The psychosocial outcome receiving the most attention from researchers is problem behaviour, with most studies finding perceived negative reactivity in infancy to
predict problem behaviour in childhood33, 34 and adolescent.35 Specifically, infants prone to
high levels of fear, frustration, and sadness, as well as difficulty recovering from such
distress, were found to be at increased risk for internalizing and externalizing problem behaviours according to parental and / or teacher report.
We
predicted that such deficits would be particularly marked for sadness and fear, given previous research showing disproportionate impairments in the processing
of distress cues in those with
high levels of CU traits (Dadds et al. 2006; Marsh and Blair 2008; Short et al. 2016).