Variations in
polar sea ice on short time scales, up or down, are essentially meaningless, my contacts studying the cryosphere always stress.
Not exact matches
False assumptions
on starvation «Unless you've been living under a rock the last few decades, you're aware that Arctic
Sea ice is melting, and that this is potentially bad news for
polar bears,» she said, adding that until now, the prevailing belief has been that «energy from food
on land is largely inconsequential.»
Nineteen separate
polar bear populations live throughout the Arctic, spending their winters and springs roaming
on sea ice and hunting.
One «growing phenomenon in the Arctic [is]
polar bears foraging
on land as their primary habitat,
sea ice, retreats,» Kintisch writes, which makes field work even more dangerous, and difficult, than it would be otherwise.
At a hamlet
on the southern end of Ellesmere called Grise Fiord, whose Inuit name means «the place that never thaws out,» the Inuit have watched the
sea ice that supports their traditional seal,
polar bear and whale hunting decrease every year.
«Billions of juvenile fish under the Arctic
sea ice: New under -
ice net used in large - scale study
on the prevalence of
polar cod at the
ice underside.»
The negative impacts of warmer winters may be less evident in Nordic countries than in places like Alaska, where people and animals like
polar bears and seals are more dependent
on the presence of
sea ice, according to Serreze.
«When the
sea ice melts, juvenile
polar cod may go hungry: Biologists confirm how heavily the fish depend
on ice algae.»
«When we look forward several decades, climate models predict such profound loss of Arctic
sea ice that there's little doubt this will negatively affect
polar bears throughout much of their range, because of their critical dependence
on sea ice,» said Kristin Laidre, a researcher at the University of Washington's
Polar Science Center in Seattle and co-author of a study
on projections of the global
polar bear population.
The U.S. Department of the Interior Wednesday listed the
polar bear as a threatened species under the Endangered Species Act (ESA) of 1973 based
on evidence that the animal's
sea ice habitat is shrinking and is likely to continue to do so over the next several decades.
«With most [species], we can identify a localized threat, but the threat to the
polar bear comes from global influences
on sea ice.»
In some parts of the Arctic,
sea ice loss is causing
polar bears to spend longer periods
on shore each summer.
«
On short time scales, we can have variable responses to the loss of
sea ice among subpopulations of
polar bears,» Laidre said.
The decision was based
on evidence that
sea ice is vital for
polar bear survival, that this
sea ice habitat has been reduced, and that this process is likely to continue; if something is not done to change this situation, the
polar bear will be extinct within 45 years, Kempthorne said.
«For example, in some parts of the Arctic, such as the Chukchi
Sea,
polar bears appear healthy, fat and reproducing well — this may be because this area is very ecologically productive, so you can lose some
ice before seeing negative effects
on bears.
U.S. District Court Judge Claudia Wilken in Oakland, Calif.,
on April 29 ordered the Bush administration to stop dragging its feet
on the fate of
polar bears and decide by May 15 whether declining
sea ice in the Arctic threatens their existence.
IT WILL be little consolation to hungry
polar bears in northern Manitoba, Canada, who have had to wait weeks longer than usual for
sea ice to form
on Hudson Bay, but their habitat is not irreversibly doomed.
The researchers found that between 1985 and 1994, 62 % of
polar bear dens were built
on sea ice — but that number dropped to 37 % between 1998 and 2004.
Starting next week, NASA's Operation IceBridge, an airborne survey of
polar ice, will be carrying science flights over
sea ice in the Arctic, to help validate satellite readings and provide insight into the impact of the summer melt season
on land and
sea ice.
In the San Francisco Bay area,
sea level rise alone could inundate an area of between 50 and 410 square kilometres by 2100, depending both
on how much action is taken to limit further global warming and how fast the
polar ice sheets melt.
Discussions about the consequences of the vanishing
ice usually focus either
on the opening up of new frontiers for shipping and mineral exploitation, or
on the plight of
polar bears, which rely
on sea ice for...
«When we think of climate change having an impact
on a mammal species, what comes to mind most immediately is an Arctic animal like the
polar bear, which depends
on sea ice to survive,» Helgen said.
Many of the projected effects of climate change
on the world's oceans are already visible, such as melting
polar ice caps and rising
sea levels.
Global warming has caused big problems for
polar bears, which depend
on sea ice for access to the ocean so they can hunt seals and other prey.
As
sea ice disappears,
polar bears are being forced to hunt more
on land, which brings them into conflict with humans and increases contact with brown bears.
As a result of atmospheric patterns that both warmed the air and reduced cloud cover as well as increased residual heat in newly exposed ocean waters, such melting helped open the fabled Northwest Passage for the first time [see photo] this summer and presaged tough times for
polar bears and other Arctic animals that rely
on sea ice to survive, according to the U.S. Geological Survey.
Some species win, others don't Meanwhile, the loss of
sea ice is making life harder for some marine animals, including
polar bears and walruses, that rely
on sea ice to hunt, breed and rear their young.
The researchers reached that conclusion by capturing more than two dozen
polar bears, implanting temperature loggers and tracking their subsequent movements
on shore and
on ice in the Arctic Ocean's Beaufort
Sea, north of Alaska and Canada, during 2008 - 2010.
A new review analyzing three decades of research
on the historic effects of melting
polar ice sheets found that global
sea levels have risen at least six meters, or about 20 feet, above present levels
on multiple occasions over the past three million years.
