This was the department's first public
policy on autonomy in weapons systems and the first policy by any country on fully autonomous weapons.
On 21 November 2012, the Department of Defense of the United States issued its first - ever
policy on autonomy in weapons systems, requiring that a human always be «in - the - loop» when decisions are made about using lethal force.
Not exact matches
Canada's digital privacy laws should focus
on preventing «concrete harm,» not abstract concepts of
autonomy and human dignity, and should minimize the compliance burden
on businesses, according to a new report from the Macdonald - Laurier Institute for Public
Policy.
The Localist parties also steer independent of the pro-establishment and pan-democracy camps, but unlike the Centrist parties — which accept negotiations with Beijing — the Localists view the
policies of the Chinese central government as an encroachment
on Hong Kong's
autonomy.
Central bank independence, or monetary
policy autonomy refers to a central bank's ability to conduct monetary
policy without political interference, that monetary
policy decisions are made purely based
on economic and financial conditions to achieve publicly - stated objective (s) of a central bank.
While conceding that there is «some basis» for concerns about «the negative social effects of globalization», it contends that it is «not true that globalization is an overwhelming supra - national force that has largely usurped national
policy autonomy...» It asserts that «national
policies can, and should, give priority to mitigating negative effects
on globalization» of financial markets), and the desperate and helpless attempts by the national regimes to come to grips with the soaring unemployment situation in the face of the continuing onslaught of the «supra - national» financial markets, the above bland assertion about «national
policies» has an air of unreality about it.
The counterintuitive solution being talked about most
on the Scottish Labour left in the case of a Corbyn victory is to demand full
autonomy from a Corbyn - run UK party, and to use a newly empowered conference (alongside new
policy - making bodies soon to be established in Unite and potentially in other unions) to restate the socialist aims of the party.
«The education
policies of the previous Coalition Government, continued by this one, premised
on extensive and excessive
autonomy for schools and the obsessive pursuit of deregulation, have rapidly increased covert selection, often targeted at pupils from materially deprived backgrounds.
During the European parliamentary campaign of 2014 party Co-President András Schiffer described LMP as having a pronounced pro-integration position
on environmental, wage and labour
policy however, as supporting member state
autonomy on the self - determination of local communities concerning land resources.
«Any state or customs territory having full
autonomy in the conduct of its trade
policies may become a member («accede to») the WTO, but all WTO members must agree
on the terms.
«The abolition of national guidance
on school charging
policies and increasing
autonomy for schools has allowed schools to charge for educational activities which were previously free.
[1] The Scotsman's Euan McColm wrote that although Lamont was given greater
autonomy over Labour in Scotland, her Westminster colleagues «restrained» her attempts to develop a devolution
policy, and her debate
on universal benefits resulted in the SNP portraying her as «a politician dedicated to seizing from the people that which was rightfully theirs».
Existing literature
on infectious disease
policy, ethics, and law, outside the context of genomics, describes the potential for stigmatization of individuals or subpopulations, the challenge of balancing individual interests and protections (for example, privacy,
autonomy, freedom of movement) against risks of harm to others and to public health, issues of justice, and employer or health professional obligations [27], [28].
The
autonomy of African states
on seed
policy is limited by trade deals, such as free trade agreements or investment treaties, signed by States.
Our vision is a world where freedom is secured through long - term
policy solutions that are founded
on comprehensive research and that respect the dignity and
autonomy of survivors.
In a new article for Education Next, David Osborne, director of the project
on Reinventing America's Schools at the Progressive
Policy Institute, finds Denver's pursuit of this strategy, which has increased school leader
autonomy, has produced impressive gains in student achievement, leading to growing public support for the reforms.
ESSA also gave state leaders significantly more
autonomy to set
policy on other questions, such as teacher evaluation, diminishing the federal government's influence over state
policy.
To achieve these objectives, KIPP schools leverage strong student - behavior
policies with rewards and sanctions; contracts between students, parents, and teachers; longer school days and school
on Saturdays; substantial
autonomy for principals; and close monitoring of school performance in terms of student achievement and college readiness.
The net effects of these
policies on school
autonomy and differentiation are unclear.
The white paper highlights the importance of creating
policy environments that grant innovative educators
autonomy, enabling them to design and implement models based
on affordable quality and personalization.
