What occurred here is no more judicial factfinding in the ordinary sense than would be the factual findings that deficit spending will not lower the unemployment rate... Yet because they have been branded «factual findings» entitled to deferential review,
the policy preferences of three District Judges now govern the operation of California prison's system.»
The graphical interfaces were similar to those employed in Study 1 but with the addition of a pie chart illustrating the emission
policy preferences of participants in that study, relative to the emission cut option displayed in the bar chart.
Study 2 incorporated the same framing manipulation as Study 1 in conjunction with a normative message about the emission
policy preferences of participants from the first study.
While
policy preferences of group members tracked with their beliefs, their behaviors largely did not: Skeptics reported using public transportation, buying eco-friendly products, and using reusable bags more often than those in the other two categories.
In other words, maverick papers that do not support
the policy preferences of the Chief Editor will not be published.
Specifically, normative information about the emission
policy preferences of respondents in our first study successfully increased emission cuts in the loss condition.
However, the novel result was that a normative message — this time regarding the emission
policy preferences of others within a presumed peer group — also increased the amount people were prepared to reduce Australia's emissions.
Consistent with previous theorising and empirical research highlighting that foregone - gains are preferred over losses [10], [19]--[23], people supported higher levels of emission cuts when the costs were framed as a foregone - gain than when they were framed as a loss (the one exception to this pattern was in Study 2, where the framing effect was eliminated when combined with a normative message about the emission
policy preferences of others).
Like many, I'm sure, I've been much more familiar with the climate and energy
policy preferences of Jeffrey Sachs, the institute's director.
The PPIC Statewide Survey has provided policymakers, the media, and the general public with objective, advocacy - free information on the perceptions, opinions, and public
policy preferences of California residents since 1998.
Rather, policy makers — particularly Republicans — seem to be nonresponsive (and, in some cases, intentionally unresponsive) to
the policy preferences of teachers when presented as an organized group, though they place relatively high value on the voices of individual teachers.
Overall, respondents» positions on teacher evaluation policy appeared to be unaffected by their exposure to
the policy preferences of teachers.
Finding # 1: Policy makers are unresponsive to
policy preferences of the general public, but they value the voices of constituents.
Understanding that state education policy makers may be unresponsive to the teacher evaluation
policy preferences of both the general public and teachers, I also included two uniform survey questions to understand the value state education policy makers placed on various voices.
He's not just a policy broker, of course; he has strong
policy preferences of his own — some of which were viewed not long ago as GOP or conservative ideas.
Science can be corrupted so that it simply becomes a shield disguising
the policy preferences of those in authority.
He's still pretty conservative and in a recent analysis, I've applied the model from The Constrained Court to estimate
the policy preferences of justices and how they would map onto the vote on the health care legislation (it's all based on a statistical model that links the Court and Congress via positions members of one institution take on votes in the other).
These «necessities,» by a curious coincidence, have almost always matched
the policy preferences of intellectuals, who tend to see the Constitution as a kind of perpetual work - in - progress, an instrument ever open to their expert ministry.
This strategy largely writes off the non-evangelical white working - class in the hopes of winning over nonwhite voters and it aligns Republican policy even more closely with
the policy preferences of the Washington business lobbies.
Progressive legal theorists exploited this doctrinal disjunction to argue that the justices» opposition to economic reforms was fundamentally ideological and thus illegitimate: «If the public's evolving attitude towards liquor and lotteries had been sufficient to justify a rethinking of economic rights and federalism constraints, the argument went, then what else but the subjective
policy preferences of the justices themselves could explain the Court's stubborn resistance to other, broadly popular forms of «social» legislation?»
State education policy makers who were randomly exposed to data that revealed the teacher evaluation
policy preference of the general public were not significantly more likely to align with the general public's teacher evaluation policy position.
In Klein's book The Shock Doctrine, she explains how immediately after Hurricane Katrina, Friedman used the decimation of New Orleans» infrastructure to push for charter schools, a market - based
policy preference of Friedman acolytes.
The public
policy preference of California continues to be favoring life over death, and thus the adoption, rather than killing, of shelter animals.