ESA's original mission to measure changes in
ice sheets and
sea ice in Earth's
polar regions failed
on October 8, 2005, when a software problem caused the commercial launch rocket to fail.
Because Kaktovik's
polar bears seem especially susceptible to the Arctic's shrinking
sea ice, researchers are concerned they may start relying more heavily
on nutrient - poor food from land.
Before the melt, when they were hunting
on stable
sea ice, the
polar bears had a big advantage over their favoured prey.
Reductions in
sea ice in the Arctic have a clear impact
on animals such as
polar bears that rely
on frozen surfaces for feeding, mating and migrating.
«This paper ties it all together and shows a very clear relationship between the disappearance of
sea ice and increasing predation intensity
on seabirds,» says Andrew Derocher, a
polar bear specialist and Arctic ecologist at the University of Alberta in Edmonton, Canada.
Scientists are testing out a drone that could better map
sea ice on a daily basis, and follow
polar bear movements
On its own, sea level rise could inundate between 50 and 410 square kilometres of this area by 2100, depending on how much is done to limit further global warming and how fast the polar ice sheets mel
On its own,
sea level rise could inundate between 50 and 410 square kilometres of this area by 2100, depending
on how much is done to limit further global warming and how fast the polar ice sheets mel
on how much is done to limit further global warming and how fast the
polar ice sheets melt.
Bacteria, however, have remained Earth's most successful form of life — found miles deep below as well as within and
on surface rock, within and beneath the oceans and
polar ice, floating in the air, and within as well as
on Homo sapiens sapiens; and some Arctic thermophiles apparently even have life - cycle hibernation periods of up to a 100 million years while waiting for warmer conditions underneath increasing layers of
sea sediments (Lewis Dartnell, New Scientist, September 20, 2010; and Hubert et al, 2010).
Impact of
ice melt
on storms Freshwater injection onto the North Atlantic and Southern Oceans causes increase of
sea level pressure at middle latitudes and decrease at
polar latitudes.
a) Satellite image showing fast disintegration of
sea ice over a
polar continental shelf; b) Zoobenthos
on an Antarctic continental shelf; c) Examples of
sea mosses (specimens
on the left are from an open - water location and hence have had more plankton to feed
on); and d) Dead bryozoan and other benthic skeletons covering the seabed, most likely to be buried, sequestering their blue carbon in the seabed.
* Here, focusing
on Arctic
sea ice and
polar bears, we show that blogs that deny or downplay AGW disregard the overwhelming scientific evidence of Arctic
sea -
ice loss and
polar bear vulnerability.
Current studies include the exploration of Arctic deep -
sea life under the
ice, and the long - term observation of the effects of global warming
on polar ecosystems as well as
on hypoxic aquatic ecosystems.
Because they depend
on sea ice to hunt seals, the
polar bear is considered threatened as global warming melts and thins
ice in this region.
Locally, declining
sea ice is affecting the feeding and migration patterns of
polar bears, whales, walrus and seals, and the people who live in the Arctic and rely
on seasonal
ice for their livelihoods.
Reading Robert Pondiscio's recent article («The Left's drive to push conservatives out of education reform») calls to mind Al Gore's «An Inconvenient Truth» and its powerful image of a
polar bear drifting helplessly
on a shrinking sheet of
ice in a warming
sea.
On the other hand, during those periods between widespread glaciation, the water had melted from the
ice sheets and
polar areas, flowed, back into the oceans and
sea level was as high or higher than now.
Today, if just the current Ross
Ice Shelf of Antarctica melted, it is estimated that sea level would rise 20 to 251 If we melted all of the ice on Greenland, the North polar areas and the Antarctic in addition, sea level could rise 300» or
Ice Shelf of Antarctica melted, it is estimated that
sea level would rise 20 to 251 If we melted all of the
ice on Greenland, the North polar areas and the Antarctic in addition, sea level could rise 300» or
ice on Greenland, the North
polar areas and the Antarctic in addition,
sea level could rise 300» or so.
★ Mika Rottenberg: «Bowls Balls Souls Holes» (through June 14) The centerpiece of this show, a delirious, 28 - minute video called «Bowls Balls Souls Holes,» takes viewers
on a mind - blowing trip through time and space, from a Harlem bingo parlor to melting
ice in a
polar sea and from a seedy urban hotel to the subterranean depths of a parallel universe.
At a time when melting
polar sea ice is causing so many to focus
on which political power will place its flag over the Arctic, controlling the Northwest Passage shipping lanes and the petroleum resources beneath the
sea ice, Miami artist Xavier Cortada has developed a project that engages people across the world below to plant a green flag and native tree to help address global climate change.
Her work showed that
polar bears, while best known for their life at
sea or
on sea ice pursuing seals, have been able, at least in some circumstances, to gain significant nutrition
on land as well, scarfing down geese and goose eggs, grasses and other fare when
sea ice is in retreat.
Polar amplication is of global concern due to the potential effects of future warming
on ice sheet stability and, therefore, global
sea level (see Sections 5.6.1, 5.8.1 and Chapter 13) and carbon cycle feedbacks such as those linked with permafrost melting (see Chapter 6)... The magnitude of
polar amplification depends
on the relative strength and duration of different climate feedbacks, which determine the transient and equilibrium response to external forcings.