That degree of eccentricity required is well within the range of
possible orbits for Mars 4 billion years ago, Palumbo says.
Now Matthew Holman and Matthew Payne, two astronomers from the Harvard - Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, have taken the idea a step further by analysing the Cassini data for
multiple possible orbits instead of just one.
In between, in Belbruno's description, lies a «fuzzy boundary» where the orbits attached to Earth and those attached to the moon mix in an impossible tangle — a tightly woven tapestry of dynamics whose threads are an infinity of
different possible orbits.
The researchers began by plotting hypothetical masses with specific locations and velocities, then simulated
their possible orbits, looking for periodic orbits (ones that repeat).
NOTE: This animation attempts to relate
the possible orbits of Wolf 424 AB (and their tiny habitable zones) to their common center of mass.
NOTE: This animation attempts to relate
the possible orbits of Sirius AB (and a possibly disrupted habitable zone around Sirius A) to their common center of mass.
This was the Pale Red Dot campaign, in which a team of astronomers led by Guillem Anglada - Escudé, from Queen Mary University of London, was looking for the tiny back and forth wobble of the star that would be caused by the gravitational pull of
a possible orbiting planet.