Sentences with phrase «precursor cell»

In these early phases, skeletal muscle cells and white fat cells have a shared precursor cell.

It was concluded that brown fat derives from a precursor cell found in skeletal muscles.

In their paper, co-authors Lei Sun and Huangming Xie describe for the first time the cellular network that determines whether a precursor cell becomes a muscle cell or brown fat cell and miR - 193b - 365's role in this network.

usage of model organisms to understand and exploit the mechanisms controlling stem and precursor cell generation, maintenance, activation, recruitment, proliferation, homing and differentiation,

IL - 6 has been shown to be involved in diverse physiological processes such as T - cell activation, induction of immunoglobulin secretion, initiation of hepatic acute phase protein synthesis, and stimulation of hematopoietic precursor cell proliferation and differentiation.

We depict an early PrEn precursor cell defined by the V+S + phenotype in light yellow, expressing low levels of PrEn determinants such as Hex and Gata6.

The major gains in behavioral recovery and neuronal survival achieved by pre-differentiation of glial precursors to specific, beneficial astrocytic cell types prior to transplantation stresses the need to consider such manipulations as a critical component in the optimization of stem / precursor cell transplantation based therapies.

While it may be that precursor cell transplantation is of potential use in astrocyte replacement in neurological disorders such as ALS [56], our results demonstrate the importance of determining whether direct transplantation of astrocytes themselves provides greater benefit.

Differentially activated macrophages orchestrate myogenic precursor cell fate during human skeletal muscle regeneration

Another cell, called a beige fat cell, is an energy - burning cell that comes from the same precursor cell as white fat cells.

Images of a sperm - precursor cell from the fruit fly, Drosophila melanogaster.

«This is the first report of a particular normal human precursor cell type that shows such telomere malfunction,» says Dr. Eaves.

In meiosis, a precursor cell — primordial germ cell — produces four spermatozoids during spermatogenesis, while only one oocyte is formed during oogenesis (the other three cells die during the process).

Salk Institute scientists have discovered the holy grail of endless youthfulness — at least when it comes to one type of human kidney precursor cell.

This is a video of rotating view of neural precursor cell tracks obtained from the cell lineage reconstruction of early Drosophila embryonic nervous system development.

The aged egg, which may have had damaged mitochondria that wouldn't work as well, then has fresh mitochondria from the egg precursor cells to generate energy.

The raw materials that feed this voracious sperm factory are sperm precursor cells, called spermatogonia.

Usually imprinting marks are erased in the germ cell precursor cells and then rewritten in the eggs or sperm.

Although the face and heart don't end up so close together, they arise from the same type of precursor cells called neural crest cells.

They first devised a nanoscale plastic scaffold and then seeded it with common muscle precursor cells called myoblasts, along with endothelial cells of the sort found on the inside of blood vessels.

During normal brain development in the first weeks of life, precursor cells in the SVZ in the piglets give birth to neurons that migrate primarily to the prefrontal cortex, the team reports today in Science Translational Medicine.

The brains of the human babies with CHD that died in the first month of life also showed a depletion of neural precursor cells in the SVZ.

In newborn mammals, the SVZ is the biggest depot for the precursor cells that migrate to populate various brain regions, and differentiate into multiple cell types.

By tweaking different fly genes and counting how many neuron types were produced as the flies matured, the team identified a network of five genes that work together like coordinated control switches to guide the precursor cells» transformation to mature neurons.

All precursor cells have the same DNA, and how they produce one neuron type versus another was unknown.

Smell neurons begin as identical precursor cells, immature cells that have not yet «decided» which type of nerve cell they will become.

The scientists then progressed these endoderm cells two more steps, first into pancreatic precursor cells, and then into fully - functional pancreatic beta cells.

If these precursor cells can be coaxed into becoming fully functioning sperm cells, the technique could allow infertile men to father their own children, and even allow women to produce their own sperm.

That's consistent with earlier in vitro findings that Zika can infect and damage human neural precursor cells.

Tanyi and colleagues made each patient's vaccine by sifting through the patient's own peripheral blood mononuclear cells for suitable precursor cells, and then growing these, in the lab, into a large population of dendritic cells.

In 1868, however, the German pathologist Ernst Neumann discovered immature precursor cells in bone marrow, which turned out to be the actual site of blood cell formation, also known as hematopoiesis.

In a related paper published online today in Nature Biotechnology, Konrad Hochedlinger of the Harvard Stem Cell Institute in Cambridge and his colleagues compared the gene expression patterns in mouse iPS cells derived from white blood cells, muscle precursor cells, immune system cells called B cells, and fibroblasts taken from tail tips.

Using normal kidney development as a roadmap, the BWH investigators developed an efficient method to create kidney precursor cells that self assemble into structures which mimic complex structures of the kidney.

Over the following few weeks, these cells are replaced by new macrophages derived from precursor cells known as monocytes.

The rats were then divided into eight treatment groups of 15 animals each to test slightly differing combinations of chemicals that would allow the precursor cells to take on their desired roles.

The study also shows that complementary patterns of Cas and Eya reveal the gradual differentiation of polar and stalk precursor cells at the earliest stages of their development.

Even though the reproductive age for humans is around 15 — 45 years old, the precursor cells that go on to produce human eggs or sperm are formed much earlier, when the fertilized egg grows into a tiny ball of cells in the mother's womb.

These immortal precursor cells could then be «grown up» in petri dishes and differentiated into normal fat cells.

These results placed the resident OPC population in the focus of interest: what are the signals that control and enable the activation of these precursor cells in the adult zebrafish spinal cord?

We identified distinct clusters of CD4 - CTL effector and precursor cells in the TEMRA subset; the precursor cells shared TCR clonotypes with CD4 - CTL effectors and were distinguished by high expression of the interleukin - 7 receptor.

They report that CD4 - CTLs undergo significant clonal expansion and that CD4 - CTL precursor cells are characterized by high expression of interleukin - 7 receptor.

The study introduced here focused on a population of support cells in the spinal cord that helps to protect surviving nerve cells (neurons) after injury: oligodendrocytes and their precursor cells.

In response to muscle damage, these stem cells divide to generate precursor cells that become the fibres that make up our muscles.

Because the cells that give rise to sperm divide frequently — about 23 times a year — they are much more likely to accumulate genetic copying errors than the female precursor cells, oocytes, which divide only twice before becoming eggs.

«We now know that precursors cells can be reprogrammed in a way that function is impaired at the final stage of their development, but so far no one has discovered how to reverse the process.

With a cell - by - cell assessment of gene activity they are monitoring how precursor cells shape and organize themselves into something loosely resembling a functioning liver.

Precursor cells are cells that have not yet matured to undertake a specific function in the body, e.g. the function of a muscle or fat cell.

In the current study, Dr. Rudnicki and his team discovered that muscle stem cells also express the dystrophin protein, and without this protein, they produce ten-fold fewer muscle precursor cells, which in - turn generate fewer functional muscle fibres.

Within so - called epigenetic research, several studies have suggested that human precursor cells have a memory of past environmental exposures.

In theory, if the precursor cells can be pushed to mature into adulthood, they may become capable of producing myelin.