Sentences with phrase «previous studies assumed»

It reduced a lake's biodiversity by as much as one third before reaching the level of acidity that previous studies assumed the damage began.

Not exact matches

A previous study showed that in the Campania region, the prevalence of full breastfeeding at 6 months was 7 %.12 Assuming a 20 % loss to follow - up, we calculated that we would require ∼ 240 mother and father pairs to detect a statistically significant increase of 15 % (1 − α = 95 %, 1 − β = 80 %) in the rate of full breastfeeding at 6 months.13 To avoid communication between study groups, which would be likely if people who were admitted to the same hospital unit were exposed to different messages at the same time, we did not randomize the participants as it usually is done, 14 but we allocated the 2 study groups into 2 consecutive blocks of time, after having randomly paired the 2 study groups with the 2 blocks of time.

This date is 20 million years younger than suggestions from previous studies which used molecular data from living mammals and assumed a near - constant rate of evolution.

Previous studies of distant dead galaxies have assumed that their structure is similar to the local elliptical galaxies they will evolve into.

Previous studies comparing brains across species tended to assume that human brains were just blown - up versions of monkey brains and that functions are carried out by anatomically similar areas.

Previous studies focusing on spatial - reward associative learning in foraging animals have assumed that foraging efficiency increases as the forager learns the locations of greater rewards.

The analysis follows previous studies that show that a business - as - usual scenario, which assumes a continued growth of global emissions, would deliver a warming increase of 4.5 °C by 2100.

«In the previous studies, astronomers have estimated the size based on radio emissions assuming hypothetical spherical dust particles,» explains Kataoka.

Previous studies have suggested a widespread extinction among flowering plants at the K - T boundary, and it's long been assumed that the bees who depended upon those plants would have met the same fate.

Estimates of current and ancestral population sizes (Ne1 = 1,600,000; Ne2 = 780,000; Nancestral = 470,000), divergence time (1,800,000 years and assuming a generation time of 1 year), and gene flow (2Nm1autosomal = 1.69; 2Nm2autosomal = 0.83; 2Nm1X - chromosome = 0.38; 2Nm2X - chromosome = 0.26) were obtained from previous studies and inferred using an Isolation - with - Migration model [21], [26].

Unfortunately, in reporting new scientific studies a common fallacy is to implicitly assume a new study is automatically «better» than previous work and supersedes this.

Based on previous studies it was assumed that the entire region was much drier during the Last Glacial Maximum compared to present conditions, «Niedermeyer concludes.

Previous research assumed this was an accidental by - product of humans actively selecting against aggression, but the new study supports the idea that childlike facial expressions in domestic dogs have arisen as a result of indirect selection by humans.

Since they show with this study that Stadium waves will probably moderate temperature up and down you could assume the previous upward waves contributed to warming and therefore COULD contribute to cooling or A LULL in the warming.

I assume if if they were to rerun the study, they could include the previous study results as yet another endorsement of AGW.

Dead trees with no foliage were assumed to be recorded in a previous year's study.

The ozone losses predicted in the study are much larger than losses estimated in previous «nuclear winter» and «ultraviolet spring» scenario calculations following nuclear conflicts -LSB-...] A 1985 National Research Council Report predicted a global nuclear exchange involving thousands of megatons of explosions, rather than the 1.5 megatons assumed in the PNAS study, would deplete only 17 percent of the Northern Hemisphere's stratospheric ozone, which would recover by half in three years.

The study did not assume 100 % adoption of each intervention; rather, drawing on empirical data of adoption rates for previous health and environmental behavior interventions, the researchers estimated potential adoption rates ranging from 15 % for carpooling to 90 % for weatherization.

Taken together, this set of studies offers evidence for what many people assumed, but previous research failed to support: more sex may coincide with some forms of relationship happiness, just not the ones we're consciously aware of.

Although previous studies generally assumed that pathological gaming has an effect on aggressive behavior, and not vice versa (e.g., Caplan et al. 2009; Grüsser et al. 2007; Kim et al. 2008), the cross-sectional nature of these studies does not allow for rigorous testing of such causal assumptions.