Sentences with phrase «plant cells called»

Not exact matches

Read this AWESOME article on new research that shows a compound in plants called apigenin could stop breast cancer cells from becoming resistant to cell death.

Our research enhances the traditional understanding of the plant defense system and describes a new concept describing how plants protect themselves against the pathogens that grow in the space outside plant cells (the apoplast)-- a new concept called effector - triggered defense or ETD.»

The compound, called gavinone in honor of its codiscoverer, is produced when cellulose, the sugar that makes up the cell walls of all plants, burns.

These include a plant - produced chemical called resveratrol, which spurs cells to increase production of sirtuins, the proteins that promote cell survival.

Looking for plants that tolerate stress Inside the cells of a corn plant, tiny molecules called RNA relay messages to help with cell activity.

A key feature of STB is the long symptomless growth of the fungus — called Zymoseptoria tritici — which can affect the host plant's cells before it switches to the visible disease phase that eventually destroys the plant's leaves.

The Grieneisen lab uses the reference plant Arabidopsis and computer models to focus on the misshapen misfits called pavement cells that make up the surface of plant leaves.

Similarly, the enzyme RNase T2, which breaks down a material called RNA in insect cells to produce food for plants, had multiple evolutionarily convergent amino acid substitutions in C. follicularis and a common ancestor of N. alata and D. adelae.

The algae, called chlorella, are green single - celled plants which are abundant in nature.

But in the past decade, they have learned that bumps on trees called galls are the result of conjugation between soil bacteria and plant cells, and they've seen Escherichia coli mate with yeast in the lab.

Plant and animal tissues start off as immature cells called stem cells.

Only some of the plant's 30,000 genes are active in a given root cell at a given time, thanks to proteins called transcription factors that turn genes on and off as needed.

At various times, it has been proposed that they could have been plants, fungi, colonies of single - celled organisms or, according to the trace fossil expert Adolf Seilacher, a «lost kingdom» called Vendobionta.

In the second method, called «biolistics», the foreign DNA is coated on tiny beads of metal that are fired into the plant cells.

The researchers focused on the secondary cell walls in a type of plant tissue called xylem from the Arabidopsis plant's roots.

Plant growth and development depend on structures called meristems — reservoirs in plants that contain stem cells.

The machine, called a continuous cell concentration device, could make it possible to routinely analyze food or water samples to screen for pathogens within a single work shift at food processing plants.

When colonising a plant, the beneficial fungus blooms within individual plant cells, growing thin tendrils called hyphae that extend into surrounding soil and pump minerals and nutrients straight into the heart of plant cells.

Approximately 2 billion years ago, complex eukaryotic cells, which make up animals, plants and fungi, split from smaller, simpler cells called prokaryotes.

The bacteria, called Rhizobium, enter the root cells of young plants and trigger the formation of nodules to house the bacteria, he explained.

Two new genes, for example, allow for the formation of water - conducting cells called vessel elements that are not found in nonflowering seed plants.

Working with human retina cells, the researchers tweaked Plk4 so that it would be sent to cellular trash cans whenever they gave the cells a plant hormone called auxin.

For instance in Mahonia or Oregon grape — it's a plant from the Pacific Northwest — there is one compound called hydnocarpin that will kill [a] certain type of bacteria, but the bacteria develops a resistance where it evolves this pump to remove the hydnocarpinfrom its cells and it's no longer toxic; and then it turns out that the Oregon grape also has this other compound called berberine which stops that pump from working, so it's only in combination [that] these two compounds in that plant will actually still kill the bacteria.

In their earlier work, the Halle lab already proved that the bacteria introduce numerous harmful proteins, so - called effectors, into plant cells via a specialised secretion system which works like a molecular syringe.

A green alga with throat - and stomach - like structures can swallow and digest bacteria when deprived of light, further bolstering Lynn Margulis's widely accepted idea that the origin of the plant - powering chloroplast was a fortuitous bout of indigestion.Termed «Endosymbiotic Theory», the idea is that early nucleated cells called eukaryotes ate bacteria that managed to escape digestion but also couldn't escape their captors.