These range from teaching conditions, such as class sizes and salaries, to unhappiness with administrative practices (such as lack of support, classroom
autonomy, or input
on decisions) to
policy issues, such as the effects of testing and accountability.
The effort now spans from support for teacher leaders to sitting principals and principal supervisors and accompanied district
policies providing greater
autonomy to principals and more explicitly focusing the principal's role
on instructional leadership.
At the heart of their recommendations, compiled in two separate
policy papers, are the following strategies: empowering principals and educators with more
autonomy over staffing; leadership and coaching opportunities for excellent teachers; student - focused professional development designed at the school site; direct investment in community engagement; and financial incentives to attract and keep teachers making progress with their students (based
on a multi-measured evaluation system) in hard - to - staff schools.
Despite what seems to be a welcome shift among some
policy makers towards teacher collaboration, I contend we are rarely providing teachers with the support, time, and
autonomy to make PLCs worthwhile and effective rather than just one more thing
on a list of «what I have to do.»
The report, «
On the Road to Better Accessibility,
Autonomy, and Accountability,» analyzes current charter school oversight
policies from states across the nation.
We will support evidence - based
policy reforms aimed at ensuring principals have the
autonomy and data they need to lead schools with strong cultures focused
on improving teaching and learning, and that they are trained to use teacher evaluations to deliver high - quality observations and feedback.
Policy - makers from both parties have asked teachers to support stricter checks
on their
autonomy, even though they've cut the professional development and support services that help teachers teach.
For instance, in today's system, school governing bodies (which now oversee schools, but which would likely have a modified composition or role under a contract schools model) have a fair degree of
autonomy on decisions about admission, budgets and language
policy.
Depending
on the extent of the
autonomy your team is able to secure in this area, there might also be school board
policies you need to follow.
Through a three - pronged approach, redefinED atlanta empowers communities and focuses
on policy for quality education, fosters the flow of high - quality teachers and leaders into Atlanta, and supports quality schools with expectations of
autonomy and accountability.
Rather than serve as a conduit for flowing district
policy to school principals, who are then expected to act
on those centralized decisions, Ms. Allen and her team in the 20,000 - student district help principals learn how to best exercise
autonomy in their schools, from making staffing decisions to figuring out instructional priorities to determining if there's enough money in the school's budget to buy a van for after - school activities.
In this role, Holly directed a wide range of state and local
policy initiatives focused
on improving educational outcomes for children through promoting
autonomy, accountability, and equity in New Orleans charter schools.
But many urban districts are approaching state limits
on charter - school enrollment, leaving
policy makers to look for other options, such as Springfield's empowerment zone, where schools operate with
autonomies similar to those at charters.
In addition to state - and authorizer - imposed restrictions, recent federal
policies may have detrimental impacts
on the
autonomy of charter schools.
This 2011 report surveys recently passed teacher evaluation
policies in five states and rates each
on the law's strengths and weaknesses in teacher evaluation design requirements, transparency and public reporting of evaluation data, principal
autonomy over teacher hiring and placement, and the extent to which the law links teacher evaluation results to key personnel decisions, including tenure, reductions in force, dismissal of underperforming teachers, and retention.
Success of our movement depends
on autonomy but this small number of chronically underperforming charters endanger the legislative and
policy environment for all charter schools.
For instance, as everyone knows, the Supreme Court has swung back and forth a few times
on whether states need some kind of judicial protection to preserve their
policy autonomy, or whether instead the political process is good enough.
The meeting opened with presentations
on the state of technology by three experts, including artificial intelligence researcher Prof. Stuart Russell and Mr. Paul Scharre, co-author of the 2012 US Department of Defense
policy directive
on autonomy in warfare.
This 9 - page briefing paper reviews the US Department of Defense public
policy directive
on autonomy in weapons systems issued
on 21 November 2012.
Paul Scharre heads the 20YY Warfare Initiative at the Center for a New American Security in Washington DC and previously worked for the US Department of Defense, where he led a working group that drafted the 2012
policy directive 3000.09
on autonomy in weapon systems.
[20] Other useful reports and papers
on the homelands movement include: HC Coombs, «Homeland Movement», in HC Coombs, Aboriginal
Autonomy (1994); J Altman, In search of an outstations
policy for Indigenous Australians, CAEPR Working Paper 34 (2006).
Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Commission, Report
on greater regional
autonomy, ATSIC National
Policy Office, Canberra 2000, pp 11 - 12.