Sentences with phrase «plasma membrane v»

On the other hand, we focus on in vivo / in situ studies using the yeast V - ATPase in the vacuolar membrane as well as the insect plasma membrane V - ATPase.

We choose this comparative approach because in contrast to yeast, where the active, assembled holoenzyme in the vacuolar membrane is the default state, the insect plasma membrane V - ATPase is normally inactive and is activated by hormone - induced reassembly.

Decreased amounts of the lipid family of phosphoinositides (PIPs) in the plasma membrane have been shown to cause cytokinesis defects.

Not exact matches

SV = Secretory vesicle; RER = Rough endoplasmic reticulum; BM = Basement membrane; MFG = Milk fat globule; CLD = Cytoplasmic lipid droplet; N = Nucleus; PC = Plasma cell; FDA = Fat - depleted adipocyte; TJ = Tight junction; GJ = Gap junction; D = Desmosome; ME = Myoepithelial cell.

However, when the plasma membrane elongates due to fusion of membrane vesicles, there have been questions about how polarity markers are maintained without being scattered over the elongated plasma membrane.

It has been found that the establishment and maintenance of polarity is governed by the interdependent relationship between the polarity marker protein on the plasma membrane (cell membrane), actin, the microtubule cytoskeleton, and membrane vesicle transport.

In the final step in bacterial cell division, constriction of the so - called Z - ring, an annular structure that forms on the plasma membrane near the midpoint of the cell, gives rise to the two daughter cells: A research team led by Erwin Frey, who holds the Chair of Statistical and Biological Physics at LMU, has now used mathematical modelling to understand the mechanism that drives formation of the Z - ring, and in so doing have uncovered a novel class of pattern - forming mechanism in biological systems.

Lipid rafts are specialized regions of the plasma membrane that have been shown to inhibit the cAMP - generating cascade.

Because certain cell secretion pathways have been suggested to be required for this process, University of Buenos Aires researcher Matías Ostrowski and colleagues investigated whether a role might be played by Rab27a, a protein that guides delivery of membrane - bound compartments called endosomes to the plasma membrane.

They can be localized within or on cellular plasma membranes and have low cytotoxicity when interfaced with experimental brain systems.

Proteomic identification of protein targets for 15 - deoxy - d - prostaglandin j (2) in neuronal plasma membrane.

For the type I interferon (IFN) receptor (IFNAR) as a paradigm for functional plasticity, we have, within the first funding period, established single molecule imaging techniques for monitoring receptor assembly and dynamics in the plasma membrane of living cells.

The Freiburg team of Shastri, Dr. Shengnan Xiang and Dr. Melika Sarem, have now discovered that liposomes — nanoscale vesicles of lipid molecules encompassing an aqueous core — can be used to alter the stiffness of the cell plasma membrane through lipid transfer.

A research team led by Prof. Dr. Prasad Shastri at the University of Freiburg has shown that the stiffness of the cancer cell plasma membrane affects how nanoparticles are internalized, and this process can be enhanced when the cell plasma membrane stiffness is increased.

We have shown that the ubiquitous clathrin heavy chain (CHC), well characterized for its role in intracellular membrane traffic and endocytosis from the plasma membrane (PM), forms large plaques connected to α - actinin and actin filaments.

It is then possible that we have failed to detect low levels of Aβ or APP at plasma membrane locations.

In particular, he characterized the first synaptic vesicle membrane associated protein, v - SNARE or VAMP, and the first plasma membrane associated target proteins, t - SNAREs or syntaxin and SNAP - 25.

Richard Scheller has used a combination of biochemistry, molecular biology, and cell biology to identify several key synaptic vesicle and plasma membrane proteins involved in fusion of the neurotransmitter - containing vesicles with the membrane of the presynaptic terminal.

Remarkably he found that these proteins, when exposed to brain extracts, formed a complex with the vesicle protein VAMP and two plasma membrane proteins, syntaxin and SNAP - 25, precisely the proteins that Scheller had identified earlier.

She has explored how Rab GTPases are activated and now she is investigating a protein complex that synthesizes phosphatidyl inositol 4 - phosphate, a plasma membrane marker.

«A whole generation of cancer investigators, including me, has been taught that PTEN performs its crucial role at the plasma membrane, which is what separates the inside of cells from the outside environment» Trotman explains.

A host of endocytic processes has been described at the plasma membrane of eukaryotic cells.

Previous studies have shown that toxin molecules cluster on the plasma membrane, despite the apparent lack of direct interactions between them.

Although some proteins use clathrin to traverse the endosome en route to the plasma membrane, others do not, and, until now, the general view has been that the direct path out of the trans - Golgi network (TGN) may involve tubular carriers formed without the intervention of coat proteins.

Rothman immediately realised the importance of the result, and proposed the «SNARE hypothesis» for vesicle transport and exocytosis as a general process in all cell types: vesicle proteins specifically bind to target proteins in the plasma membrane to form a «v - t» complex which is necessary for vesicle and membrane fusion to proceed.

Endosomes are the main organelles for sorting material that has been taken up from the exterior of the cell by the plasma membrane (endocytosis).

«If one protein is present in the nucleus but also in the plasma membrane, it might have different functions in those compartments.»

Aβ is believed to penetrate neuronal plasma membranes, where it leads to lipid peroxidation.10 It has also been implicated in deactivating a subunit of the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex, thereby inhibiting conversion of pyruvate to acetyl CoA and the eventual production of cellular energy as ATP.32 Another way Aβ affects glucose metabolism in the brain is that fragments of Aβ disrupt insulin signaling by binding to neuronal synapses, which alters their shape and function.15, 38 Insulin receptors are abundant at synapses, so if the integrity of the synapse itself has been compromised, the receptors won't function effectively.

Using Kerpoof multimedia software, students draw and label parts of the plasma membrane, view videos and research information on the Internet, and complete a worksheet that Donnelly has created to accompany the lesson.