Cancer, the uncontrolled growth and migration of a small
population of cells within a given tissue, is one of the leading causes of death in the United States in older adults.
Previous studies have examined cancer stem cells (CSCs)-- small
populations of cells within a tumor that are resistant to chemotherapy.
The ability to make pure
populations of these cells within days rather than the weeks or months previously required is a key step toward clinically useful regenerative medicine — potentially allowing researchers to generate new beating heart cells to repair damage after a heart attack or to create cartilage or bone to reinvigorate creaky joints or heal from trauma.
Many in vivo processes, including morphogenesis or tumour maturation, involve small
populations of cells within a spatially restricted region.
Not exact matches
Sampling was conducted via a stratified dual frame probability sample
of landline and
cell phone telephone numbers (both from Survey Sampling International) from
within New York State weighted to reflect known
population patterns.
Sampling was conducted via a stratified dual frame probability sample provided by Survey Sampling International
of landline and
cell phone telephone numbers from
within New York State weighted to reflect known
population patterns.
The study, «Spectrophotometric analysis at the single -
cell level: elucidating dispersity
within melanic immortalized
cell populations,» was supported in part by the Mizzou Advantage program, an initiative that fosters interdisciplinary collaboration among faculty, staff, students and external partners to solve real - world problems in four areas
of strength identified at the University
of Missouri, including Food for the Future, One Health / One Medicine, Sustainable Energy and Media
of the Future.
Subsequent tests revealed that the treatment had reduced the visible
cell population by a factor
of 100 thousand, compared with an untreated
cell culture,
within the space
of just 20 days.
«This strategy allows a colony to hedge its bets by enabling individual
cells within a
population to assume high levels
of resistance while others avoid this extra work.»
Within a single tumor exists such an astonishingly varied
population of cells, each with its own combination
of normal and abnormal genes, that at least some
cells nearly always have a way to survive any particular attack.
Dr Ignacio Vazquez - Garcia, the first author from the Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute and University
of Cambridge, said: «We found that the degree
of diversity
within the
cell population — known as clonal heterogeneity — played a major role in the acquisition
of antimicrobial resistance.
Stem
cell populations reside in areas called niches deep
within different types
of organs.
Within every hair follicle is a
population of melanocyte stem
cells.
Lepidoptera genetics is notorious for the fact that chromosome counts can vary between
populations of the same species and occasionally even
within cells from the same individual, he explains.
The classical concepts
of angiogenesis consider the endothelial
cells within tumors as a rather passive
cell population that merely reacts in response to growth factors released by the tumor
cells.
He said that genetic and morphological heterogeneity
within populations of animal
cells is an emerging phenomenon and has been observed in tumor
populations.
The majority
of cell lines growing at the permissive temperature (33 °C) underwent an initial
population doubling
within 48 h.
These differences between
cells with high and low modulations may support the idea that there are two
populations of neurons
within LIP [22], each
of which contributes to timing differently.
The experimental plan includes a fine - grained analysis
of the different
cell populations within these precious tissues using cutting - edge single -
cell genomics methods.
While embryonic stem
cells are widely studied, a lesser known, but still significant,
population of stem
cells also resides
within the early developing embryo: trophoblast stem
cells (TSCs).
A mechano - chemical feedback underlies co-existence
of qualitatively distinct
cell polarity patterns
within diverse
cell populations.
With Dr. Bill Carlezon, Dr. McCullough is investigating the
cell - type specific contributions
of neuron
populations within the nucleus accumbens to stress related pathologies.
Last week, a group
of researchers from the United States and Japan published work extending our understanding
of the mechanism by which a resident stem
cell population within the mouse digit tip nail bed can be activated to induce digit tip regeneration.
High contrast images facilitate robust automatic tracking and behavioural analysis
of hundreds
of individual
cells within heterogeneous
cell populations is now possible without the need for intrusive dyes or labels, bringing unique morphological, temporal, and dynamic phenotypic data to your research.
In fact, 88 %
of the barcodes
within the resistant
populations were shared by at least one other replicate; prior to treatment, there are small (previously undetectable)
populations of cancer
cells that are resistant to drug treatment and that these are selected for during the treatment process.
Confocal microscopy further demonstrated an extensive network
of nestin - positive cellular processes emanating from the transplanted
cells present
within the neurosensory retina (Figure 6C), which was not observed in the subretinal hNPCctx
population.