The answer is by controlling the distribution of a plant hormone called auxin, which determines the rate at which plant cells divide and lengthen.

Research in the Rose lab is focused on understanding the biological importance of the structural polymers that form plant cell walls, as well as the water resistant barrier, called the cuticle (the plant «skin»), which covers the above ground surfaces of land plants.

This response is called effector - triggered immunity, or ETI, and ultimately results in the plant killing off its own affected cells to prevent the bacteria from replicating and spreading.

Susan Amara, USA - «Regulation of transporter function and trafficking by amphetamines, Structure - function relationships in excitatory amino acid transporters (EAATs), Modulation of dopamine transporters (DAT) by GPCRs, Genetics and functional analyses of human trace amine receptors» Tom I. Bonner, USA (Past Core Member)- Genomics, G protein coupled receptors Michel Bouvier, Canada - Molecular Pharmacology of G protein - Coupled Receptors; Molecular mechanisms controlling the selectivity and efficacy of GPCR signalling Thomas Burris, USA - Nuclear Receptor Pharmacology and Drug Discovery William A. Catterall, USA (Past Core Member)- The Molecular Basis of Electrical Excitability Steven Charlton, UK - Molecular Pharmacology and Drug Discovery Moses Chao, USA - Mechanisms of Neurotophin Receptor Signaling Mark Coles, UK - Cellular differentiation, human embryonic stem cells, stromal cells, haematopoietic stem cells, organogenesis, lymphoid microenvironments, develomental immunology Steven L. Colletti, USA Graham L Collingridge, UK Philippe Delerive, France - Metabolic Research (diabetes, obesity, non-alcoholic fatty liver, cardio - vascular diseases, nuclear hormone receptor, GPCRs, kinases) Sir Colin T. Dollery, UK (Founder and Past Core Member) Richard M. Eglen, UK Stephen M. Foord, UK David Gloriam, Denmark - GPCRs, databases, computational drug design, orphan recetpors Gillian Gray, UK Debbie Hay, New Zealand - G protein - coupled receptors, peptide receptors, CGRP, Amylin, Adrenomedullin, Migraine, Diabetes / obesity Allyn C. Howlett, USA Franz Hofmann, Germany - Voltage dependent calcium channels and the positive inotropic effect of beta adrenergic stimulation; cardiovascular function of cGMP protein kinase Yu Huang, Hong Kong - Endothelial and Metabolic Dysfunction, and Novel Biomarkers in Diabetes, Hypertension, Dyslipidemia and Estrogen Deficiency, Endothelium - derived Contracting Factors in the Regulation of Vascular Tone, Adipose Tissue Regulation of Vascular Function in Obesity, Diabetes and Hypertension, Pharmacological Characterization of New Anti-diabetic and Anti-hypertensive Drugs, Hypotensive and antioxidant Actions of Biologically Active Components of Traditional Chinese Herbs and Natural Plants including Polypehnols and Ginsenosides Adriaan P. IJzerman, The Netherlands - G protein - coupled receptors; allosteric modulation; binding kinetics Michael F Jarvis, USA - Purines and Purinergic Receptors and Voltage-gated ion channel (sodium and calcium) pharmacology Pain mechanisms Research Reproducibility Bong - Kiun Kaang, Korea - G protein - coupled receptors; Glutamate receptors; Neuropsychiatric disorders Eamonn Kelly, Prof, UK - Molecular Pharmacology of G protein - coupled receptors, in particular opioid receptors, regulation of GPCRs by kinasis and arrestins Terry Kenakin, USA - Drug receptor pharmacodynamics, receptor theory Janos Kiss, Hungary - Neurodegenerative disorders, Alzheimer's disease Stefan Knapp, Germany - Rational design of highly selective inhibitors (so call chemical probes) targeting protein kinases as well as protein interaction inhibitors of the bromodomain family Andrew Knight, UK Chris Langmead, Australia - Drug discovery, GPCRs, neuroscience and analytical pharmacology Vincent Laudet, France (Past Core Member)- Evolution of the Nuclear Receptor / Ligand couple Margaret R. MacLean, UK - Serotonin, endothelin, estrogen, microRNAs and pulmonary hyperten Neil Marrion, UK - Calcium - activated potassium channels, neuronal excitability Fiona Marshall, UK - GPCR molecular pharmacology, structure and drug discovery Alistair Mathie, UK - Ion channel structure, function and regulation, pain and the nervous system Ian McGrath, UK - Adrenoceptors; autonomic transmission; vascular pharmacology Graeme Milligan, UK - Structure, function and regulation of G protein - coupled receptors Richard Neubig, USA (Past Core Member)- G protein signaling; academic drug discovery Stefan Offermanns, Germany - G protein - coupled receptors, vascular / metabolic signaling Richard Olsen, USA - Structure and function of GABA - A receptors; mode of action of GABAergic drugs including general anesthetics and ethanol Jean - Philippe Pin, France (Past Core Member)- GPCR - mGLuR - GABAB - structure function relationship - pharmacology - biophysics Helgi Schiöth, Sweden David Searls, USA - Bioinformatics Graeme Semple, USA - GPCR Medicinal Chemistry Patrick M. Sexton, Australia - G protein - coupled receptors Roland Staal, USA - Microglia and neuroinflammation in neuropathic pain and neurological disorders Bart Staels, France - Nuclear receptor signaling in metabolic and cardiovascular diseases Katerina Tiligada, Greece - Immunopharmacology, histamine, histamine receptors, hypersensitivity, drug allergy, inflammation Georg Terstappen, Germany - Drug discovery for neurodegenerative diseases with a focus on AD Mary Vore, USA - Activity and regulation of expression and function of the ATP - binding cassette (ABC) transporters

