Sentences with phrase «polar orbiting satellite»

The ice coverage has been documented since 1973 by means of passive microwave sensors on polar orbiting satellite.

Thus the Reynolds and Smith (1994) and Smith et al. (1996) data, which incorporate polar orbiting satellite temperatures, utilise skin temperatures that have been adjusted to estimate bulk SST values through a calibration procedure.

The UKMO series (as in Figure 2.5 a) does not include polar orbiting satellite data because of possible time - varying biases in them that remain difficult to correct fully (Reynolds, 1993) though the NCEP (National Centers for Environmental Prediction) data (adapted from Smith et al., 1996 and Reynolds and Smith, 1994), starting in 1950, do include satellite data after 1981.

GeoEye's IKONOS, currently its premier satellite, provides resolution at better than one meter, but the company plans this August to launch GeoEye - 1, a polar orbiting satellite equipped with a camera that can capture up to 700,000 square kilometers of black - and - white and 350,000 square kilometers of color imagery a day.

Current polar orbiting satellites can only provide a single snapshot of carbon dioxide uptake and water release each day, at the same time of day, so scientists have to estimate how that one - time snapshot translates over the course of the entire day.

So either get some decent ground stations — and place them to remove the urban / rural heating problem (which means controlling vegetation for miles around) and / or get some polar orbiting satellites so we have 100 % satellite coverage OR satellites + detailed accurate measurements of part of the global to act as a reference calibration area to improve accuracy of satellites.

Unprecedented views of surface wind and wave fields in storms are now provided by microwave sensors on - board polar orbiting satellites.

EUMETSAT operates four geostationary Meteosat spacecraft which provide frequent observations vital for severe weather warnings, and two Metop polar orbiting satellites which supply a unique wealth of ocean, land and atmospheric parameters essential for forecasting high impact weather up to 10 days in advance.

One of the authors of the Monaghan et al. group had previously examined trends in temperature «inferred from skin temperatures from Advanced Very Hi - Res» Radiometer (AVHRR) instruments on polar orbiting satellites» and found «a statistically insignificant cooling trend over continental Antarctica from 1982 to 1998.»

The RSS SSM / I geophysical dataset consists of data derived from observations collected by SSM / I instruments carried onboard the DMSP series of polar orbiting satellites.

Satellite data from the HIRS instruments on the NOAA polar orbiting satellites tend («sort of», only in the tropics, and only for part of the time) to support the climate model story.

Gavin, the methanetracker.org website says this: «All the methane emissions measurements come from the Infrared Atmospheric Sounding Interferometer (IASI) instrument, aboard of the MetOp series of polar orbiting satellites of the European Space Agency (ESA).

Since 1978 microwave sounding units (MSUs) on National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration polar orbiting satellites have measured the intensity of upwelling microwave radiation from atmospheric oxygen, which is related to the temperature of broad vertical layers of the atmosphere.

From 1979 to 2005 the microwave sounding units (MSUs) and since 1998 the Advanced Microwave Sounding Units on NOAA polar orbiting satellites have measured the intensity of upwelling microwave radiation from atmospheric oxygen.

Not exact matches

These small and relatively inexpensive satellites are in polar orbit and rotate around the earth every 90 minutes at an altitude of approximately 800 km.

Meteorologists have also struggled to incorporate measurements of cloudy areas taken by polar - orbiting satellites.

Scientists currently can't use much of the information collected by geostationary satellites, which sit above a particular location on Earth, and polar - orbiting satellites, which swing around the planet's poles.

The data to assess sea - ice coverage come from polar - orbiting satellites carrying passive - microwave sensors that can see through clouds.

After Jansen's 2015 paper, a U.K. - led group called Project MIDAS began keeping close track of the rift, aided by new data delivered every six days from a pair of European polar - orbiting satellites known as Sentinel - 1.

Many reconnaissance satellites follow a north - south path — known as a polar orbit — that allows them to view the entire Earth every day.

The language notes that NOAA's mission for polar orbiting weather satellites «continues on a tenuous path.»

Monitoring weather requires two types of satellites: geostationary and polar - orbiting.

In April 2011, five days before a powerful storm system tore through six southern states, NOAA's current polar - orbiting satellites provided data that, when fed into models, prompted the NOAA Storm Prediction Center to forecast «a potentially historic tornado outbreak.»

