Thus the NRC mantra, repeated with slightly different wording throughout the report: «Despite using them for several decades, policymakers and educators do not yet know how to use test - based incentives to consistently generate
positive effects on achievement and to improve education.»
Arguably, the most important development in K — 12 education over the past decade has been the emergence of a growing number of urban schools that have been convincingly shown to have dramatic
positive effects on the achievement of disadvantaged students.
Positive effects on achievement.
In New Orleans, regulation and accountability seem to have contributed to large
positive effects on achievement.
Standards - based, inquiry - based science curriculum in ten urban middle schools had
a positive effect on achievement.
Vouchers have a moderately large,
positive effect on the achievement of African - American students, but no discernible effect on the performance of students of other ethnicities.
We find that vouchers have a moderately large,
positive effect on the achievement of African - American students, but no discernible effect on the performance of students of other ethnicities.
Statewide programs in Florida, Louisiana, and Ohio, however, already have demonstrated clear
positive effects on the achievement of students who remain in public schools, confirming Caroline Hoxby's claim (see «Rising Tide,» features, Winter 2001) that competition from choice generates «a rising tide that lifts all boats.»
In fact, across all four tracks studied — honors / advanced, academic, general (reference), and vocational / other — effort had significant,
positive effects on achievement in every track.
Research of the effects of heterogeneous grouping on low - achievers indicate
positive effects on achievement, self - esteem, and intergroup relations (Slavin, 1990), indicating the addressing of emotional, interpersonal, and intellectual needs.
Odyssey Math was found to have potentially
positive effects on achievement for primary students.
Educator collaborative learning consistently produces strong,
positive effects on achievement of learning outcomes.
Earlier research on Florida's tax credit by Cassandra Hart and David Figlio found that the program may have
positive effects on achievement for students in both public and private schools.
Further work shows that the small
positive effects on achievement primarily occur for those children making the transition into middle childhood, whereas the small negative effects occur among those children making the transition out of middle childhood.
Not exact matches
We show
positive effects of communication style
on perception of corporate reputation, which — in turn — plays an important role in the
achievement of business objectives,» said Dijkmans.
In addition to a
positive effect on self - regulation, the intervention had a
positive effect on math
achievement for English language learners.
Service learning can have
positive effects on students» performance
on subject - matter examinations and assessments and creates opportunities known to improve academic
achievement, such as giving students the chance to act autonomously, develop good relationships with adults and peers, and increase personal self - esteem and feelings of self - efficacy.
If research continues to show that comprehensive character education has
positive effects on student
achievement as well, then the movement may in time gain more robust political and financial support from education policymakers.
The
positive impacts
on reading
achievement observed for voucher users therefore reflect the incremental
effect of adding private school choice through the OSP to the existing schooling options for low - income D.C. families.
Despite these differences, the bulk of the available, high - quality evidence
on school voucher programs suggests that they do yield
positive achievement effects for participating students.
A Little Rock, Arkansas, performance - pay program lasted only three years and was not renewed by the local school board, despite evidence of
positive effects on student
achievement in math, reading, and language.
To the extent that NCLB - like accountability had either
positive or negative
effects on measured student
achievement, we would expect, once NCLB had been implemented, to observe those
effects most distinctly in states that had not previously introduced similar policies.
[viii] And a longer school day and year is a distinguishing feature of those charter schools that have the strongest
positive effects on student
achievement.
The large,
positive effect that a prevalence of girls has
on boys» math scores can not plausibly be explained solely by girls»
effect on average peer
achievement in math.
One of our studies was a randomized trial in a large urban district that found significant
positive effects on reading
achievement for students who used Accelerated Reader according to the publisher's recommendations.
Likewise, I found that a rising share of Hispanics has a
positive effect on certain Hispanic students» scores, which could not be an
effect of average peer
achievement since raising the Hispanic share lowers average peer
achievement.
In «New Kids
on the Block,» (research), Sanbonmatsu, Kling, Duncan, and Brooks - Gunn report the findings of their MTO study and offer several possible explanations for the program's lack of overall
positive effects on academic
achievement.
In the gender comparison, all of the results show that one gender's idiosyncratic
achievement has a
positive, highly statistically significant
effect on the idiosyncratic
achievement of its peers from the other gender group.
Researchers expected that the move to a better neighborhood would have discernible
effects on the academic
achievement of the children involved, yet MTO data from the five cities show no overall
positive impact
on the children's learning.
