Sentences with phrase «precursor molecule»

In Amyris's process, sugarcane stalks are crushed and the juices are then placed in 5,000 - liter fermenters with the company's engineered yeast, which makes a diesel - precursor molecule.

And since beta - carotene is an important precursor molecule for Vitamin A, it also plays a role in the development of healthy skin as well as healthy and shiny coat.

Certain treatments for depression and anxiety therefore try to address the imbalance to the indolamine neurotransmitters through supplying the indoleamine or its precursor molecule in the diet.

The first such precursor molecule is acetyl CoA, so a deficiency in acetyl CoA could be the culprit.

Another novel biomarker is proneurotensin, the precursor molecule of neurotensin, which is peripherally released from the endocrine - like N - cells of the small intestine after fat intake (49).

The human body needs cholesterol to maintain membrane fluidity, and it acts as a precursor molecule for several important biochemical pathways.

Complicating matters, PGE2 is just one of five different prostaglandins originating from the precursor molecule produced by COX - 1 and COX - 2.

It involves injecting short segments of an insulin precursor molecule into the blood, helping to train immune cells to stop attacking the insulin - producing pancreatic cells.

Previous studies have revealed that exercise induces the production of irisin and its precursor molecule, FNDC5 (fibronectin - type III domain - containing 5) protein, which convert white fat tissue into beneficial, calorie - burning brown fat.

To verify their approach, they first used a precursor molecule with a well - known reaction, dimethylamine, and compared their experimental results to those of a computer modeling program before testing the four other precursors.

To produce triangulene, the team began with a precursor molecule called dihydrotriangulene, which lacks the reactive unpaired electrons.

Cyanide is a good candidate as a precursor molecule in the life - in - a-freezer model for several reasons.

In 2008, she genetically engineered yeasts to build an opiate precursor molecule.

Now her team has finished the end of the pathway, engineering yeasts to synthesise finished drugs from another type of precursor molecule (Nature Chemical Biology, DOI: 10.1038 / nchembio.1613).

Never before has it been so easy to obtain the instructions, the precursor molecules, and the manufacturing capabilities to produce exotic, unregulated compounds on a mass scale — or print out crude recipes for drugs you can make yourself.

Baur and colleagues examined the role of NAD precursor molecules on mitochondria by specifically disrupting the «NAD salvage pathway,» in mouse skeletal muscle.

This forms one of the precursor molecules, which is lead plus long oleate ligands, and a byproduct of water.

But doing calculations and following the synthesis processes suggested to Zherebetskyy and Wang that there might still be water in the precursor molecules: indeed, a series of spectroscopic experiments showed that the water binds strongly to the precursors and serves as a source of hydroxyl groups, charge 1 -, that can also allow passivation.

We know some precursor molecules came to Earth from space because amino acids are found in meteorites — fallen space rocks.

FEBID uses an electron beam from a scanning electron microscope to condense gaseous precursor molecules into a solid deposit on a surface.

«We knew from our work in Drosophila that Zucchini functions at the initial processing step, in which long piRNA precursor molecules are cut into shorter fragments,» explains Haase.

The researchers embedded heteroatoms at equivalent atomic sites in the nanographene ribbons using in - surface chemical reactions with special precursor molecules.

After the preparation of the key aryne precursor by CIQUS, IBM scientists used the sharp tip of a scanning tunneling microscope (STM) to generate individual aryne molecules from precursor molecules by atomic manipulation.

It is responsible for most anabolic reactions, in which precursor molecules are joined together into larger molecules.

Glucosamine is well - regarded as one of the precursor molecules of glycosaminoglycans which are, in turn, very important component of cartilage, the tissue that makes up the joints.

The researchers basically amplified and then short - circuited E. coli's internal machinery for producing large fatty - acid molecules, enabling them to convert precursor molecules directly into fuels and other chemicals.

Not exact matches

... The direct synthesis of... nucleotides from prebiotic precursors in reasonable yield and unaccompanied by larger amounts of unrelated molecules could not be achieved by presently known chemical reactions» (5).

