InsideClimate News also contacted three pipeline companies (TransCanada, Enbridge and Kinder Morgan), three refineries that
process tar sands crude (Valero, Suncor Energy U.S.A. and BP Whiting), and the Canadian Association of Petroleum Producers (CAPP) to ask about possible taxes on tar sands imports.
The difference is that it takes a lot more energy, and therefore carbon, to extract and
process tar sands oil.
The communities along this corridor have long faced health impacts and pollution from these refineries, and the pollution is only getting worse as the refineries accept and
process tar sands crude, which exposes residents to even greater levels of toxic chemicals, particulate matter, sulfur dioxide, lead, carbon dioxide, and other harmful pollutants.
We know which oil refineries
process tar sands, and ForestEthics has already convinced 19 companies to stop buying from them.
Between them and the B.C. coast, a lattice of proposed pipelines pumping crude from tar sands to coast, and pumping back the imported kerosene - like condensate needed to
process the tar sands.
Extracting and
processing tar sands has always been a tough business.
Extracting and
processing tar sands creates a carbon footprint three times that of conventional crude.
The multi-billion dollar refinery, which
processes tar sands imported from Alberta, Canada, into crude oil, is located in Southwest Detroit bordering the neighboring communities of River Rouge, and Melvindale.
The remainder include nine industrial facilities manufacturing iron or
processing tar sands, for instance.
Mining and
processing tar sands also create a toxic sludge called tailings.
Not exact matches
The pipeline would connect Canada's
tar sands with refineries on the Texas Gulf Coast that specialize in
processing heavy crude oil.
The State Department announced today that it will delay the decision - making
process on the Keystone XL
tar sands pipeline, citing the need for more clarity around the project's route.
Production increases noticeably from the mid-1980s to present day: Visible in the pictures are the tailing ponds holding contaminated water and material from the extraction
process, along with surface stripping.So, in light of the near - certain death of the Keystone XL pipeline, will Canada's
tar sand production continue to grow in the coming years?
The fee for unconventional fossil fuels, such as oil from
tar sands and gas from hydrofracking, should include carbon released in mining and refining
processes, e.g., methane leakage in hydrofracking [245]--[249].
The real crux of the matter is whether we are going to go to clean energy and conservation, or whether we are going to go to oil shale,
tar sands, and coal - to - liquid, and in the
process wreck the planet.
Around two tons of
tar sand must be
processed to produce one barrel of heavy bitumen - based crude oil.
That is of course happening with
tar sands whereby natural gas is used to
process the kerogen.
In fact, even to reach that level would require exploiting resources like
tar sands and oil shale that are not only environmentally problematic but also expensive to
process.
For example, some
tar sands production uses the
tar sands themselves as sources of energy for some of the
process — classed as «internal» inputs.
Tar sands is expensive to extract and
process — with breakeven prices approaching $ 100 per barrel — and cheap transportation is required to make new projects profitable.
Those include pipeline safety, consideration of alternate pipeline routes, and the impact the pollution from U.S. refineries
processing Canadian
tar sands will have on the poor who live nearby.
It expanded extraction using hydrofracturing in
tar sands to increase activity in offshore oil drilling all over the world, thereby maximizing its rate of fossil fuel extraction and
processing.
Tar sands oil not only exceeds conventional petroleum, but the energy used in mining, processing, and transporting tar sands oil makes it slightly worse — in terms of CO2 produced per unit energy — than co
Tar sands oil not only exceeds conventional petroleum, but the energy used in mining,
processing, and transporting
tar sands oil makes it slightly worse — in terms of CO2 produced per unit energy — than co
tar sands oil makes it slightly worse — in terms of CO2 produced per unit energy — than coal.
These groups have either already moved organizational money out of banks that finance DAPL and / or other
tar sands pipelines, or are in the
process of doing so.
Do, therefore, 200,000 cubic kilometers of Athabascan
Tar sands need to be
processed to provide just two years worth of potential Chinese consumption?
Every step of the
tar sands process, from mine, to pipeline, to refinery, to the gas tank, to the tailpipe releases toxic chemicals into the air and water, and threatens communities and wildlife with spills and contamination.
Others are
processing plants for
tar sands or biofuel.
The fee for unconventional fossil fuels, such as oil from
tar sands and gas from hydrofracking, should include carbon released in mining and refining
processes, e.g., methane leakage in hydrofracking [245]--[249].
For example, suggestions have arisen in Congress for the U.S. to impose an export ban on Keystone XL
tar sands oil and tighten existing controls in the natural gas export permitting
process.
One of the previous Healing Walks toured Martinez, California (pictured above and below), home to two refineries that
process oil and
tar sands crude — and also home to a strong resistance among residents who are fighting for the health of their community.
That's true even when one counts the energy - intensive
tar sands extraction and
processing — and, of course, there are plenty of upstream emissions associated with coal mining that I've left out of the equation here.
All I counted, in short, was the CO2 that will be directly released by burning the oil plus the emissions required to extract and
process the oil from the
tar sands deposits.
Cenovus itself, the company using SAP to produce
tar sands, describes it as a
process used hand - in - hand with typical SAGD methods to produce
tar sands.
The
process of converting
tar sands into fuel releases three to five times the greenhouse gas emissions of conventional oil.
Yet this amendment would bypass executive authority, injecting Congress into the decision - making
process that is already underway at the State Department and force all of the risks of this
tar sands pipeline onto the American people just to help Canadian companies ship oil overseas.
Tar sand itself is made of clay,
sand, water and bitumen, which needs to be refined in an extremely energy - and water - intensive
process.
Meanwhile, Exxon Mobil was investing its massive $ 45 billion in earnings in maximizing extraction and
processing of oil and gas, including the controversial use of hydrofracturing (fracking) to extract fuel from
tar sands and the expansion of offshore oil drilling.
The
process is so carbon intensive that to create oil from the
tar sands emits at least five times more carbon dioxide then does the effort of
processing «sweet crude» oil.
In contrast, Whole Foods has already found one new fuel supplier, and is in the
process of phasing out any use of fuels sourced from the
tar sands.
The Inspector General of the U.S. State Department has opened an investigation into the handling of the permitting
process for the
tar sands pipeline.
Consider that we start to use lower - grades of oil and other fossil fuels that require greater investment in energy to extract and
process the fuel (for example,
tar sands and oil shale).
Brandt found that the Shell ICP production
process has GHG emissions that are similar to those from
tar sands production in Alberta; and that the mining and retorting
process has emissions significantly in excess of synthetic fuels produced from coal and over 4 times the emissions from conventional oil (Table 2).