Sentences with phrase «present temperatures by»

Not exact matches

The present review evaluates the evidence for such a complex system by investigating studies in which interventions such as elevated temperature, altered oxygen content of the air, reduced fuel availability and misinformation about distance covered have resulted in alterations to the pacing strategy.

Also in a paper presented by Nurudeen Bello on «Effects of Climate Change in Nigeria,» he stated that the adverse effect of climate change such as temperature rise, erratic ranfall, sandstorm, desertification, low agriculture yields, drying of water body lake Chad basin, gully erosion and constant flooding were daily realities in Nigeria.

Laboratory science has its usual pitfalls, and now add these: low temperature and high wind, reagents that never made it to Antarctica, unpredictable weather conditions that delay or cut short trips to your test site because it's dangerous to fly a helicopter in a snowstorm, Weddell seals that won't let you fish in your fishing hole, the unavoidable distraction presented by a troop of curious penguins, and... well, you get the picture.

The climate change «hockey stick» is a graph first published in 1998 by Michael Mann et al. that attempted to reconstruct the mean surface temperature on the planet during the period A. D. 900 to the present, using multiple proxies, such as tree rings, to measure temperatures before formal instrumentation was in use.

But the U.K. Met Office (national weather service), the U.S.'s National Center for Atmospheric Research and other partners around the globe aim to change that in the future by developing regular assessments — much like present evaluations of global average temperatures along with building from the U.K. flooding risk modeling efforts — to determine how much a given season's extreme weather could be attributed to human influence.

Innovative urban design could create increased access to active transport.99 The compact geographical area found in cities presents opportunities to reduce energy use and emissions of heat - trapping gases and other air pollutants through active transit, improved building construction, provision of services, and infrastructure creation, such as bike paths and sidewalks.303, 318 Urban planning strategies designed to reduce the urban heat island effect, such as green / cool roofs, increased green space, parkland and urban canopy, could reduce indoor temperatures, improve indoor air quality, and could produce additional societal co-benefits by promoting social interaction and prioritizing vulnerable urban populations.311, 303

The expansion chamber will be used to create a supercooled cloud by expansion and growth of drops at temperatures below 260 K.... In addition to experiments with supercooled liquid droplets already present (freezing nucleation), we will also investigate ice nucleation without pre-existing droplets (deposition nucleation).

Surface temperatures in 1998 were enhanced by the major 1997 — 1998 El Niño but no such strong anomaly was present in 2005.

Global warming will also mean more forest fires; hurricanes hitting cities that are at present too far north of the equator to be affected by them; tropical diseases spreading beyond their present zones; the extinction of species unable to adapt to warmer temperatures; retreating glaciers and melting polar icecaps; and rising seas inundating coastal areas.

With its mention of the ocean and the pursuit to reduce global warming to well below 2, even 1.5 degrees Celsius above pre-industrial temperatures, the agreement adopted by all 196 parties of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) in Paris on December 12, 2015, is appreciated by scientists present at the negotiations.

A recent paper by Hausfather et al found that NOAA's new SST version ERRSTv4 matched sea surface temperatures from buoys (and satellites) quite well from 1997 until present, whereas HadSST3 had an apparent residual cooling bias in the same period.

The present ice ages are the most studied and best understood, particularly the last 400,000 years, since this is the period covered by ice cores that record atmospheric composition and proxies for temperature and ice volume.

The catalog is based on a compilation of literature values for atmospheric properties (temperature, surface gravity, and metallicity) derived from different observational techniques (photometry, spectroscopy, as... ▽ More We present revised properties for 196,468 stars observed by the NASA Kepler Mission and used in the analysis of Quarter 1 - 16 (Q1 - Q16) data to detect and characterize transiting exoplanets.

Produced by NASA, the chart illustrates how temperatures have compared to «normal» (or the 1951 - 1980 average) from 1880 to present, from pole to pole -LRB--90 latitude to 90 latitude).

Actual planetary surface temperature would likely be higher due to warming by any atmosphere gases that might be present (Borucki et al, 2011, pp. 21 - 23, Table 6).

By purchasing raw, you will be able to control the roasting time and temperature, and avoid unnecessary damage to helpful fats present in the seeds.

Led by their teacher, Lara Pratt, the Year 7 and 8 students at the New South Wales school monitor things like pH, temperature, dissolved oxygen, salinity and record any unusual cells that are present.

In standard mode, the color screen presents a traditional tachometer in which a digital speedometer and the gear indicator are embedded, flanked by readings for the trip odometer, hours since engine start, temperature and fuel gauge, and speed and fuel - consumption figures.

