Other forms of severe weather are also closely linked to climate change, including a rise in extreme
precipitation events in some regions and increasingly severe droughts in others.
Climatology of Daily Precipitation and Extreme
Precipitation Events in the Northeast US (Journal of Hydrometeorology)
Warmer air can hold more moisture than cooler air, which has contributed to an increase in heavy
precipitation events in many regions.
[26] Historically, the most intense storms and
precipitation events in California have been tied to wintertime atmospheric rivers that fed on high levels of water vapor in the air.
Increase in heavy
precipitation events in mid-latitudes, disproportionate with changes in mean (1951 - 2003)[AR4 3.8.2.2]
PCIC Climatologist Faron Anslow will presented a talk titled, «Climatology of extreme
precipitation events in British Columbia using a new comprehensive climate dataset.»
The intensity / frequency of
precipitation events in a global context under the wider context of climate change is always worth exploring.
Abstract The Key Role of Heavy
Precipitation Events in Climate Model Disagreements of Future Annual Precipitation Changes in California Climate model simulations disagree on whether future precipitation will increase or decrease over California, which has impeded efforts to anticipate and adapt to human - induced climate change........
The annual increase is again associated with the fact that the extreme events for the later years were significantly higher than compared to
precipitation events in the 1980s.
There are multiple studies associating extreme precipitation events with waterborne disease outbreaks and strong climatological evidence for increasing frequency and intensity of extreme
precipitation events in the future.
Given projected increases in the frequency and intensity of extreme
precipitation events in the Midwest (Chapter 2: Our Changing Climate, Key Message 6), 57 it appears that sewer overflow will continue to constitute a significant current health threat and a critical source of climate change vulnerability for major urban areas within the Midwest.
While there has been a 70 percent increase in heavy
precipitation events in the region since 1958, most of that has been in warm weather rainstorms, Ken Kunkel, a researcher at the National Climatic Data Center in Asheville, N.C., said.
«We know that in particular that [the regions around] Houston, Louisiana, and Florida are prone to some of the most extreme
precipitation events in the United States,» said Sarah Kapnick, a researcher at NOAA's Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory.
A nice example is a near flooding situation in Northern Netherlands (January 2012), caused by a combined occurrence of a saturated soil due to excessive antecedent precipitation, a heavy
precipitation event in the coastal area and a storm surge with a duration of several days that hindered the discharge of excess water from the area.
The name of the Wivenhoe is common currency, as one would expect for a dam which was massively vented at the height of a major
precipitation event in which several people died.
Not exact matches
According to the Climate Science Special Report released on Nov. 2, heavy
precipitation events are becoming more frequent and intense
in most regions of the world.
Climatic variability like
precipitation changes or increase
in extreme
events such as storms and tropical cyclones is known to significantly modify the Earth's surface.
It also has seen a 71 percent increase
in the frequency of extreme
precipitation events — more than any other region
in the United States, according to the paper.
For instance, though about 30 percent of farmers surveyed agreed that extreme weather
events will become more frequent
in the future, 52 percent agreed that farmers should take additional steps to protect their land from increased
precipitation.
«If we look at
precipitation events over the long term, there is an increase
in frequency of extremes.
The Midwest has seen a 37 percent increase
in the amount of rain falling
in heavy
precipitation events since the late 1950s, the second - highest increase
in the U.S. over that period.
«We expect the first heavy
precipitation events with a clear global warming signal will appear during winters
in Russia, Canada and northern Europe over the next 10 - 30 years,» said co-author Dr Ed Hawkins from the National Centre for Atmospheric Science at the University of Reading, UK.
Our study shows is that increases
in the number of extreme heat and extreme
precipitation events, particularly during summer months, lead to more asthma hospitalizations
in Maryland.»
«What they've done is identify the chain of
events from seeding to
precipitation on the ground, which has been sorely needed for the last 80 years,» says William Cotton, a former professor of atmospheric science at Colorado State University
in Fort Collins who was not involved with the research.
They also collect iron - rich magnetic materials within these layers, which originated
in overlying soil and are transported into the cave during
precipitation and flooding
events.
Still, he says, «One of the clearest signals we see is that an increase
in global temperatures leads to an increase
in extreme or heavy
precipitation events.»
