If somebody has actually directly shown to high precision how much evaporation and
precipitation changes as a result of CO2 forcing then I think we all would have heard about it and the sensitivity debate would be over.
Not exact matches
Climatic variability like
precipitation changes or increase in extreme events such
as storms and tropical cyclones is known to significantly modify the Earth's surface.
He doesn't expect
precipitation to
change as much
as the temperature.
Climate
change is likely to influence rainfall patterns in the Sierra Nevada
as well
as the amount of dust that makes its way into the atmosphere, so the hope is that a better understanding of how aerosols affect
precipitation will help water managers in the future.
As the climate warms, researchers expect more dusts to make their way aloft, possibly having impacts on
precipitation by
changing where rain or snow falls.
As Cobb explained, climate scientists still lack a good understanding of how climate
change will alter
precipitation patterns.
According to research in the September Nature Climate
Change,
precipitation patterns in the area have increased, which may help larger glaciers such
as this one stick around a while longer.
Countless additional forces — melting ice sheets, shifts in
precipitation,
changes in atmospheric and oceanic circulation, to name a few — will influence the process
as well.
«
As powerful as the cycle is, it is also surprisingly susceptible to environmental changes — and humankind is imposing massive perturbations on Amazonia by both cutting down the trees and heating up the air with greenhouse gases, which reduces large - scale moisture transport and precipitation, and end up affecting even the untouched patches of the forests.&raqu
As powerful
as the cycle is, it is also surprisingly susceptible to environmental changes — and humankind is imposing massive perturbations on Amazonia by both cutting down the trees and heating up the air with greenhouse gases, which reduces large - scale moisture transport and precipitation, and end up affecting even the untouched patches of the forests.&raqu
as the cycle is, it is also surprisingly susceptible to environmental
changes — and humankind is imposing massive perturbations on Amazonia by both cutting down the trees and heating up the air with greenhouse gases, which reduces large - scale moisture transport and
precipitation, and end up affecting even the untouched patches of the forests.»
Current climate
change models indicate temperatures will increase
as long
as humans continue to emit greenhouse gases into the atmosphere, but the projections of future
precipitation are far less certain.
The team uses 30 years of historical
precipitation and temperature data — from 1961 to 1990 —
as well
as eight different scenarios to project future climate
changes from 2031 to 2060.
«Furthermore, our work focuses on increases / decreases in temperatures, but similar analyses are needed to estimate consensus
changes in other meteorological variables such
as precipitation.
Climate model results have long suggested that we would see increased
precipitation in the tropics
as a result of climate
change.
The certainty of the forecasts is particularly important
as warming leads to shifts from temperate to subtropical drylands, which leads to
changes in
precipitation and soil moisture, which in turn has profound effects on ecological services, provided to humanity, including the viability of certain temperate agricultural systems.
Starting in the 3rd year of his 5 - year degree at the University of Vigo, Ourense, in Spain, Añel spent 4 hours a week in Luis Gimeno's Group of Atmospheric and Ocean Physics at the university's Department of Applied Physics, computing climate
change quantifiers using simple parameters such
as precipitation and air temperature.
When the answer to that question is no, then the greenhouse gases are implicated
as the culprit in
changing how
precipitation is falling worldwide.
But it is a complicated picture: the effect that extra atmospheric CO2 has in these kind of experimental setups might not reflect its effects in the real world, where other factors — such
as elevated heat, or
changes in
precipitation — come into play.
In their review, the authors classified studies examining the projected
changes in temperature and
precipitation as «direct threat» research.
In some areas, particularly in Eurasia, climate
change —
as measured by
changes in temperature and
precipitation from 21,000 years ago until now — also seems to have influenced extinction rates.
«Some fungal outbreaks over the past couple of decades, such
as Dothistroma needle blight, could likely have been anticipated by tracking how temperature and
precipitation were
changing together,» said Mahony, who has worked
as a forester in British Columbia for 10 years and has witnessed the impacts of climate
change on the ground.
As climate
change raises summer temperatures around the world, increases in
precipitation could offset drought risk in some regions.
They will look for evidence of temperature
changes caused by ocean circulation patterns in both the North Atlantic and tropical Pacific Oceans, which drive
precipitation in Tibet
as well
as the Indian monsoons.
They found that the business -
as - usual scenario comes with large climate
changes the world over and would create entirely new patterns of temperature and
precipitation for 12 to 39 percent of Earth's land area.
This is due to the slow
changes in ocean currents which affect climate parameters such
as air temperature and
precipitation.