By a similar reasoning, since the cooling capacity of the system is influenced also by the airflow over the evaporator at a present time (along by the flow of liquid refrigerant through it and its exchange surface), the cabin's temperature is influenced by the fan speeBy a similar reasoning, since the cooling capacity of the system is influenced also by the airflow over the evaporator at a present time (along by the flow of liquid refrigerant through it and its exchange surface), the cabin's temperature is influenced by the fan speeby the airflow over the evaporator at a present time (along by the flow of liquid refrigerant through it and its exchange surface), the cabin's temperature is influenced by the fan speeby the flow of liquid refrigerant through it and its exchange surface), the cabin's temperature is influenced by the fan speeby the fan speed.

With 755 horsepower the 2019 Chevrolet Corvette zr1 is the most powerful Corvette ever it's also the most technologically advanced behind me are the rolling s's at Road Atlanta and we're here to see if we can reach to the supercar levels of performance afforded by this thing's massive power big tires and the tall wing on the back after that we'll take to the streets to see if a car this powerful can behave itself in public this is a monster of a car I've had some brief track opportunities moving this morning to get used to the pace of this machine which is phenomenal we're gonna warm up as we get out to the road Atlanta and sort of build up to the pace that this car can operate at now initially when you hop in this car you have this shrine to the engine right above you you see the line of the hood it kind of dominates the center of the view you can see over it it doesn't affect visibility but it's immediately obvious and that kind of speaks to what makes this car special it's a monster of an engine listen to that [Music] that is tremendous tremendous acceleration and incredible power but what I finding so far my brief time here at the Atlanta is that everything else in the car is rut has risen to match hurt me while I lay into it on the back straight look you know 150 mile - an - hour indicated we're going to ease up a little bit on it because I need to focus on talking rather than driving but like I was saying the attributes of the rest of the car the steering the braking capability the grip every system of this car is riding to the same level of the power and I think that's what makes it really impressive initially this is undoubtedly a mega mega fast car but it's one that doesn't terrify you with its performance potential there's a level of electronic sophistication that is unparalleled at this price point but it's hard not to get you know totally slipped away by the power of this engine so that's why I keep coming back to it this car has an electronically controlled limited slip differential it has shocks filled with magnetically responsive fluid that can react faster to inputs and everything this car has a super sophisticated stability control system that teaches you how to drive it quick but also makes you go faster we haven't even gotten into exploring it yet because the limits of this car are so high that frankly it takes a while to grow into it but [Music] I think what's impressive about this car is despite how fast it is it is approachable you can buy this car to track dates with it and grow with it as a driver and as an owner I think that's a really special [Music] because you will never be more talented than this car is fast ever unless you are a racing driver casually grazing under 50 miles an hour on this straight okay I'm just going to enjoy driving this now [Music][Applause][Music] this particular Corvette zr1 comes with the cars track performance package a lot of those changes happen underneath the sheet metal but one of the big differences that is immediately obvious is this giant carbon fiber wing now the way this thing is mounted is actually into the structure of the vehicle and it makes you know loading the rear hatch a bit more difficult but we're assuming that's okay if you're looking for the track performance this thing delivers also giving you that performance are these Michelin Pilot Sport cup tires which are basically track oriented tires that you can drive on the street but as we wake our way to the front of the thing what really matters is what's under the hood that's right there's actually a hole in the hood of this thing and that's because this engine is so tall it's tall because it has a larger supercharger and a bunch of added cooling on it to help it you know keep at the right temperature the supercharger is way larger than the one on the zo six and it has a more cooling capacity and the downside is it's taller so it pops literally through the hood the cool thing is from the top you can actually see this shake when you're looking at it from you know a camera from the top of the vehicle this all makes for 755 horsepower making this the most powerful Corvette ever now what's important about that is this not just the power but likewise everything in the car has to be built to accommodate and be able to drive to the level of speed this thing can develop that's why you had the massive cooling so I had the aerodynamics and that's why I had the electronic sophistication inside [Applause] we had a lot of time to take this car on the track yesterday and I've had the night to think about things Matt today two crews on the road and see how this extreme performance machine deals with the sort of more civil minded stuff of street driving the track impressions remain this thing is unquestionably one of the most capable cars you can get from a dealer these days a lot of that's besides the point now because we're on the street we have speed limits they have the ever - present threat of law enforcement around every corner so the question is what does this car feel like in public when you slow this car down it feels like a more powerful Corvette you don't get much tram lining from these big wheels though we as the front end doesn't want to follow grooves in the pavement it is louder it is a little firmer but it's certainly livable on a day to day basis that's surprising for a vehicle of this capability normally these track oriented cars are so hardcore that you wouldn't want to drive them to the racetrack but let's face it you spend more time driving to the track than you do on the track and the fact that this thing works well in both disciplines is really impressive I can also dial everything back and cruise and not feel like I'm getting punished for driving a hardcore track machine that's a that's a really nice accomplishment that's something that you won't find in cars that are this fast and costs maybe double this much the engine in this car dominates the entire experience you can't miss the engine and the whole friend this car is sort of a shrine to it the way it pops out of the hood the way it's covered with coolers around the sides it is the experience of this car and that does make driving this thing special and also the fact that it doesn't look half bad either in fact I think it has some of the coolest looking wheels currently available on a new car this car as we mentioned this car has the track package the track package on this car gives you what they call competition bucket seats which are a little wide for my tastes but I'm you know not the widest person in the world this automatic transmission works well I mean there's so much torque again out of this engine that it can be very smooth and almost imperceptible its clunky on occasion I think I'd might opt for the manual although Chevy tells me about 80 % of its customers will go for the automatic I don't think they're gonna be disappointed and that's gonna be the faster transmission drag strip on the street - and on the racetrack man it was a little bit more satisfying to my taste though we've talked about the exhaust I have it set in the track setting let's quiet it down a little bit so you can hear the difference now I've set that separately from everything else so let's put it stealth what happened to the engine sound that's pretty that's pretty amazing man stealth is really stealth and then go back to track Wow actually a really big difference that's that's pretty great the Corvette has always been a strong value proposition and nowhere is that more evident than this zr1 giving you a nearly unbeatable track performance per dollar now the nice thing is on the road this doesn't feel like a ragged edge track machine either you could genuinely drive it every day the compromises are few and that's what makes this car so special if you like what you see keep it tuned right here and be sure to visit Edmunds.com [Music]

