Besides the non-parallel rating systems between local and the international standards, the implicit government guarantees
prevented bond defaults, which had made it difficult to analyze the true underlying credit risk.
The idea of debt amnesties was to
prevent debt from tearing society apart — to
prevent the kind of crisis that the United States has been in since 2008, when President Obama didn't cancel the junk -
bond debts, or the debts that tore the Greek economy apart — when the IMF and Europe imposed them on Greece instead of letting it
default on debts owed to French and German bondholders.