If a dog with this background became
a popular sire, it could do irreparable damage to the gene pool.
Unless you own a champion or
popular sire, you will generate more revenue with a female rather than with a male.
For breeds without a small or decreasing population size, it would be beneficial for Kennel Clubs worldwide to impose limitations on the number of offspring per stud, thus reducing
the popular sire effect and promoting increased genetic variability on a population - wide scale.
Such refinements in the breed create
popular sire effects and yet more artificial genetic bottlenecks that will cause the loss of more genetic diversity if not properly managed.
Moreover, overrepresentation of
a popular sire's genome risks the widespread dissemination of monogenetic inherited disorders by inflating the allele frequency of recessive deleterious variants carried by the sire and increasing the probability of identity by descent of undesirable alleles in his descendants [18,20,21].
All that is required to make CEA a major breed health issue again is a single
popular sire who happens to be a carrier.
Most cases of
popular sire syndrome take place once a stud has been awarded a Champion and also gave birth to one or multiple champion dogs.
The popular sire effect occurs when a specific stud becomes so popular that he is requested for numerous breedings, usually using artificial insemination.
The popular sire syndrome is a direct consequence of selective dog breeding to the extreme, especially with breeders practicing grading up (where the same dog, usually a stud, is used over several breedings with, at each breeding, a the best partner or candidate from his own descendants).
Any one of the items that can be inherited (most of those listed) could become common by the time of the next survey if they aren't given sufficient attention by breeders or should
some popular sire happen to carry genes for them.
The problems are rather in everything else that is implied when we use the word overbreeding — e.g. poor hygiene conditions, motivations of the breeder to breed so often,
popular sire effect, etc..
It only takes one
popular sire to turn a relatively infrequent disease like CEA in Aussies into a common one.
When
a popular sire appears in so many pedigrees that it causes the gene pool of a breed to drift in the direction of that sire, the gene pool loses genetic diversity and the phenomena is called the «Founders Effect».
Typically,
a popular sire that is an undetected carrier of a recessive disease produces a lot of puppies, half of which are also carriers.
Rarely is it more than that unless you are breeding your bitch to
a popular sire.
Therefore, such
popular sire is used extensively for breeding with a vast amount of females, resulting in his genes being spread rapidly throughout the breed, vastly reducing genetic diversity.
Moving forward, if breeders continue to only breed healthy and exceptional specimens of a breed and stay away from
the popular sire syndrome at all cost; their breed's whole population will be protected from inherited health conditions.
Diversity is therefore reduced by the presence of
popular sires, in what is often called «popular sire syndrome» or «founders effect».
Through the years, overuse of only a few
popular sires further reduced the genetic variety available in the breed.
It is the novice who continues too avoid using
the popular sires because they have produced faults.
The «limit of number of puppies produced by
popular sires» was outlined and the number of sires exceeding this limitation was noted.
The use of «
popular sires» has been identified as a major cause of inbreeding depression.
The impact of top - ranked
popular sires is even more obvious in this figure of the maximum number of pups produced by a single sire in a year compared to the population average.
These genetic bottlenecks were enhanced by a series of
popular sires and their progeny, each followed by an extended period of close linebreeding.
The use of
popular sires can intensify both the positive and negative effects of line - breeding, because over time most dogs will wind up being to some degree related.
Probably not since COIs continue to climb because most breeders emphasize line breeding and
popular sires remain, well, popular.
However, males with two copies ought not to be offered at public stud due the potential for increasing the frequency of the mutation if that dog or any of his sons should become
popular sires.
Conditions not relating directly to breed standards account for over 75 % of all inherited disorders in pedigree dogs [24] and have been attributed to breed formation and small effective population size, the repeated use of
popular sires and inbreeding.
However, dog breeds generally are characterized by closed breeding and relatively isolated populations, often with a small number of founders and
popular sires whose gene pool is overrepresented in modern - day progeny.
The loss of genetic diversity in purebred dogs can be attributed to two major population bottleneck events: the first occurring during domestication; and the second arising from breed formation where the repeated use of
popular sires, line breeding, breeding for specific phenotypic traits, and promotion of the breed barrier rule, contributed to overall loss in genetic variation [15 - 19].
The theory of genetic contributions, which demonstrates the fundamental relationship of inbreeding and selection, implies that
popular sires are the major contributor to high ΔF.
Over the next 23 years, Darwin ruminated about the aggressive livestock breeding he saw going on around him, and what isolation (enclosure) and selection (the frequent use of
popular sires) might mean if some natural version of this phenomenon were driving the diversity of wildlife he had seen on his travels.
Not exact matches
If the
sire of this cross is
popular, there will be even fewer less - related dogs available as mates.
The foundation
sire is Huddersfield Ben, a dog born in 1865 who became a
popular stud dog because of his prowess in the show ring and in rat - catching trials.
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