Not exact matches
Important factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from those reflected in such forward - looking statements and that should be considered in evaluating our outlook include, but are not limited to, the following: 1) our ability to continue to grow our business and execute our growth strategy, including the timing, execution, and profitability
of new and maturing programs; 2) our ability to perform our obligations under our new and maturing commercial, business aircraft, and military development programs, and the related recurring production; 3) our ability to accurately estimate and manage performance, cost, and revenue under our contracts, including our ability to achieve certain cost reductions with respect to the B787 program; 4) margin pressures and the potential for additional forward losses on new and maturing programs; 5) our ability to accommodate, and the cost
of accommodating, announced increases in the build rates
of certain aircraft; 6) the effect on aircraft demand and build rates
of changing customer
preferences for business aircraft, including the effect
of global economic conditions on the business aircraft market and expanding conflicts or political unrest in the Middle East or Asia; 7) customer cancellations or deferrals as a result
of global economic uncertainty or otherwise; 8) the effect
of economic conditions in the industries and markets in which we operate in the U.S. and globally and any changes therein, including fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates; 9) the success and timely execution
of key milestones such as the receipt
of necessary regulatory approvals, including our ability to obtain in a timely fashion any required regulatory or other third party approvals for the consummation
of our announced acquisition
of Asco, and customer adherence to their announced schedules; 10) our ability to successfully negotiate, or re-negotiate, future pricing under our supply agreements with Boeing and our other customers; 11) our ability to enter into profitable supply arrangements with additional customers; 12) the ability
of all parties to satisfy their performance requirements under existing supply contracts with our two major customers, Boeing and Airbus, and other customers, and the risk
of nonpayment by such customers; 13) any adverse impact on Boeing's and Airbus» production
of aircraft resulting from cancellations, deferrals, or reduced orders by their customers or from labor disputes, domestic or international hostilities, or acts
of terrorism; 14) any adverse impact on the demand for air travel or our operations from the outbreak
of diseases or epidemic or pandemic outbreaks; 15) our ability to avoid or recover from cyber-based or other security attacks, information technology failures, or other disruptions; 16) returns on pension plan assets and the impact
of future discount rate changes on pension obligations; 17) our ability to borrow additional funds or refinance debt, including our ability to obtain the debt to finance the purchase price for our announced acquisition
of Asco on favorable terms or at all; 18) competition from commercial aerospace original equipment manufacturers and other aerostructures suppliers; 19) the effect
of governmental laws, such as U.S. export control laws and U.S. and foreign anti-bribery laws such as the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act and the United Kingdom Bribery Act, and environmental laws and agency regulations, both in the U.S. and abroad; 20) the effect
of changes in tax law, such as the effect
of The Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (the «TCJA») that was enacted on December 22, 2017, and changes to the interpretations
of or guidance related thereto, and the Company's ability to accurately calculate and estimate the effect
of such changes; 21) any reduction in our credit ratings; 22) our dependence on our suppliers, as well as the cost and availability
of raw materials and purchased components; 23) our ability to recruit and retain a critical mass
of highly - skilled employees and our relationships with the unions representing many
of our employees; 24) spending by the U.S. and other governments on defense; 25) the possibility that our cash flows and our credit facility may not be adequate for our additional capital needs or for payment
of interest on, and principal
of, our indebtedness; 26) our exposure under our revolving credit facility to higher interest payments should interest rates increase substantially; 27) the effectiveness
of any interest rate hedging programs; 28) the effectiveness
of our internal control over financial reporting; 29) the outcome or impact
of ongoing or future litigation, claims, and regulatory actions; 30) exposure to potential product liability and warranty claims; 31) our ability to effectively assess, manage and integrate acquisitions that we pursue, including our ability to successfully integrate the Asco business and generate synergies and other cost savings; 32) our ability to consummate our announced acquisition
of Asco in a timely matter while avoiding any unexpected costs, charges, expenses, adverse changes to business relationships and other business disruptions for ourselves and Asco as a result
of the acquisition; 33) our ability to continue selling certain receivables through our supplier financing program; 34) the risks
of doing business internationally, including fluctuations in foreign current exchange rates, impositions
of tariffs or embargoes, compliance with foreign laws, and domestic and foreign government
policies; and 35) our ability to complete the proposed accelerated stock repurchase plan, among other things.
As far as the goal
of reducing displacement, the Furman Center points to strategies such as rent regulation programs, or
policies that give low - income families prioritized
preference for subsidized housing as helpful.
«Hong Kong's
policy needs to be adaptive to the changing world and the changing
preferences of tourists,» said Tsai.
It is clearly not the law that company managers must «pursue
policies consistent with the
preferences of their investors.»
Enacted in 2003 as part
of legislation providing drug benefits under Medicare, the tax
preference is only available if the individual purchases a high - deductible health insurance
policy.
Tax
preferences: Special provisions
of tax laws that are designed to further
policy objectives different from tax
policy objectives.
