Sentences with phrase «precipitation frequency for»

Figure 3 shows the relationship between observed surface air temperature and observed precipitation frequency for 28 summers, demonstrating that summers were hotter when it rained less often.

Not exact matches

A decrease in precipitation frequency translates into even more year - to - year variability in fresh water resources for the Southwest.

CLOUDY WITH A CHANCE OF ERUPTION Yellowstone's Old Faithful geyser is famous for its near - clocklike regularity, but scientists with the U.S. Geological Survey recently determined that annual precipitation influences the overall frequency of eruptions in Yellowstone: The more it rains and snows nearby, the more often the geysers pop.

Mean temperature, mean monthly precipitation, frequency of hot / cold days / nights, and indices of extreme precipitation are all estimated for each country based on observed and modeled data.

Second Assessment of Climate Change for the Baltic Sea Basin https://books.google.com/books?isbn=3319160060 The BACC II Author Team averaged frequency of extreme 1 - day precipitation totals above 15 mm and a... 4.6 Cloudiness and Solar Radiation 4.6.1 Cloudiness Records of cloudiness and solar... There is a trend of decreasing cloud cover over the Baltic Sea basin......

Without El Niño and La Niña feeding into the climate model, the frequency of extreme precipitation in California stayed constant for the simulation's century and a half.

This is especially true for the temperature extremes, but intensity, frequency and distribution of extreme precipitation are less well simulated.

This criterion may not be satisfied if observations are available only over a short time period (as is the case for the vertical structure of clouds), or if the predictor is defined through low - frequency variability (trends, decadal variability), or if there is a lack of consistency among available datasets (as in the case for global - mean precipitation and surface fluxes).

Accordingly, there is less certainty about the changes in frequency and intensity of tropical cyclones on a regional basis than for temperature and precipitation changes.

Increases in the frequency and intensity of extreme precipitation events are projected for all U.S. regions.

Given projected increases in the frequency and intensity of extreme precipitation events in the Midwest (Chapter 2: Our Changing Climate, Key Message 6), 57 it appears that sewer overflow will continue to constitute a significant current health threat and a critical source of climate change vulnerability for major urban areas within the Midwest.

For the entire Northern Hemisphere, there is evidence of an increase in both storm frequency and intensity during the cold season since 1950,1 with storm tracks having shifted slightly towards the poles.2, 3 Extremely heavy snowstorms increased in number during the last century in northern and eastern parts of the United States, but have been less frequent since 2000.11,15 Total seasonal snowfall has generally decreased in southern and some western areas, 16 increased in the northern Great Plains and Great Lakes region, 16,17 and not changed in other areas, such as the Sierra Nevada, although snow is melting earlier in the year and more precipitation is falling as rain versus snow.18 Very snowy winters have generally been decreasing in frequency in most regions over the last 10 to 20 years, although the Northeast has been seeing a normal number of such winters.19 Heavier - than - normal snowfalls recently observed in the Midwest and Northeast U.S. in some years, with little snow in other years, are consistent with indications of increased blocking (a large scale pressure pattern with little or no movement) of the wintertime circulation of the Northern Hemisphere.5 However, conclusions about trends in blocking have been found to depend on the method of analysis, 6 so the assessment and attribution of trends in blocking remains an active research area.

The frequency of heavy precipitation events has already increased for the nation as a whole, and is projected to increase in all U.S. regions (Ch.

There are multiple studies associating extreme precipitation events with waterborne disease outbreaks and strong climatological evidence for increasing frequency and intensity of extreme precipitation events in the future.

While seemingly incongruous, scientists are predicting both more droughts and flooding for the southeastern United States, noting that the region has already experienced changes in the frequency, distribution, and intensity of precipitation, a trend that is expected to continue.

Observed changes in short term precipitation intensity from previous research and the anticipated changes in flood frequency and magnitude expected due to enhanced greenhouse forcing are not generally evident at this time over large portions of the United States for several different measures of flood flows.

«For the high emissions scenario, it is likely that the frequency of hot days will increase by a factor of 10 in most regions of the world», said Thomas Stocker the other Co-chair of Working Group I. «Likewise, heavy precipitation will occur more often, and the wind speed of tropical cyclones will increase while their number will likely remain constant or decrease».

For example, the Climate and Health Assessment found that «rising temperatures, changing precipitation patterns, and a higher frequency of some extreme weather events associated with climate change will influence the distribution, abundance, and prevalence» of some vectors like the mosquitos that carry the West Nile virus.

The frequency of heavy precipitation events has already increased for the nation as a whole, and is projected to increase in all U.S. regions.

More than one - half of the stations showed a significant positive relationship at the daily time scale between warm nights (daily minimum temperature greater than the 90th percentile) or warm days (daily maximum temperature above the 90th percentile) and heavy - precipitation events (daily precipitation exceeding the 75th percentile), with the greater frequencies found for the east and southwest coasts during autumn and winter.

Mandelbrot calculates Hurst indices and 3rd and 4 th moments for 12 varve series, 27 tree ring series from western U.S. (no bristlecones), 9 precipitation series, 1 earthquake frequency series, 11 river series and 3 Paleozoic sediment series.

«Since the weather prediction model simulated the frequency and timing of summer precipitation more reliably than the global model, its daily high temperature predictions for the future are also believed to be more accurate,» added co-author Leonard Druyan, NASA Goddard Institute for Space Studies and Columbia University.

However, even accounting for the relatively large area of the GCM's computational elements (400 km × 500 km), Figure 2 shows that the GCM still overestimates precipitation frequency.

Correlation (color) and regression maps (contour) of SST (left) and SLP (right) associated with the first EOF modes of annual precipitation (a, b), low - frequency precipitation (c, d), and total water storage (e, f), which are calculated using annual mean data for the first EOF mode of annual precipitation, 10 - year running mean for precipitation, and 10 - year running mean leading with 5 - year for total water storage.

Correlation coefficients are calculated using annual mean data for the first EOF mode of annual precipitation, 10 - year running mean data for the low - frequency precipitation, and 10 - year running mean data leading with 5 - year for the total water storage.

This finding is consistent with the idea that soils provide a natural low - pass filter (integrator) for precipitation variability, yielding the low frequency signals in total water storage.

Changes in some types of extreme events have already been observed, for example, increases in the frequency and intensity of heat waves and heavy precipitation events (see FAQ 3.3).

Hence, even as the potential for heavier precipitation results from increased water vapour amounts, the duration and frequency of events may be curtailed, as it takes longer to recharge the atmosphere with water vapour.

The frequency of heavy precipitation events (or proportion of total rainfall from heavy falls) will be very likely to increase over most areas during the 21st century, with consequences for the risk of rain - generated floods.