The first study explored the temporal evolution of atmospheric circulation and US
precipitation anomalies during multi-year La Niña events.
As is typical,
precipitation anomalies during December 2015 varied significantly around the world.
As is typical,
precipitation anomalies during November 2015 varied significantly around the world.
As is typical,
precipitation anomalies during September — November 2015 varied significantly around the world.
As is typical,
precipitation anomalies during June 2014 — August 2014 varied significantly around the world.
Not exact matches
Precipitation anomalies have been stronger and covered larger areas in some earlier centuries than
during the twentieth century,» according to Fredrik Charpentier Ljungqvist, historian and climate researcher at Stockholm University and lead author of this study.
«The climate models simulate pre-industrial
precipitation variability reasonably well but simulate much stronger wet and dry
anomalies during the twentieth century than those found in the reconstruction.
One can see that
during La Nina events (in which case you mentally reverse the
anomalies shown in the image), there is net convergence over the western Pacific which results in increased cloud cover and
precipitation.
Depending on the region, the persistence from spring to summer of soil moisture or snow
anomalies generated
during spring by temperature and
precipitation variations may explain river flows variations in summer, when no concomitant climate variations exist.
a Ensemble - mean of scaled - interannual regressions of winter SLP (contours) and SAT (color shading)
anomalies upon the normalized leading PC of winter SLP
anomalies during 1920 — 2012; b SLP and SAT trend regressions upon the normalized leading PC of winter SLP 30 - year trends based on 2016 — 2045; c as in (a) but for
precipitation in place of SAT; d as in (b) but for
precipitation in place of SAT.
It is instructive to compare these numbers with those characteristic of a set of the years
during 1979 — 2012 with no or only one major regional extreme event (in terms of land surface temperature and land
precipitation anomalies) in the NH midlatitudes, from late April / early May to late September / early October, as reported yearly since 1993 in the World Meteorological Organization statements on the status of the global climate (see also ref.
The best way to envision the relation between ENSO and
precipitation over East Africa is to regard the Indian Ocean as a mirror of the Pacific Ocean sea surface temperature
anomalies [much like the Western Hemisphere Warm Pool creates such a SST mirror with the Atlantic Ocean too]:
during a La Niña episode, waters in the eastern Pacific are relatively cool as strong trade winds blow the tropically Sun - warmed waters far towards the west.
During 2017, the season with the largest negative
anomaly was the winter, making it the second driest winter in the ERA - Interim record in terms of
precipitation.
Seasonally simulated
precipitation anomalies, therefore, are very likely lower bounds on what might actually fall
during the coming winter if the simulated atmospheric setup actually occurs.
Luo L., D. Apps, S. Arcand, H. Xu, M. Pan and M. P. Hoerling (April 2017): Contribution of temperature and
precipitation anomalies to the California drought
during 2012 — 2015.
During 1995 — 2014, 6 of the 8 moderately dry years produced 1 - SD drought (Fig. 1A), with all 6 occurring in years in which the
precipitation anomaly exceeded — 0.5 SD and the temperature
anomaly exceeded 0.5 SD (Fig. 1C).
Most 1 - SD drought years have occurred when conditions were both dry (
precipitation anomaly < 0) and warm (temperature
anomaly > 0), including 15 of 20 1 - SD drought years
during 1896 — 2014 (Fig. 2A and Fig.
For example,
during 1896 — 2014, 1 - SD drought occurred in 15 of the 28 years (54 %) that exhibited both a — 0.5 SD
precipitation anomaly and a positive temperature
anomaly, but in only 5 of the 20 years (25 %) that exhibited a — 0.5 SD
precipitation anomaly and a negative temperature
anomaly (Fig. 2A).
Wang and Schubert (2014) find that the North Pacific SST warm
anomalies during early 2013 created a «predilection» for dry conditions
during the second half of the 2013 - 2013 «rainy season» in California, and Funk et al. (2014) also report that the observed Pacific SST
anomalies during 2013 - 2014 contributed to the extremely low
precipitation that was observed
during 2013 - 2014.