For the legions of attendees who were present at Subiefest 2015 this past Saturday at the Auto Club Speedway in Fontana, CA, the 107 - degree temperature was made bearable by a....

Total time from being bitten by an infected mosquito to infection by mature heartworms is typically 5 — 8 months, depending on the ambient temperature, and antigen tests can not detect an infection until there is a gravid (pregnant) female present.

Prepping Your Horse for Wintertime By Stephanie Meyer, DVM, CVA, Pilchuck Veterinary Hospital The cold temperatures of winter present challenges for horses and their owners.

Everything has an air of TV style presentation with pre-race build up that provides an overview of the track layout accompanied by a full grid line - up which carries through to the gameplay with data overlays of the gaps between two drivers; fastest lap; track and tyre temperatures; formation lap, alongside post-race coverage for the latest championship standings presented exactly as you would expect to see it when watching professional television coverage.

She presents a series of brief videos, carefully scripted and acted, illustrating scenes of low - temperature sadism and other madness: a mother berating her daughter for presenting herself poorly, while offering to help her improve; a father (perhaps) asking after his daughter's well - being, breaking down her poise by dismissing her expressions of contentment; three women planning a «project» in terms so vague and empty that they soon alienate one another.

Regarding the ratio of arctic to global average temperature, your last link presents evidence that it was not affected by the distribution of insolation during LIG.

A few things are unequivocal, perhaps (doubling from the present concentration of CO2 will take 140 years [give or take]; the idea that the changes in climate since 1880 have been in the aggregate beneficial; it takes more energy to vaporize a kg of water than to raise its temperature by 1K; ignoring the energy cost of water and latent heat transport [in the hydrologic cycle] leads to equilibrium calculations overestimating the climate sensitivity), but most are propositions that I think need more research, but can't be refuted on present evidence.

Your earlier # 182 was equally disconcerting where you quoted Norris and Slingo (2009) saying «At present, it is not known whether changes in cloudiness will exacerbate, mitigate, or have little effect on the increasing global surface temperature caused by anthropogenic greenhouse radiative forcing.»

I would expect the albedo effect presented by clouds to be weak over the mostly snow / ice covered Antarctica, but Svensmark argues that the clouds here warm rather than cool the temperature.

Narrowly scoped, the present situation is either strictly caused by solar variations (in which case I believe the «solar variation» crowd will inappropriately gain credibility over the next 10 to 20 years as we work through the next below average solar cycle or two), or strictly caused by CO2 concentrations (in which case I believe the «CO2 concentrations» crowd will inappropriately lose credibility as the non-linear relationship (sensitivity is based on doublings, not linear increases) between increased CO2 concentrations, and forecasts for below average solar cycles reduces the longer term upward trend in global temperatures).