At the growing tip of plants sits a reservoir for stem cells, called the meristem, from which new organs, such as leaves, arise.

The organizers of the project, called GP - write (for work in model organisms and plants) or sometimes HGP - write (for work in human cell lines), envision it as a successor to the Human Genome Project (retroactively termed HGP - read), which 25 years ago promoted rapid advances in DNA sequencing technology.

IF can even help you age more gracefully via a gene called sirtuin (SIRT1) that protects your mitochondria, those little energy plants within your cells.

Simply put, inside our cells, we have tiny organisms called mitochondria which work like tiny power plants to produce energy.

Read this AWESOME article on new research that shows a compound in plants called apigenin could stop breast cancer cells from becoming resistant to cell death.

Responsible for this are the small power plants in our cells, called mitochondria.

Most of your cells contain components called mitochondria, often referred to as the cell's «power plant.»

Plant estrogens, are rich in hormone - modulating factors called phytoestrogens, many of which can actually help reduce harmful estrogen activity in the body, particularly related to reducing the growth and spread of cancer cells.

Plant chemicals called phytochemicals can reduce inflammation and eliminate carcinogens, while others regulate the rate at which your cells reproduce, get rid of old cells and maintain DNA.

The new findings suggest that GLRs rely on another group of proteins, called «cornichon» proteins, to shuttle GLRs to different locations in plant cells and to regulate activity of the protein within each cell.

Starch that is included in a plant cell wall and thus physically inaccessible to Î ± - amylase is called RS1.

Plants evolved a specific energy factory within their cells called a chloroplast, whose function is to capture light for energy, and to create tryptophan.

All part of the same species of plant, the Allium species, which contain sulfur compounds that can cause stomach irritation and can result in damage to red blood cells causing anemia, the condition is called Heinz body hemolytic anemia, which can also be referred to as Allium poisoning.

Plants transport water in pipe - like structures made of dead and empty cells within a vascular tissue called xylem.

The design uses an innovative process called «DIY agronomy tissue culture», which relies on cell cultures to grow plants rather than seeds and cuttings.