Sentences with phrase «produce multiple cell»

Not exact matches

Scientists have identified as many as 80 others, which range from type 1 diabetes, which develops when the body attacks its insulin - producing cells, to multiple sclerosis, psoriasis, and rheumatoid arthritis.

In the clearest possible case, the ANT - OAR cell would differ from a zygote on all of the parameters noted above: The ANT - OAR cell would have a pattern of gene expression that is clearly distinct from a zygote; it would generate a homogeneous population of cells rather than multiple cell types; it would undergo simple cleavage divisions and not produce any multicellular structures.

Juan Carlos Izpisúa Belmonte of the Salk Institute in La Jolla, California, knew that stem cells are more useful for gene therapy than ordinary cells, because they produce multiple daughter cells with the modified genes.

However, Stephen Back, a neurologist at the Oregon Health and Science University in Portland, points out that there is not yet proof that myelin - producing cells are stuck in arrested development in infants with brain injuries, although this has been shown both in mice and in adults with multiple sclerosis.

«One progenitor cell can produce multiple daughter cells,» he said.

One way to get many types of cells or proteins from the same genetic starting material is by mixing and matching different parts of one gene to produce multiple gene readouts, a phenomenon known as alternative splicing.

Fat cells cultured from the body mass index of a morbidly obese patient cause multiple myeloma cells to anchor to a much greater extent than normal cells and produce a significantly larger number of blood vessels to sustain the cancer cells.

The researchers also tested a Runx2 knock - down variant of a human multiple myeloma cell line and found that it produced significantly less tumor growth in immunodeficient mice than the original human multiple myeloma cells.

In multiple myeloma, normal plasma cells transform into malignant myeloma cells and produce large quantities of toxic abnormal immunoglobulin called monoclonal protein that can damage multiple organs.

Multiple myeloma is preceded by a blood disorder called monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS) in which abnormal plasma cells produce many copies of an antibody protein.

By combining multiple images, the researchers produced movies correlating the production of hydrogen peroxide to the activities of the immune system cells.

Instead of working on ordinary solar cells, which require many photons to produce a single electron, they have focused on quantum dots, which need only one photon to produce multiple electrons.

One type of stem cell can produce multiple types of nerve cells at different stages of the brain's development.

In the case of type 1 diabetes, it destroys the insulin - producing cells in the pancreas, and in multiple sclerosis it strikes the central nervous system.

Similarly, the enzyme RNase T2, which breaks down a material called RNA in insect cells to produce food for plants, had multiple evolutionarily convergent amino acid substitutions in C. follicularis and a common ancestor of N. alata and D. adelae.

While it has been well - established that people should avoid behaviors like smoking to decrease cancer risk, it is less well - known that each time a normal cell divides and copies its DNA to produce two new cells, it makes multiple mistakes.

We are also studying mitochondria, the energy - producing subunits of cells, as their impairment appears to play an important role in multiple neurodegenerative conditions, including Alzheimer's, Parkinson's and ALS.

There are multiple forms of MS and those afflicted with it can experience a range of symptoms but the underlying problem is damage to the insulation around the nerves, known as myelin, and the cells that produce it, known as oligodendrocytes.

Drew Pardoll, Glenn Dranoff, Elizabeth Jaffee, Hyam Levitsky, and colleagues conduct preclinical studies showing that a vaccine composed of tumor cells irradiated and genetically modified to produce immune system growth factor GM - CSF (granulocyte - macrophage colony - stimulating factor)-- which would become known as the therapeutic cancer vaccine GVAX — could induce potent, specific, and long - lasting anti-tumor immunity in multiple mouse tumor models.

In addition, the data showed that the gut's hormone - producing enteroendocrine cells (EECs)-- long divided into subsets based on the idea that each only expressed a single hormone — can actually express multiple hormones at once.

In the November issue of Nature Methods, a team led by Paul Tesar, PhD, a NYSCF — Robertson Investigator at Case Western Reserve University, published a novel method in producing oligodendrocyte cells, the cells that are damaged in myelin - related disorders such as multiple sclerosis.