According to [Moelg and Hardy, 2004], if air temperature were 1 degree C colder than at present, the potential ablation would be reduced by 14.2 millimeters per month (liquid water equivalent).

Consequently, as they say slightly earlier in the abstract: «At present, it is not known whether changes in cloudiness will exacerbate, mitigate, or have little effect on the increasing global surface temperature caused by anthropogenic greenhouse radiative forcing.»

So if we continue on our present course, climate change will probably take on a life of its own, spiral out of control and according to a recent paper, by 2300 we could see a temperature rise of 12 degrees centigrade.

Tropical corals are particularly at risk from bleaching, due to higher than average sea temperature, and from calcium carbonate skeleton dissolution as a result of lowering sea pH. It is estimated that up to 50 % of coral may be killed by 2030 under present trends.

Taking the adjustments at face value — all temperatures from 1946 to 1970 will have to be increased by 0.25 - 0.3 deg C since there is convincing evidence that 1970 temperatures were bucket (Kent et al 2007), and that this will be phased out from 1970 to present according to the proportions in the Kent et al 2007 diagram.

First of all McIntyre said, «If the benchmark is an all - engine inlet measurement system... all temperatures from 1946 to 1970 will have to be increased by 0.25 - 0.3 deg C since there is convincing evidence that 1970 temperatures were bucket (Kent et al 2007), and that this will be phased out from 1970 to present according to the proportions in the Kent et al 2007 diagram... Recent trends will be cut in half or more, with a much bigger proportion of the temperature increase occurring prior to 1950 than presently thought.»

Another important and under - appreciated feature of the present situation is the «Cool Blob» sea - surface temperatures [SSTs] in the North Atlantic mentioned in the post by Robert Scribbler [here].

More on Global Climate Change: Warmest April, Ever - NOAA Releases New Global Temperature Data 5.2 °C Temperature Rise by 2100: New Business - As - Usual Climate Change Scenario Presented by MIT Warming Temperatures Stunt Autumn Leaf Colors

In mid-20th Century, medieval temperatures are exceeded in all the reconstructions, hence recent (last 10 - 15 years, say) temperatures appear to be unprecedented for at least a millennium (that even holds for the alternative histories presented by the «hockey stick» critics).

«Results of this study suggest that the climate system's transient SAT [temperature] response lags the present day radiative forcing by approximately 20 years, leading to a present day warming commitment of approximately 1.0 K.»

«If the global numbers come out as CRU has presented over the years, then it will strike a blow to skepticism about global temperature trend records produced by CRU and restore a good deal of credibility to this area of climate science.»

Point 4 states: The additional 125 ppm CO2 have a heating effect of 2 watts per square meter of earth surface, due to the well - known greenhouse effect — enough to raise the global temperature by around 1 °C until the present.»

«This perspective article focuses on intervals in time in the fossil record when atmospheric CO2 concentrations increased up to 1200 ppmv, temperatures in mid - to high - latitudes increased by greater than 4 °C within 60 years, and sea levels rose by up to 3 m higher than present.

I suspect that although currently the probability of lethal wet bulb temperatures, or catastrophic rain events are very low, because of the shapes of the curves and «the Statistical parameters are surprisingly predictable, and weather statistics is systematically influenced by the physical conditions present» that their relative increase and risk are much higher than most people appreciate.

It can firstly be debunked by showing the temperature trend up to the present day and show increase, by admitting that indeed they haven't increased at the rate they did in the 1990's, explain that there is a lot of noise in the results and finally that some quite well understood non-human caused forcings such as el - nino can cause temporary amplifications or suppressions of the global temperature.

This animation shows how the present (year 2000) global mean surface temperature change of 0.8 Â °C increases to 7.8 Â °C by 2300.

He goes on to describe how global treaty negotiations have been unproductively framed around limiting the rise in temperature in the coming decades by working backward to present - day emission targets and timetables.

A recent paper by Loehle & Scafetta (L&S 2011) in a journal known as the «Bentham Open Atmospheric Science Journal «(also discussed at Skeptical Science) presents some analysis using regression to describe cycles in the global mean temperature, showing us many strange tricks one can do with curves and sinusoids, in something they call «empirical decomposition» (whatever that means).

Heating of the thermosphere is due to absorption of highly energetic solar radiation by the small amount of residual molecular oxygen still present, and temperatures can rise to 2,000 deg.

I think there is some signal of the solar cycle in global temperature if you account for the other factors, but it looks different than what was presented by Scafetta and West.