Indeed, ventral striatum hyperactivity in response to
positive reward cues is related to greater behavioral disinhibition and risky decision making, as well as delinquent and impulsive behaviors [39 • •].
Individuals who were better able to delay as a child showed greater PFC activity in adolescence and adulthood when presented with a rewarding, tempting stimulus, whereas those who struggled with the delay task in childhood showed greater activity in the ventral striatum and less effective PFC recruitment when in the face of
positive reward cues [25, 37 • •].
Not exact matches
To train these
cues reliably you will need to work on them when your beagle is not around and practice a whole lot for a few weeks, using
positive reinforcement (give
rewards for complying).
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Continuous
Positive Reinforcement In addition to the food
reward, each time your dog responds appropriately to a
cue, you should also offer verbal praise.
Positive reinforcement can be playtime, receiving a toy or food
reward, petting, and verbal
cues such as «Good dog!»
Fischer and colleagues [21] proposed a theoretical framework that extends socio - cognitive models of learning [22] and the more recent General Learning Model [23], and explains elevated levels of risk taking in relation to media exposure not only through priming effects of risk -
positive cognitions and emotions, but also through changes in the self - concept, due to (1) situational
cues in the media that risk taking is
rewarding instead of potentially dangerous, (2) through habitation processes and changes in risk - related social norms, and (3) through identification processes that are stronger in active vs. passive media consumption.