The laboratory currently pursues four integrated research objectives: 1) Defining how dynamic regulation
of adhesion and migration controls metastasis, 2) Identification and characterization
of the metastatic
cell populations within a primary tumor, 3) Experimental modeling
of metastasis in a clinically relevant manner, and 4) clinical implementation
of molecular markers
of migration as biomarkers
of tumor progression and metastasis.
Mass Cytometry is a next - generation flow cytometry technology that enables highly dimensional functional and phenotypic profiling
of single
cells within heterogeneous
populations.
Consequently,
within a
population of beads, all possible orientations
of the starting molecule will be represented and available for interactions with other molecules, complexes or
cells.
Such performance - enhancing alterations will include reprogramming using non-integrating vectors or small molecules, the identification
of the specific
cell within the CS
populations which provides therapeutic benefit, and the long - term consequences
of CS
cell transplantation.
Assuming that the findings
of the review reflected a causal relation between smoking cessation and risk
of all cause mortality, we further investigated the data by constructing life tables for a hypothetical group
of 100 patients aged 65 years with early stage lung cancer to estimate how many deaths would be prevented by smoking cessation
within the non-small
cell lung cancer and small
cell lung cancer
populations during five years.
Our facility houses two third - generation Helios mass cytometers that can routinely analyze more than 40 markers per tube to provide an unprecedented «systems - level» view
of phenotypic and functional variations among single
cells within heterogeneous
cell populations.
To determine the length
of time required for the two states to interconvert we purified
populations V+S + and V − S +
cells and examined the extent to which the original distribution was re-established and observed significant changes in both
populations within 24 h
of plating (Figure 7B).
New CFSE - based assay to determine susceptibility to lysis by cytotoxic T
cells of leukemic precursor
cells within a heterogeneous target
cell population.
Thus we examined whether FGF signalling could alter the dynamics between the V + and V − states
within the S +
population by culturing HV
cells in the presence
of the FGFR inhibitor PD173074 [41] for 48 h.
Microchimerism is the presence
of small
populations of genetically disparate
cells within a host as a result
of transfusion or transplacental trafficking during pregnancy, and may influence immune tolerance in the recipient.
While it has been demonstrated previously that more differentiated
cells demonstrate a lower reprogramming efficiency [11] and different somatic
cell types possess differential reprogramming ability [12], [13], no study to date, to our knowledge, has identified subpopulations
of cells within a primary
cell population possessing differential reprogramming potential.
A unique focus
of my work is on the impact
of heterogeneity
within tumors and tumor
cell populations, including subpopulations commonly referred to as «cancer stem
cells», on the immune response.
These observations, which have provided striking insights into the epigenetic regulation
of the molecular blueprint for pluripotency
within ES
cells, have been made at the
population level, and thus reflect the summation
of activity
within all
cells in the
population.
Single -
cell transcriptomics serves as a powerful tool to identify
cell states
within populations of cells, and to dissect underlying heterogeneity at high resolution.
The overall picture is compatible with a model
of multiple states
of pluripotency
within a highly dynamic
cell population.
Finally,
within the fractionated
cell populations, there was evidence for coexpression
of lineage specific markers alongside
of pluripotency genes, similar to lineage priming described first in hematopoietic stem
cells [15].
Interestingly, when we looked at the splenocytes in these mice and compared them to controls, we were not able to detect a significant difference in the numbers
of Tregs, suggesting that in the transplant model, Tregs may be
within the graft - infiltrating
population where they could regulate infiltrating host T
cells.
These assays also recognize conserved elements
within the bioengineered immuno - therapeutic constructs
of CAR - T and TCRs, making them robust candidates for dual use purposes: (1) identifying and monitoring immuno - therapeutic constructs in the peripheral blood and (2) identifying and monitoring clonotypes associated with malignant B - and T -
cell populations.
Within the
population of transcriptionally similar stem and progenitor
cells, our analysis reveals considerable
cell - to -
cell differences in their probability to transition to another committed state.
However, given the heterogeneity
of the innate - like lymphocyte
population, we can not exclude the possibility that LFA1 blockade also decreases retention
of some
cells within the LN parenchyma, thereby increasing their movement into the SCS.
Pets are exposed to many
of the same environmental risks as people The cancer
cells are biologically comparable There is a large
population of cats and dogs with pre-existing cases
of cancer Cancer occurs in pets
within years compared to decades in humans
Annual and seasonal average temperatures are weighted using the shares
of each region's land area
within each grid
cell; estimates
of days above 95F and below 32F are weighted using the shares
of each region's
population within each grid
cell.