We'll start with the fact that
there is [sic] essentially four kinds of penny stock companies in the Pump & Dump world: (1) the kind where the
management is in on the scam and is directly knowledgeable and complicit with the intent to deceive the public; (2) the kind where some
poor schmoe has a great idea (at least he thinks it is) that requires financing, and becomes the mark of a parasitic «funder» who makes all kinds of promises of unlimited
monies and riches beyond the mark's wildest dream; (3) the kind where the company is absolutely for real but the shares have been hyped (sometimes hijacked) into ridiculous valuations; and, (4) a hijacked empty and inactive shell.