This is in accordance with previous reports that decitabine and 5 - azacytidine produce a marked synergistic effect in combination with suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid and romidepsin in T - lymphoma cell lines by modulating cell cycle arrest and apoptosis.26, 27 As a mechanism of action, KMT2D mutations of B - lymphoma cells promote malignant outgrowth by perturbing methylation of H3K4 that affect the JAK - STAT, Toll - like receptor, or B - cell receptor pathway.28, 29 Here our study indicated that dual treatment with chidamide and decitabine enhanced the interaction of KMT2D with the transcription factor PU.1, thereby inactivating the H3K4me - associated signaling pathway MAPK, which is constitutively activated in T - cell lymphoma.13, 30,31 The transcription factor PU.1 is involved in the development of all hematopoietic lineages32 and regulates lymphoid cell growth and transformation.33 Aberrant PU.1 expression promotes acute myeloid leukemia and is related to the pathogenesis of multiple myeloma via the MAPK pathway.34, 35 On the other hand, PU.1 is also shown to interact with chromatin remodeler and DNA methyltransferease to control hematopoiesis and suppress leukemia.36 Our data thus suggested that the combined action of chidamide and decitabine may interfere with the differentiation and / or viability of PTCL - NOS through a PU.1 - dependent gene expression program.

That's a reference to the multiple types of islet cells ViaCyte's technology produces.

iPS (IMR90)-3 cells readily differentiate into RPE cells and the differentiation protocol used in this paper is a highly efficient method of producing multiple confluent flasks of highly enriched pigmented cells.

Although the differing effects of hypoxia reported here are in conflict with previously published data, where no contrasting effect was seen (18 — 20), our data was produced using 13 primary breast cancer samples, as well as established cell lines, and the opposing effects in hormone receptor — positive and negative tumors, measured using multiple in vitro and in vivo CSC assays, were consistent in all cases.

The complex networks, interactions, and responses of immune cells produce diverse cellular ecosystems composed of multiple cell types, accompanied by genetic diversity in antigen receptors.

Did you know that there are single - celled organisms that produce up to 90 % of the Earth's oxygen, help purify the ocean, are the food source for some of the longest - living species on the planet and can reproduce multiple times per day?

Similar to the physical and cellular burn of exercise that creates some oxidizing free radicals, the «stress» from cruciferous vegetables stimulates our mitochondria to produce homemade antioxidants to counterbalance the oxidation and protect our vital DNA.28 Even cancer cells have caught on to this central role of our mitochondria — the bastards can amplify their levels of some of these same pathways — further stressing their importance for survival.25 However, our cells still seem to have the upper hand, as multiple studies show that the organosulfur chemicals in many of these anticancer vegetables can severely stress cancer cells, leading to oxidative damage, and ultimately, death.29

For instance, autoimmunity to nerve cells may produce symptoms similar to multiple sclerosis (MS), which is an autoimmune reaction to nerve sheathes.

They are commercially produced from hydrolyzed yeasts which undergo multiple chemical changes in order to allow extraction of the nucleotides, including heating to denature proteins, cell wall proteolysis, enzymatic hydrolysis and dehydration.

Multiple ATP molecules give cells the power to transfer more energy produced during the catabolic process to the anabolic process.

Insulinoma is when the pancreas develops multiple little tumors on the insulin producing cells in the pancreas.

Multiple myeloma is a rare, malignant plasma cell cancer affecting the bone marrow and other blood producing organs.

These are anaplastic (undifferentiated cell, characteristic of malignant neoplasms) round cells that no longer resemble macrophages (white blood cells within tissues, produced by the division of monocytes) and display multiple criteria for malignancy.

Frederik Krebs and his research team at the Technical University of Denmark devised a way to produce these cells in tandem, allowing them to stack multiple cells on top of one another.

All three credit bureaus have multiple algorithms that produce a score based off the credit profile, depending on who is paying for the score: credit card companies, auto dealers, cell phone providers, mortgage lenders, direct consumers, etc..