The impact of these fluxes on the AMOC was generally small compared to the effect of enhanced
poleward atmospheric moisture transport and ocean surface warming; or it was only noticeable in the most extreme scenarios.
The strong
poleward atmospheric heat and moisture transport may be one reason why the West Antarctic and Peninsula climate appears to be more strongly coupled with regional sea ice concentration and extent anomalies than does the East Antarctic (e.g. Jacobs and Comiso 1997; Weatherly et al. 1991).
As the ocean circulation takes up the role of transporting heat
poleward the atmospheric circulation spins down.
Their abstract says «energy budget calculations show that
poleward atmospheric energy transport increases more in solar forcing compared to equivalent CO2 forcing simulations, which is in line with the identified strong increase in large - scale precipitation in solar forcing scenarios.»
Not exact matches
As the air rises and moves
poleward, it dries, cools, sinks, and returns back to the surface completing this
atmospheric cycle both north and south of the equator.
This study found that associated with a
poleward shift of the subtropical jet in the North Pacific basin, the number of
atmospheric river days increases much more significantly in Alaska during spring because both increased moisture and increased wind speed gang up to increase the frequency of
atmospheric rivers.
On global vs. local, how about the global model prediction of a deepening and widening of the tropical
atmospheric circulation, which leads to the Hadley cell expansion and the projection of the dry zones expanding
polewards.
And no, there is no huge plunge in tropical or global surface air temperatures when the ocean circulation spins up because there is a near - compensating decrease in
poleward heat transport via the
atmospheric circulation.
RE # 11 The role of hurricanes in the
poleward heat transport immediately leads to the question, how is the
poleward heat transport divided between
atmospheric and oceanic routes?
Here we are talking about modification of
atmospheric circulation —
poleward expansion of the dry, descending portion of the Hadley Cell circulation by a few degrees, associated shifts in the jet stream.
I think it would be great if you did focus on the
atmospheric poleward expansion and some of its implications in another article.
Of course, there are plenty of negative feedbacks as well (the increase in long wave radiation as temperatures rise or the reduction in
atmospheric poleward heat flux as the equator - to - pole gradient decreases) and these (in the end) are dominant (having kept Earth's climate somewhere between boiling and freezing for about 4.5 billion years and counting).
Scientists say the record drought is due in part to the expansion of the Hadley Cell — the
atmospheric regions on both sides of the equator that circulates warm tropical air
poleward — which is known climate change signal.
There are also
poleward shifts in the vast
atmospheric patterns that control where rain falls.
Mechanistically,
atmospheric heating from black carbon and tropospheric ozone has occurred at the mid-latitudes, generating a
poleward shift of the tropospheric jet, thereby relocating the main division between tropical and temperate air masses.»
The Arctic surface air temperature is strongly effected by
atmospheric forcing and
atmospheric energy circulated
poleward which creates the Arctic Winter Warming and Sudden Stratospheric warming events.
Since cold air is more dense,
atmospheric pressure decreases more rapidly with height on the
poleward side of the polar front than on the warmer tropical side.
On the surface, it releases more heat than normal, which is carried
poleward by normal
atmospheric processes.
Theory and climate models indicate that the tropical overturning (Hadley)
atmospheric circulation expands
poleward with global warming [33].
The Arctic responds strongly through teleconnections controlling the rates of
poleward oceanic and
atmospheric heat transport.
The large scale
atmospheric circulation «cells» shift
polewards in warmer periods (for example, interglacials compared to glacials), but remain largely constant as they are, fundamentally, a property of the Earth's size, rotation rate, heating and
atmospheric depth, all of which change little.
The proximal cause of the precipitation deficits was the recurring
poleward deflection of the cool - season storm track by a region of persistently high
atmospheric pressure, which steered Pacific storms away from California over consecutive seasons (8 ⇓ ⇓ — 11).
A robust feature of the response of climate models to increases in
atmospheric concentrations of greenhouse gases is the
poleward retreat of terrestrial snow and sea ice, and the polar amplification of increases in lower - tropospheric temperature.
Through baroclinic instability, the potential energy associated with temperature gradients is converted into the energy in
atmospheric eddies that dominate the heat and angular momentum transport
poleward of the subsiding region of the Hadley cell.