What goes up, must come down and, more and more, that water vapor is coming down
in extreme
precipitation events — defined
in North America as more than 100 millimeters of rainfall (or the equivalent
in snow or freezing rain) falling
in 24 hours — according to new research also published February 17
in Nature that examines such
events in the Northern Hemisphere.
The panel finds that humans have already contributed to an increase
in the frequency and duration of heat waves and an intensification of heavy
precipitation events.
Zhibin Zhang, an ecologist at the Chinese Academy of Science's Institute of Zoology
in Beijing and a co-author of the paper, says that
in the
event of a plague outbreak, «monitoring and prevention measures should be taken
in regions facing an obvious increase
in precipitation or flooding
events, and with close transportation connections with plague [centers].»
Climate scientists know that the intensity of extreme
precipitation events is on the rise because there's more water vapor
in the atmosphere caused by higher global and sea temperatures.
While the models do not reliably track individual extreme weather
events, they do reproduce the jet stream patterns and temperature scenarios that
in the real world lead to torrential rain for days, weeks of broiling sun and absence of
precipitation.
And more water vapor worldwide is related to the atmosphere being warmer — we have about 7 percent more water vapor
in the atmosphere now than we did
in the 1950s, which is directly linked to the increase
in heavy
precipitation events.
The number of heavy
precipitation events will continue to increase
in the assessment area, and impacts from flooding and soil erosion may also become more damaging.
Expected increases
in extreme heat and drought
events will bring changes
in precipitation, air and water temperatures, air density and humidity, write Matthew Bartos and Mikhail Chester
in the current issue of the research journal Nature Climate Change.
«This increase
in water vapor has contributed to increasing total
precipitation in the fall season, but does not necessarily mean an increase
in extreme
precipitation events,» she added.
Computer models showed a reduction
in what Edwards called «extreme
precipitation events»
in the fall season
in western South Dakota when compared to climate conditions
in the 1800s.
Air and water temperatures,
precipitation patterns, extreme rainfall
events, and seasonal variations are all known to affect disease transmission.59, 199,86
In the United States, children and the elderly are most vulnerable to serious outcomes, and those exposed to inadequately or untreated groundwater will be among those most affected.
An increased risk of intense, short - duration rainfall
events in mid-latitude regions has been predicted consistently for well over a decade as part of the pattern of human influence on
precipitation.
Studies by Climate Central and other groups have shown an increase
in the odds of some
precipitation events from warming.
Increases have also been reported for rarer
precipitation events (1
in 50 year return period), but only a few regions have sufficient data to assess such trends reliably.
The authors predict a 25 % rise
in the frequency of
precipitation whiplash
events by the end of the twenty - first century
in northern California, increasing up to 100 %
in southern California.
Daniel Swain and colleagues model how the frequency of these rapid, year - to - year transitions from extreme dry to wet conditions — which they dub «
precipitation whiplash
events» — may change
in California's future as a consequence of man - made warming.
However, there has been a general trend of decreasing winter
precipitation from 1950 to present; this pattern is most evident
in the northwest and central portions of the state and may be due to increased frequency of El Niño
events (see Climate chapter).
This annual report places the temperature and
precipitation averages into historical perspective, while summarizing the notable
events that occurred
in 2015.
Another aspect of this phenomenon is that
in a warmer, wetter world a larger proportion of the
precipitation falls
in extreme
events.
Discussion of the Results: The results show that there is good connection between ENSO
events and the changes
in the background temperature and the
precipitation in Nigeria.
Average winter
precipitation has decreased by 0.9 inches (2.3 cm), which can mostly be attributed to natural variability and an increase
in El Niño
events, especially
in the western and central parts of the state.
-- Along with analyzing historical trends
in temperature and
precipitation, we performed an analysis of changes
in extreme climate
events since the middle of last century.
Climate model projections show a warmer Montana
in the future, with mixed changes
in precipitation, more extreme
events, and mixed certainty on upcoming drought.
Around 1.2 billion people live
in areas of physical scarcity, and 500 million people are approaching this situation mainly due to lack of
precipitation combined with high variability and frequent drought
events, lack of infrastructure, increased pollution and unsustainable water management.