Sentences with phrase «precipitation extremes»
"precipitation extremes" refers to the occurrence of either very heavy rainfall or very dry conditions over a particular area. It highlights the extreme or unusual nature of the precipitation patterns, either in terms of excessive rain leading to floods or long periods without rain leading to droughts. Full definition
We used probability - based indices of precipitation extremes that facilitate the comparison of observations with models.
dotearth.blogs.nytimes.com
This study employed three newly developed global coupled climate models to study the impact of horizontal atmospheric model resolution (tile size) on precipitation extremes.
However, the observed precipitation — temperature scaling relationships have been established almost exclusively by linking precipitation extremes with day - to - day temperature variations.
Warming is linked to increases in precipitation extremes partly because of the physical effect of warming on atmospheric conditions.
Overall, scientists say the climatic causes of precipitation extremes are proving harder to pin down, even as the science of climate change attribution advances rapidly.
O'Gorman, P. A., and T. Schneider, 2009: The physical basis for increases in precipitation extremes in simulations of 21st - century climate change.
Bracken C., B. Rajagopalan, L. Cheng, W. Kleiber and S. Gangopadhyay (August 2016): Spatial Bayesian hierarchical modeling of precipitation extremes over a large domain.
«Human Contribution to More - Intense Precipitation Extremes.»
«We show that at the present - day warming of 0.85 °C about 18 % of the moderate daily precipitation extremes over land are attributable to the observed temperature increase since pre-industrial times, which in turn primarily results from human influence,» the research team said.
«Of course, weather is naturally chaotic, and extremes are a normal part of our highly variable UK climate, but globally there has recently been an increase in the incidence of high temperature and heavy precipitation extremes.
The case illustrates the challenges involved in attributing precipitation extremes and storms, which are caused by multiple factors, Hoerling said.
«How Much Do Precipitation Extremes Change in a Warming Climate?»
Murdock, T.Q., Cannon, A.J., Sobie, S.R., Veerman, B., Anslow, F. and Zwiers, F.W. (2014) Workshop Primer: Projected precipitation extremes for Coastal British Columbia.
A programming note: my colleagues and I have just completed a new study on changing California precipitation extremes, and the associated paper will be released in late April.
The researchers found that there were some improvements in the representation of climate extremes in global climate models, reflected in the closer correspondence of modelled precipitation extremes and those from simulations, and the decreased spread of values from the newer climate models.
Performance is assessed based on precipitation extremes indices and results from a generalized extreme value analysis applied to annual precipitation maxima.
«These contradictory points make the connection between the most recent precipitation extremes and climate change hard to make,» Crouch told Climate Central.
«The human influence on the climate system has the effect of intensifying precipitation extremes,» Zwiers notes.
As the 2014 Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change report notes, models predict that increasing temperature ought to cause greater precipitation extremes in both directions — both drought and flooding, though there are likely more areas of heavy precipitation.
Such an elevated temperature would amplify temperature and precipitation extremes enough to make the weather events of recent years look tame in comparison.
The paper, in the new issue of Journal of Climate, is «The resolution dependence of contiguous U.S. precipitation extremes in response to CO2 forcing» — by Karin van der Wiel of Princeton and colleagues.
Here, we review the evidence and argue that for some types of extreme — notably heatwaves, but also precipitation extremes — there is now strong evidence linking specific events or an increase in their numbers to the human influence on climate.
«Temperature Dependence of Global Precipitation Extremes.»
There is a minimum model resolution that is needed to capture weather phenomena generating precipitation extremes, for example for simulating tropical cyclones or precipitation enhancement over mountains.
Following the seasonal evolution of the precipitation climatology, increased precipitation extremes shift from the Central Great Plains in early summer to the Southwest in late summer.
These scaling relationships do not appear to provide a reliable basis for projecting future precipitation extremes.
He presented some climate indices that have been computed from downscaled output and one application, in which precipitation extremes are studied in the context of highway construction and maintenance.
PCIC is currently looking for a highly qualified individual to to conduct research on improving methods for estimating precipitation extremes in Canada.
Variations of twentieth - century temperature and precipitation extreme indicators in the northeast United States.
Extra heat of this kind would also tend to enhance precipitation extremes — more rain when it does rain and far more intense drought in areas affected by heat and atmospheric ridging.
Hoell A. and L. Cheng (July 2017): Austral summer Southern Africa precipitation extremes forced by the El Niño - Southern oscillation and the subtropical Indian Ocean dipole.
The recurring theme, though, is difficulties in conducting agriculture: drought in Central America, Pakistan, the western US or Australia, more monsoonal precipitation extremes in India, and strengthening cyclonic storms add up to a projected net global food deficit at 2.5 C.
QM can inflate the magnitude of relative trends in precipitation extremes with respect to the raw GCM, often substantially, as compared to DQM and especially QDM.
This article investigates the extent to which quantile mapping algorithms modify global climate model (GCM) trends in mean precipitation and precipitation extremes indices.
This is addressed by evaluating change in global or large - scale patterns in the frequency or intensity of extremes (e.g., observed widespread intensification of precipitation extremes attributed to human influence, increase in frequency and intensity of hot extremes) and by event attribution methods.
This post was originally published on this site Today the journal Nature Climate Change published results of a groundbreaking paper that explores the changing character of precipitation extremes in California.
«In this region where we have known precipitation extremes, we have been able to detect an increase in precipitation extremes due to a warming climate,» Kapnick said.
«We do see signs of precipitation extremes increasing in these regions.»
«It is therefore reasonable to expect that precipitation extremes will continue to intensify,» although how much is still a mystery, largely thanks to an unclear understanding of the atmospheric impact of how tiny flecks of pollution in the atmosphere — known as aerosols to scientists and comprising materials ranging from soot to sulfur dioxide.
In addition to accounting for drought and hurricane winds, the index considers temperature and precipitation extremes in the U.S..
The report, «Atmospheric Warming and the Amplification of Precipitation Extremes,» previewed in Science Express this Thursday, August 7, and published in an upcoming issue of Science, found that both observations and models indicated an increase in heavy rainstorms in response to a warmer climate.