Rounding out its free core offering are itinerary management, real - time trip information like flight status, navigation to the hotel and alerts; travel
policy setup in less than three minutes; traveler / admin control
of preferences and loyalty programs; multilingual, 24/7 traveler support provided by an in - house team and available in one click; and data reporting and analytics.
When investor
preferences are risk - seeking, overly loose monetary
policy can have a disastrous effect by promoting reckless speculation and enhancing the ability
of low - quality borrowers to issue debt to yield - starved investors.
Federalism is based on shared principles including respect for the constitution and the division
of powers, while being aware that Quebec has not agreed to the Constitution Act, 1982, and accepting that there are differences among the provinces and territories and that governments may have different
policy priorities and
preferences.
Albertans are currently at the mercy
of a government that has a
preference for redistributing wealth and not towards
policies that grow the economy and create jobs.
That is, given the current state
of the economy, and given the objectives for
policy (the inflation target and a
preference for avoiding undue instability in real GDP), the model can be asked: what is the path for interest rates over the relevant horizon which will minimise the variance
of the objective variables around their targets?
Whether you need to understand consumer attitudes and
preferences or grasp nationwide opinion on issues and
policy, Navigator has a highly experienced team
of research professionals to design and execute research programmes that respond to your unique needs.
But joining the TPP also meant effectively renegotiating the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA), with the United States under onerous terms
of entry that put Canada's other traditional defensive areas on the negotiating table (including Canadian content in media, intellectual property regime
preferences, telecommunications ownership
policies, and remaining investment restrictions), with little prospect
of any valuable concessions from the United States.
People who dictate public
policy with their
preference of genitalia are usually eunichs or worse.
There is
of course no reason why anyone who doesn't share Seidman's
policy preferences would go along with whatever rewriting
of the Constitution that he and his confederates dream up.
«Catholic social teachings have always emphasized the importance
of preferencing the poor in regards to governance and
policy - making.
And,
of course, everybody should refrain from trying to capture the churches» credibility and resources for the promotion
of their own clutch
of policy preferences.
First
of all, in their attitudes toward legalized abortion, beliefs about abortion, and
policy preferences pertaining to abortion, the members
of those two groups, not surprisingly, are almost as different as they possibly could be.
Although it is now clearly demonstrated that the most cost - effective step for most utility companies and industries is to invest in more efficient equipment so as to reduce the use
of fuel, the energy
policy of the Bush administration, supported by prevailing
preferences among economists, gives only lip service to this approach.
After all, Clint's stated
policy preferences — e.g., bring home all troops but keep Camp X-Ray at Guantanamo alive because we have spent so much money on it — reflected the seeming impossibility
of being consistent today.
If corporations profit from what people decide to buy, and if they adjust their production and advertising
policies according to buyers «
preferences and the interests
of stockholders, then they also are amenable to what the public refuses to buy or what their stockholders establish as
policy, and should be expected to adjust their production and advertising plans to take into account buyer and stockholder
preferences.
When the church is consumed and possessed by mortgages, capital campaigns, membership numbers, qualifications for membership or deacon or elder, the variety and format
of financial reports, redecorating, ordination
policies, the proper delineation
of committee responsibilities, the aggregation and strengthening and protection
of church hierarchical authority, the
preference for political associations and prominence instead
of being a voice and influence for justice and compassion, seasonal vestment colors, the abandonment and refusal to acknowledge congregations who dare to be excited by their proclaiming and provoking and living and sharing the Good News, the continual choosing and preoccupation with better organization over better outreach, or what styles
of worship are to be offered — then it is time for an earth - shaking, stone - rolling, curtain ripping, hurricane - strength, fiery and noisy transformational revolution that will resurrect the Good News in the body and spirit
of communities and individuals.
If we are to focus on the «root cause»
of son
preference, we must examine the role that social
policies play, including those promoted by international actors.
According to polling data, a significantly larger fraction
of African - American and Hispanic voters have right - leaning
policy preferences when it comes to size
of government issues than voted for Romney.
The «propositional nation» right is glad to talk about the contributions
of immigrants (especially when asking Congress to permit more guest workers to staff their businesses), but their
policy preferences (tax cuts for themselves, entitlement cuts for wage - earners) will never seem inclusive.
I myself argued that the judges» unelected status «creates the risk that [they] will simply enact their own
policy preferences, leaving the citizenry no easy means
of correction,» and thus judges should stick close to the text and history
of a constitutional provision.
I have some On The Square thoughts about how some kinds
of respect for Obama's words and the concerns
of some Obama supporters could be used to defeat Obama's
policy preferences.