Children from dissolved families generally have more internalizing and externalizing problems, lower academic achievements and
poorer social adjustment, compared with children from intact families (Frisco et al. [2007]; Størksen et al. [2006]; Sun and Li [2002]-RRB-, and the negative association between parental divorce and adjustment persist into adulthood (Amato and Sobolewski [2001]; Størksen et al. [2007]-RRB-.
Subjects with poorer PTSD outcomes also showed
poorer social adjustment.
Another expert on fatherhood, sociologist Tim Biblarz of the University of Southern California - Los Angeles, says the evidence shows economics plays a significant role in the risk for negative outcomes, such as poorer grades and lower educational attainment, substance abuse or
poor social adjustment.
Consistent with the intersectionality framework, gender and particular racial / ethnic categories involved in a youth» s biracial self - identification moderated
poor social adjustment but the effect sizes were relatively small.
High hyperactivity and
poor social adjustment predicted adulthood low occupational status proposing a more slow effect on adulthood SEP..
Not exact matches
But in its neoliberal form it becomes a nightmare lived by the victims of unemployment, young people traumatized by the future, workers shut out of the productive system and nations subjected to structural
adjustment, labour deregulation, the erosion of
social security systems and the elimination of networks serving the
poor.
The high economic and
social costs of early mental illness compound as children get older; for example,
adjustment disorders in childhood are associated with
poor school performance and increased reliance on
social welfare, Heinmeuller says.
As noted earlier, a lot of our problems are not technical, they are
social (
adjustment mechanisms) and economic (pricing, protecting the
poor), and ideological, as the postings in Dot Earth and the behavior of the Bush Administration amply demonstrates.
Furthermore, low income is strongly associated with
poor parental mental and physical health.40, 42 Parental irritability and depressive symptoms have been associated with fewer interactions and more conflictual interactions with older children, leading to less satisfactory emotional,
social, and cognitive development.43 Specifically, the parents» emotional state and parenting has been shown to greatly affect their children's
social adjustment, self - esteem,
social competence, and externalizing as well as internalizing behaviors.10, 13 As noted by the Institute of Medicine, there is an intergenerational transmission of depressive symptoms.17 Whether this relationship is due to poverty, home environment, family structure, family resources,
social support, or other factors warrants further research.
Internalization symptoms can manifest as depressive mood, low self - esteem, and deficits in
social interaction,
poor interpersonal relationships, behavioral difficulties, and an overall
poor adjustment.
Children of depressed mothers also are more likely to have insecure attachment with their mothers, experience high
social withdrawal, have
poor communication and language skills, perform poorly on cognitive tasks, and show more disruptive behaviors across developmental periods.2 Particularly among low - income families, financial difficulties and related resource scarcity increase the detrimental impacts of maternal depression on the children's
adjustment, the mother's health status, and the family's functioning as a whole.3
Children who blame themselves for their parents» fighting have also been found to be at greater risk of
poor social and emotional
adjustment following their parents» separation.
Mothers of a child with autism were highly stressed and more likely to report
poor or fair mental health than mothers in the general population, even after
adjustment for the child's
social skills and demographic background.
Both of these dysfunction domains were associated with impaired academic and
social development in children (
poor outcomes, peer relationship difficulties, underachievement, and
poor personal
adjustment)(Hinshaw, 1992; Mash and Barkley, 1996).
She has translated this research into an intervention to improve the school readiness skills of children at high risk for
poor academic and
social adjustment: the Kids in Transition to School (KITS) Program.
Those bullied demonstrated
poorer social and emotional
adjustment, reporting greater difficulty making friends,
poorer relationships with classmates, and greater loneliness.
Those youth who reported both bullying and being bullied demonstrated
poorer adjustment across both
social / emotional dimensions and problem behaviors.
For instance, in one study, children's peer rejection predicted their
poorer social skills 1 to 3 years later, which in turn predicted exacerbated peer rejection and
poor emotional
adjustment 6 years later in adolescence [28].
Finally, serious conduct problems in childhood predict later problems in adolescence and adulthood, including mental health problems (e.g., substance abuse), legal problems (e.g., risk for arrest), educational problems (e.g., school drop - out),
social problems (e.g.,
poor marital
adjustment), occupational problems (e.g.,
poor job performance), and physical health problems (e.g.,
poor respiratory function; Odgers...