She has also led the agency's work to prepare for a probable gap in data from the series of polar - orbiting satellites that feed observations to NOAA's computer weather models.

Stuart Clark describes how a superfluid Bose - Einstein state of dark matter particles might explain the streams of dwarf satellite galaxies in polar orbit around the Milky Way and Andromeda galaxies (2 April, p 30).

And polar - orbiting satellites are designed to cross the same spot at the same time each day, which is important for tracking changes in cloud cover — but over time, the satellites may drift in their orbits as they run low on fuel, arriving a bit later each day.

Congress also preserved funding for a polar - orbiting satellite program that was targeted for deep cuts by the Administration.

The PFO program is made up of two new polar orbiting weather satellites (JPSS - 3 and JPSS - 4) that will ensure continuity of data.

To monitor the Earth's vast, remote expanses of polar ice, scientists rely on observations taken by orbiting satellites.

Built by Airbus, MetOp - C is the last of the first generation of EUMETSAT Polar System (EPS) series of three polar - orbiting satellites, and is planned to be launched on September 18, 2018, from European Space Center in Kourou, French Guyana, aboard a Soyuz rocket.

The mission was to launch the Glory satellite into a polar orbit, where three key instruments would have been looking at solar irradiance, aerosols and clouds.

I was thinking instead perhaps more easily controlled polar - orbit satellites might be used, which would rotate with some fixed ratio to their orbital period, casting greater shadows at higher latitudes... or some other arrangment... for a targetted offset polar amplification of AGW especially and in particular perhaps avoiding the reduction in precipitation that can be caused by SW - radiation - based «GE» (although aerosols that actually absorb some SW in the troposphere while shielding the surface would have the worst effect in that way, I'd think)... strategic distribution of solar shading has been suggested with precipitation effects in mind, such as here... sorry, I don't have the link (I'm sure I saved it, just as Steve Fish would suggest — but where?).

For this purpose — combined with a couple other programs — we took ice - based measurements that were then overflown by various aircraft with downward looking sensors, which in turn flew missions beneath the polar - orbiting satellite track.

Since then, raw images from an international network of operational geostationary and polar - orbiting meteorological satellites have been routinely processed to develop a global data set of calibrated radiances and derived cloud parameters for climate research.

The satellites carrying these sensors fly in near - polar orbits (see the Catalog of Earth Satellite Orbits for more informaorbits (see the Catalog of Earth Satellite Orbits for more informaOrbits for more information).

Since December 1978, the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's polar - orbiting satellites have measured upwelling microwave radiation from atmospheric oxygen, and Spencer and Christy use this data to calculate the temperature of broad volumes of the atmosphere.

The OSI SAF currently use data from meteorological satellites both in geostationary and polar orbit.

The two satellites are in a polar orbit with an inclination of about 82 degrees and operates 3 distinct instruments: a radar altimeter; an imaging spectrometer; and an infrared radiometer.

The polar - orbiting Nimbus 5 satellite, launched in 1972, yielded the earliest all - weather, all - season imagery of global sea ice, using microwave instruments (Parkinson et al., 1987), and enabled a major advance in the scientific understanding of the dynamics of the cryosphere.

Many of the satellites in NASA's Earth Observing System have a nearly polar orbit.

He says that if the baseline is 1973, when the polar - orbiting satellites began recording the data, there is not much difference between today's ice extent and then.

This dataset is an intercalibration of irradiance measurements from a fleet of geostationary and polar orbiting weather satellites, operational since 1983.

There are currently two MODIS instruments, on - board the NASA Terra and Aqua polar - orbiting satellites, operating in 36 spectral channels.

Temperature sounding microwave radiometers flown on polar - orbiting weather satellites provide a long - term, global - scale record of upper - atmosphere temperatures, beginning in late 1978 and continuing to the present.

«Scientists face many challenges when attempting to produce data with long - term stability from sequentially launched, polar - orbiting satellites whose original missions were to support operational forecasting.

Starting in late 1978, nine polar - orbiting satellites carried identical copies of the MSU to measure atmospheric temperatures.

GRACE consists of twin co-orbiting satellites that fly in a near polar orbit separated by a distance of 220 km.

The launch was primarily designed to bring the PAZ satellite to orbit (which was deployed as planned into a low Earth, sun - synchronous polar orbit), a satellite for a Spanish customer that's designed to provide geocommunications and radar imaging for both government and private commercial customers.