Discount the amount of cash outflow saved to solve for the decrease in
the present value of the variable - rate liability.
Not exact matches
(In technical terms, the relationships
presented for these
variables reflect the effect
of an increase
of one standard deviation in the
value of the characteristic in question.)
The
variable PV stands for
present value, R is annual interest rate and N is the loan term as a number
of years.
presents the estimates
of two probit regressions: in the first column, the macro-dependent
variable is the OECD Composite Leading Indicator; in the second column, the market - dependent
variable is a dummy
variable that takes the
value of 1 if the next 12 months» real - dividend - per - share growth is above its long - term average, and zero otherwise.
The cost
of retirement, also known as the stochastic (or random)
present value of retirement, was the actual cost
of paying for a given income in retirement when the unknown
variables of longevity and asset returns were allowed to occur by chance.
These equations
present a great potential for use in routine
of veterinary cardiology, since they are easy to interpret, requiring only that the
values for each
variable found during the examination be inserted.
He also
presented an example
of the application
of bias correction to individual meteorological
variables prior to the formulation
of the index based on climate simulations, and showed that the
values obtained for the index fitted quite nicely the observations.
On current gas price expectations, a CO2 price
of only $ 5 per ton would be sufficient to make new gas - fired generators as economical as new coal - fired plants, based on the
present value of fixed and
variable costs.
I'm quite familiar with «noise» which represents anything appearing in an output
value,
of some
variable that is neither
present in the input nor dependent on any input
value; and
of course that «appearance» could be real as an actual component
of an output signal, or it could be the result
of experimental measurement error; due to limitations
of the experimental method or equipment.
To generate predicted probabilities, we held all
variables at their means (or modal
values if dichotomous) aside from the difference in readability score
variable, which we varied from -4 to 4 based on the spectrum
of our data.102 The results for the predicted probability that a moving party prevails on a motion for summary judgment based on a given readability score are
presented in Figure 1 below.103
To determine the actuarial
present value of the benefit we need to calculate the expected
value E (Z)-LCB- \ displaystyle \, E (Z)-RCB-
of this random
variable Z. Suppose the death benefit is payable at the end
of year
of death.
This time the random
variable Y is the total
present value random
variable of an annuity
of 1 per year, issued to a life aged x, paid continuously as long as the person is alive, and is given by:
Generally, the results
of the
present study supported mediating role
value capital, relational capital and brand capital
variables in relationship between social media and e-shopping
of customers.
The regression results are
presented as odds ratios for each independent
variable, all
of which have a significance
value and 95 % confidence intervals attached.