Re 9 wili — I know of a paper suggesting, as I recall, that enhanced «backradiation» (downward radiation reaching the
surface emitted by the air / clouds) contributed more to Arctic amplification specifically
in the cold part of the year (just to be clear, backradiation should generally increase with any warming (aside from greenhouse feedbacks) and more so with a warming due to an increase
in the greenhouse effect (including feedbacks like water vapor and, if positive, clouds, though regional
changes in water vapor and clouds can go against the global trend); otherwise it was always my understanding that the albedo feedback was key (while sea ice decreases so far have been more a summer phenomenon (when it would be warmer to begin with), the heat capacity of the sea
prevents much
temperature response, but there is a greater build up of heat from the albedo feedback, and this is released
in the cold part of the year when ice forms later or would have formed or would have been thicker; the seasonal effect of reduced winter snow cover decreasing at those latitudes which still recieve sunlight
in the winter would not be so delayed).
One of the important points for the actual dispute is if the increase of evaporation from the
surface of the oceans
prevents the rise of
temperature of oceans, which would be expected due to the increase of the back radiation (which,
in turn, is due to the
change of the composition of the atmosphere).
It could be evenly distributed
in the global ocean causing an almost imperceptable rise
in its
temperature well beyond the margin of detection error or it could be rejected by more efficient means of transport from
surface to space or by a
change which
prevents it from ever reaching the
surface in the first place.