Current massively parallel DNA sequencing technologies
produce short sequence reads that are often unable to resolve haplotype information.
Not exact matches
By this directed evolution we were able to
produce ribozymes that can catalyze the copying of relatively
short strands of other RNAs, although they fall far
short of being able to copy polymers with their own
sequences into progeny RNAs.
Bar coding typically involves
sequencing a few
short segments of animal DNA from the mitochondria, the mini-organs that
produce energy within every cell.
MicroRNAs are
short RNA molecules that typically bind to complementary
sequences in messenger RNAs, thereby controlling the amounts of specific proteins
produced by cells.
Conventional genetic screening looks for specific mutated
sequences of DNA, but the Dutch test simply searches for proteins which are
shorter than those
produced by healthy genes.
One
sequencing technology used by the researchers
produces massive amounts of very
short reads — about 150 to 250 bases in length.
The Y chromosome, like all DNA, is composed of a series of molecules called «bases» that are represented by the letters A, T, C, and G. Current genetic
sequencing technologies
produce «reads» of
sequence that are much
shorter than the entire length of the chromosome.
To their surprise and dismay, the genome turned out to contain long stretches of noncoding and repetitive DNA, which made it difficult to piece together the
short reads
produced by the
sequencing machine.
The differences between coding versus noncoding trees were not solely due to
shorter sequence length of the coding data, because the full coding data set (13.3 million bp for c123)
produced a tree with fully supported (100 % BS) relationships that were incongruent with those fully supported in the intron (19.3 million bp), TENT (37.4 million bp without the third codon position), and WGT (322.1 million bp)(Figs. 2 and 5B, and table S3).
These differences are not merely due to
shorter alignments of the exon and UCE
sequences, because each accounted for ~ 25 % of the TENT data, similar in
sequence length to the random 25 % subset of the TENT with introns (table S3) that
produced a tree with a higher average BS and a topology closer to the full TENT (Fig. 5A and fig.
Using the 58 eggs confiscated in the Folgosa case back in 2003, she and her team searched for
short DNA
sequences that coded for a piece of the ribosome, the cell's protein -
producing factory.
Massively parallel
sequencing technologies, while increasing the speed, improving the accuracy, and reducing the cost of genome
sequencing, typically
produce only
short stretches of
sequences called «reads» After
sequencing, the reads are pieced back together with genome assembly software.
But in the freezing and thawing soil layer,
sequencing showed that bacteria within the soil samples were
producing some intriguing proteins, including enzymes that snip long chains of carbon molecules, like cellulose from plants, into
shorter, simpler sugar compounds that the bacteria can use as fuel.
Yet those who
produce next - gen
sequencing data are rapidly adopting this universal
short read data format as the de facto standard.
Modern DNA
sequencing technologies predominantly
produce short read
sequences.
The instrument now available from Solexa Ltd,
produces millions of
short DNA
sequences of 25 nt each.
There isn't much to say about it intellectually, but for a group of filmmakers who grew up making
short films and finding themselves
producing special effects and stop - motion animated
sequences for films like Pee - Wee's Big Adventure, Killer Klowns from Outer Space is an admirable effort.
In addition to the installation of paintings and excerpted text, two publications were
produced as supplements to the exhibition: one was a series of six large - scale, hand - bound books — each named after a character from the
short story — consisting of five original watercolors by Innes, and the
short story in its entirety; the second publication is a book which also includes Tóibín's story alongside reproductions of all 101 watercolors featured in the exhibition and an introduction written by Sean Kelly which details the
sequence of events leading up to the proposed collaboration.
Through special preparation of DNA long fragment information can be retrieved even by
sequencing short strands of DNA — by combining the
short and long read information the original DNA
sequence is pieced together —
producing the reference assembly.