More
planned home births had 5 - minute Apgar score < 4 (0.37 %)
compared to hospital
births (0.24 %; aOR 1.87; 95 % CI 1.36 - 2.58) and neonatal seizure (0.06 % vs. 0.02 % respectively; aOR 3.08; 95 % CI 1.44 - 6.58).
The most recent large scale study
comparing outcomes for mother and baby reported in the British Medical Journal last month showed that for women who had previously given
birth, adverse outcomes were less common among
planned home births (1 per 1,000) than among
planned hospital
births (2.3 per 1,000).
When
compared with data on
planned home birth in other industrialised countries, the perinatal death rate in Australia was much higher.
Data on
home births were
compared with all Australian
births during 1985 - 90 and with
planned home births elsewhere, identified from a literature search for comparable data from the 1980s and 1990s.
We evaluated the outcomes of Australian
home births and
compared these with all Australian
births and
planned home births elsewhere.
During 1985 - 90 there were just over 1.5 million
births in Australia, giving a death rate (including late neonatal deaths) of 10.8 per 1000
compared with 7.1 per 1000 in
planned home births (table 4).
Benefits and harms of
planned hospital
birth compared with
planned home birth for low ‐ risk pregnant women.
Planned home compared with planned hospital births in the Netherlands: intrapartum and early neonatal death in low - risk pregn
Planned home compared with
planned hospital births in the Netherlands: intrapartum and early neonatal death in low - risk pregn
planned hospital
births in the Netherlands: intrapartum and early neonatal death in low - risk pregnancies.
In a previous study where we explored women's preferences for aspects of intrapartum care regarding
planned place of
birth we reported that women with a preference for a hospital
birth — both midwife - led and obstetrician - led — found the possibility of pain relief treatment much more important
compared to women with a preference for a
home birth [18].
We
compared planned hospital
births with
planned out - of - hospital
births (an aggregate group of
planned home births and
planned birth - center
births), including the out - of - hospital - to - hospital transfers.
Outcomes were
compared by
planned place of
birth: at
home, in freestanding midwifery units, in alongside midwifery units, or in obstetric units.
Planned birth at home, in a free standing midwifery unit, or in an alongside midwifery unit generates incremental cost savings compared with planned birth in an obstetr
Planned birth at
home, in a free standing midwifery unit, or in an alongside midwifery unit generates incremental cost savings
compared with
planned birth in an obstetr
planned birth in an obstetric unit
In further analyses restricted to women without complicating conditions at the start of care in labour, the adjusted odds of adverse perinatal outcomes were higher for
births planned at
home compared with those
planned in obstetric units (adjusted odds ratio 1.59, 95 % confidence interval 1.01 to 2.52).
The generalised linear model on costs showed that, even after adjustment for clinical and sociodemographic confounders,
planned birth in settings other than obstetric units remained cost saving
compared with the reference category of the obstetric unit: savings averaged # 134, # 130, and # 310 for
planned births in alongside midwifery units, free standing midwifery units, and at
home, respectively (P < 0.001)(see appendix 3 on bmj.com).
Fig 2 Cost effectiveness plane:
planned birth at
home compared with
planned birth in obstetric units for nulliparous low risk women without complicating conditions at start of care in labour
In this study of the cost effectiveness of alternative
planned places of
birth in England in women at low risk of complications before the onset of labour, we found that the cost of intrapartum and after
birth care, and associated related complications, was less for
births planned at
home, in a free standing midwifery unit, or in an alongside midwifery unit
compared with
planned births in an obstetric unit.
An UpToDate review on «
Planned home birth» (Declercq and Stotland, 2015) stated that «Large cohort studies using intent - to - treat analysis of midwife - attended, planned, out - of - hospital birth of low - risk women in developed countries have reported reduced rates of cesarean birth, perineal lacerations, and medical interventions, and similar rates of maternal and early perinatal morbidity and mortality compared to planned hospital
Planned home birth» (Declercq and Stotland, 2015) stated that «Large cohort studies using intent - to - treat analysis of midwife - attended,
planned, out - of - hospital birth of low - risk women in developed countries have reported reduced rates of cesarean birth, perineal lacerations, and medical interventions, and similar rates of maternal and early perinatal morbidity and mortality compared to planned hospital
planned, out - of - hospital
birth of low - risk women in developed countries have reported reduced rates of cesarean
birth, perineal lacerations, and medical interventions, and similar rates of maternal and early perinatal morbidity and mortality
compared to
planned hospital
planned hospital
birth.
More
planned home births had 5 - minute Apgar score less than 4 (0.37 %)
compared with hospital
births (0.24 %; adjusted OR, 1.87; 95 % CI: 1.36 to 2.58) and neonatal seizure (0.06 % versus 0.02 %, respectively; adjusted OR, 3.08; 95 % CI: 1.44 to 6.58).
These investigators examined outcomes that were associated with
planned home compared with hospital
births.
Jane Sandall was and is principal investigator for two studies evaluating models of midwife - led continuity of care (Sandall 2001), and co-investigator on the «Birthplace in England Research Programme», an integrated programme of research designed to
compare outcomes of
births for women
planned at
home, in different types of midwifery units, and in hospital units with obstetric services.
Women and their partners should be advised that the risk of PPH is higher among
births planned to take place in hospital
compared to
births planned to take place at
home, but that further research is needed to understand (a) whether the same pattern applies to the more life - threatening categories of PPH, and (b) why hospital
birth is associated with increased odds of PPH.
They
compared them to
planned hospital
births attended by registered midwives or physicians in which the mothers met the criteria for
home birth.