The fading of
pre-K test score effects by third grade found in Tennessee and in the Head Start experiment occurs almost universally, and in particular occurs in programs such as Perry Preschool that show very large adult benefits.
Not exact matches
Gormley finds that Tulsa's
pre-k program has significant
effects on
test scores at kindergarten readiness for all three groups.
For example, the research evidence in a study I co-authored of Tulsa's universal preschool program suggests that
test score effects of
pre-K for middle - income children are 90 % as large as those for low - income children.
Based on available studies of the relationship between early
test scores and later earnings, we would also expect the dollar
effects of Tulsa
pre-K on future earnings for middle - class kids to be 90 % as great.
For students as a whole, the overall
effects of the Tulsa
pre-K program are: a 52 percent gain in the Letter - Word Identification
test score; a 27 percent gain in the spelling
test score; and a 21 percent gain in the applied problems
test score.
find that the Tulsa state - funded «universal»
pre-K program, compared to Tulsa's Head Start programs, has about twice the immediate
effects on cognitive
test scores at kindergarten entrance.