Many patients continue to experience persistent
positive psychotic symptoms, hallucinations, and delusions, which are disabling and distressing.
The following hypotheses were tested: that the cognitive behaviour therapy would be superior to supportive counselling and routine care, and routine care alone, firstly, in reducing
positive psychotic symptoms; secondly, in preventing the exacerbation of positive symptoms and reducing hospital stay; and, thirdly, by using the convention of the previous study of 50 % improvement in positive symptoms as an indicator of considerable clinical improvement, 6 in the number of patients achieving such improvement.
Giving cognitive behaviour therapy in addition to routine care reduced
positive psychotic symptoms more than giving routine care alone
Both interventions were associated with significant reductions in
positive psychotic symptoms.6 This paper reports on the initial results of a larger randomised controlled trial of intensive cognitive behaviour therapy as an adjunct to routine care, including stable prophylactic medication, in the treatment of chronic schizophrenia.
Objectives: To investigate whether intensive cognitive behaviour therapy results in significant improvement in
positive psychotic symptoms in patients with chronic schizophrenia.
A logistic regression analysis was used to identify variables having a significant independent association with an improvement of 50 % or more in
positive psychotic symptoms.
Primary outcomes: relapse (re-emergence of, or significant deterioration in,
positive psychotic symptoms of at least moderate severity, persisting for ⩾ 2 weeks) and total days in hospital.
Standardised measures were used to assess
positive psychotic symptoms as the primary outcome measure.
Outcome measures: Assessments of
positive psychotic symptoms before treatment and 3 months after treatment.
Not exact matches
Participants had
psychotic symptoms, not caused by substance misuse, for > 4 weeks and scored 4 or more on the
Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS).
301 people aged 18 — 65 years (218 without carers, 83 with carers) with non-affective psychosis (ICD - 10 category F2 and DSM - IV) and a second or subsequent
psychotic episode not more than 3 months before the trial began, plus a rating of at least 4 for one or more
positive symptoms on the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale
positive symptoms on the
Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale
Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS).
The impact of the CT intervention extended beyond
positive symptoms to include insight, dysphoria and «low level»
psychotic thinking.