Golden Rice is a strain that is genetically modified by molecular techniques (and therefore labeled a genetically modified organism or GMO) to produce β - carotene, a precursor of vitamin A. Vitamin A is an essential component of the light - absorbing molecule rhodopsin in the eye.

Splicing of the Tetrahymena ribosomal RNA precursor is mediated by the folded structure of the RNA molecule and therefore occurs in the absence of any protein in vitro.

Simple aromatic molecules such as benzonitrile may be precursors for polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon formation, providing a chemical link to the carriers of the unidentified infrared bands.

This molecule may be a precursor to more complex PAHs.

Biochemist Gerald Joyce of the Scripps Research Institute in La Jolla, California, and postdoctoral student John Reader wondered whether a more primitive RNA molecule resembling a hypothetical RNA precursor could trigger this same reaction.

At the American Physical Society meeting in March scientists reported that our makeup of complex molecules based on carbon and hydrogen is no fluke and that precursors to terrestrial life's distinctive chemistry apparently abound in distant space.

However, Muneshwar observed that those large molecules almost immediately shed ligands that do not connect to the precursor layer, freeing up previously blocked receptors.

«By trapping the precursors of malodours in the MIP, these are inaccessible for hydrolysis by enzymes in the skin bacteria and thus odorous molecules will not be formed.»

Now, researchers have succeeded by first synthesizing a larger precursor that has a couple of extra hydrogen atoms on it that stabilize the molecule.

Bloch, a member of the National Academy of Sciences, and his Harvard colleagues discovered that cholesterol's major precursor is acetic acid, a two - carbon molecule.

In 2016, Cornelia Meinert of the University Nice Sophia Antipolis in France and colleagues showed that irradiated ice forms a cornucopia of molecules essential to life, including ribose, the backbone of RNA, which may have been a precursor to DNA (SN: 4/30/16, p. 18).

In just two years of work with the Robert C. Byrd Green Bank Telescope, astronomers have discovered eight new organic molecules near the center of the Milky Way, bolstering theories that key chemical precursors of life were first forged in deep space.

During synthesis, GDF8 or myostatin, is made as a precursor which remains in a dormant state with half of the molecule holding the section of GDF8 responsible for signaling inactive, says Thompson.

The new results point to sulfites and bisulfites as a new class of molecules — ones that were actually available on early Earth — that chemists can now test in the lab, to see whether they can synthesize from these molecules the precursors for life.

Dopa is also a precursor for melanin, the molecule that pigments skin and fur.

They also found that distant metastases and their precursors processed glucose through a growth - promoting series of metabolic reactions called the pentose phosphate pathway, which burns (or oxidizes) glucose - derived molecules into building blocks for tumors.

They found that organic compounds, called amino nitriles, the molecular precursors to amino acids, were able to use molecules present in interstellar ice to trigger the formation of the backbone molecule, 2 - deoxy - D - ribose, of DNA.

That could help scientists understand how certain complex molecules, including some that could be precursors to life, came to exist in space, Hudson said.

Astronomers recently saw the chemical signature of phosphorus - oxygen molecules in a star - forming region, suggesting that simple precursors of DNA float in the soup of new solar systems.

Eventually he found that if he treated GRP cells with a special signaling molecule, they generated a type of astrocyte called GDA (glial - restricted precursor derived astrocyte).

To demonstrate this versatility, the researchers tested their approach with a metabolic pathway that produces a molecule called shikimate, which is a precursor to several different amino acids and is also an ingredient in some drugs including the influenza drug Tamiflu.

For the first time, complex organic molecules (depicted by stick molecules in the artist's representation above) that are potential precursors to some building blocks of life have been spotted in the protoplanetary disk surrounding another star.

Previously, researchers have shown that treating cells with neuregulin - 1, for example, dampens levels of amyloid precursor protein, a molecule that generates amyloid beta, which aggregate and form plaques in the brains of Alzheimer's patients.