These patterns suggest that the
positive effects of charter school attendance
on educational attainment are not due solely to measured differences in the
achievement of students in charter and traditional public high schools.
The review found a net
positive effect on student
achievement — that's encouraging — but the researchers could not identify common characteristics from such a small and varied sample.
However, research to date finds little evidence of a strong
positive effect of teachers» pay
on student
achievement.
Still, if North Carolina's traditional public schools improved in response to their presence, the apparently negative
effects of charter schools
on the
achievement of students who attend them could be offset by more
positive statewide
effects.
The key question is whether KIPP's
positive effects on learning are attributable to a peer environment that is more conducive to academic
achievement than the peer environment found in traditional public schools.
Although the study showed that parents» involvement in school events still had a
positive effect on adolescents»
achievement, it did not rank as highly as parents conveying the importance of academic performance, relating educational goals to occupational aspirations, and discussing learning strategies.
And when she describes the results from the federally funded Washington, D.C., experiment, she focuses only
on the fourth - year
achievement results, which showed a
positive effect but fell short of the conventional standard for statistical significance by having a p =.06 instead of.05.
A large body of research confirms that family involvement in children's school experiences has a
positive effect on children's attitudes toward school
achievement, regardless of how much money parents have or how many years of school they completed.
How can educators get reliable, centralized information in regard to computer programs»
positive effects on students»
achievement?
After controlling for student and peer attributes and for selection bias, we still find a substantial
positive and statistically significant
effect of attending a network school
on student
achievement.
Competition from Sweden's private school choice program has a
positive effect on student
achievement in both public and private schools.
Charter schools such as KIPP and the Harlem Children's Zone Promise Academy have large
positive effects on the academic
achievement of their (mostly disadvantaged) students.
The estimated
effects of the private school share
on student
achievement are somewhat smaller in science and reading than in math, but they remain substantial,
positive, and statistically significant (see Figure 2).
They demonstrate that attending an oversubscribed charter middle or high school has a clear
positive effect on students» math and reading
achievement, but also find that this «
on - average» result obscures dramatic variation.
This meta - analysis of social and emotional learning interventions (including 213 school - based SEL programs and 270,000 students from rural, suburban and urban areas) showed that social and emotional learning interventions had the following
effects on students ages 5 - 18: decreased emotional distress such as anxiety and depression, improved social and emotional skills (e.g., self - awareness, self - management, etc.), improved attitudes about self, others, and school (including higher academic motivation, stronger bonding with school and teachers, and more
positive attitudes about school), improvement in prosocial school and classroom behavior (e.g., following classroom rules), decreased classroom misbehavior and aggression, and improved academic performance (e.g. standardized
achievement test scores).
While high expectations have been shown to have a
positive effect on self - esteem and
achievement, they need to be matched with support, resilience and the strategies to attain the end goal.
Their summary of the sector's academic outcomes, which draws heavily
on a series of studies by the Center for Research
on Education Outcomes (CREDO) at Stanford University, is likewise relatively uncontroversial: there is a
positive achievement effect for poor, nonwhite, urban students, but suburban and rural charters come up short, as do online charters, about which the authors duly report negative findings.
This included: attendance levels (studies show a
positive relationship between participation in sports and school attendance); behaviour (research concludes that even a little organised physical activity, either inside or outside the classroom, has a
positive effect on classroom behaviour, especially amongst the most disruptive pupils); cognitive function (several studies report a
positive relationship between physical activity and cognition, concentration, attention span and perceptual skills); mental health (studies indicate
positive impacts of physical activity
on mood, well - being, anxiety and depression, as well as
on children's self - esteem and confidence); and attainment (a number of well - controlled studies conclude that academic
achievement is maintained or enhanced by increased physical activity).
A meta - analysis (including 74 rigorous studies and over 56,000 K - 12 students) found that mathematics computer applications produce a small but
positive effect on mathematics
achievement, and, specifically, programs that supplement traditional math instruction with additional instruction at students» individualized assessed levels of need showed greater
effects on math
achievement.
If teachers tend to rely more
on lectures when assigned more capable or attentive students, this would generate a
positive relationship between the amount of time spent lecturing and student
achievement, even in the absence of a true causal
effect.
Second, the absence of
effects on achievement in nearby traditional public schools suggests that the loss of students to charter schools is not having negative
achievement effects on traditional public schools, but it also suggests that charter schools may not produce the hoped - for
positive competitive
effects in traditional public schools.