For example, westerly wind and air temperature can cause a 7 - ounce
change in average chick weights,
as compared to 3.5 - ounce
change caused by wind speed and
precipitation.
Since the evapotranspiration rates of the study's cropping systems held steady across several years of varying
precipitation levels, the study also suggests that crop evapotranspiration rates may not be
as sensitive to climate
change as is currently assumed.
When
precipitation was
changed from snow to rain, the stream system became «flashier,» the team writes, with the water that would have been stored
as snow running off into the stream faster.
Over the next 100 years, Minnesota's iconic boreal forest and deep snow may
change into a deciduous forest with winters warm enough for some
precipitation to fall
as rain, according to a new U.S. Forest Service assessment of the vulnerability of Minnesota forests to climate
change.
Using a model of water flow into the lake, the researchers found that 60 % of this decline was caused by climate
changes, such
as change in
precipitation and temperature, and that the remaining 40 % of the decline could be attributed to water resources development, such
as diverting water for irrigation that would otherwise flow into the lake.
Changes in
precipitation and temperatures are likely to reduce habitat suitability for some tree species, including iconic species such
as American beech, eastern hemlock, eastern white pine, red spruce, and sugar maple.
It is commonly thought that hydrologic
change is driven by
precipitation and radiation
changes caused by climate
change, and that
as the land surface adjusts, rising temperatures and lower
precipitation will make the planet drier.
But beyond the increased amount of
precipitation, Wehner adds, «this study more generally increases our understanding of how the various processes in extreme storms can
change as the overall climate warms.»
The westerlies in the Northern Hemisphere, which increased from the 1960s to the 1990s but which have since returned to about normal
as part of NAO and NAM
changes, alter the flow from oceans to continents and are a major cause of the observed
changes in winter storm tracks and related patterns of
precipitation and temperature anomalies, especially over Europe.
Increasing evidence suggests that urban heat island effects extend to
changes in
precipitation, clouds and DTR, with these detectable
as a «weekend effect» owing to lower pollution and other effects during weekends.
As the 2014 Intergovernmental Panel on Climate
Change report notes, models predict that increasing temperature ought to cause greater
precipitation extremes in both directions — both drought and flooding, though there are likely more areas of heavy
precipitation.
At local scales and over shorter periods, annual streamflow responds to seasonal
changes in climate variables (e.g., temperature,
precipitation) and related processes such
as evapotranspiration.
Daniel Swain and colleagues model how the frequency of these rapid, year - to - year transitions from extreme dry to wet conditions — which they dub «
precipitation whiplash events» — may
change in California's future
as a consequence of man - made warming.
As discussed in the Climate chapter, large - scale atmospheric circulation patterns connected to
changes in sea - surface temperatures strongly influence natural variations in
precipitation and temperature (e.g., Cayan et al. 1999; Mantua and Hare 2002).
Direct effects are impacts to trees that arise directly in response to
changes in temperature and
precipitation; indirect effects are secondary impacts, such
as increased number of fires associated with warming temperatures, which then affect trees and forests.
Global climate projections from the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate
Change, showing temperature and
precipitation trends for two different future scenarios,
as described in the Climate chapter of this assessment (IPCC 2014a).
as a consequence of a physical
change (condensation and
precipitation remove water vapor from the atmosphere).
Since joining UW in 1972, Houze has built a career on
changing and improving how the community understands areas such
as tropical meteorology,
precipitation processes, and cloud dynamics.
Unlike some areas of the country, like the Southwest, climate models differ on how overall
precipitation in the region might
change as temperatures rise.
While the individual weather pattern may allow for heavy rain, the heaviest of this
precipitation is increasing
as the world warms from climate
change.
In our new expanded report, «Meltdown,» we have analyzed the role of elevation in the percentage
change of winter
precipitation falling
as rain.
In terms of economic impact,
changes in temperature and
precipitation patterns may result in damage to tourism and other strategic economic sectors with growth potential such
as high - value - added agriculture.
Climate
change encompasses both increases and decreases in temperature,
as well
as shifts in
precipitation,
changing risk of certain types of severe weather events, and
changes to other features of the climate system.
Rather, it sampled how sensitive they are to climate «variability» — defined in the study
as monthly
changes in temperature,
precipitation or water availability, and cloud cover.
Water is also strongly influenced by climate,
as changes in temperature and
precipitation consistently alter patterns of water availability and quality throughout the state.
Rising CO2 levels have been linked to the globe's average temperature rise
as well
as a host of other
changes to the climate system including sea level rise, shifts in
precipitation, ocean acidification, and an increase in extreme heat.