Sentences with phrase «producing nerve cells»

Parkinson's Disease (PD) manifests when the dopamine - producing nerve cells in the brain are damaged and thus produce less and less of this important chemical.

Howard Hughes Medical Institute researchers have pinpointed defects in a critical cellular pathway that can lead to the death of dopamine - producing nerve cells and ultimately symptoms of Parkinson's...

A disease which manifests when the dopamine - producing nerve cells in the brain are damaged and thus produce less and less of this important chemical.

Researchers from Aarhus University conducted a case - control study on the condition of the dopamine - producing nerve cells in the brain and cells that participate in the brain's immune system in people suffering from rapid eye movement sleep behaviour disorder (RBD).

The solution was targeted to each animal's striatum, a brain region involved in motor control; it is the dopamine - producing nerve cells in this area that die during Parkinson's disease.

The scientists noted that in the area of the brain containing the serotonin - producing nerve cells, miR135 levels increased when antidepressant compounds were introduced.

Interestingly, two additional Nature papers released simultaneously with the Regev and Kuchroo team's study revealed that ILC2 cells in the gut also express Nmur1, take on an inflammatory state when exposed to NMU, and live in close proximity to NMU - producing nerve cells.

But it is not actually the crucial question, which is, What controls the activity of the complex interacting set of genes, which produces a nerve cell or a muscle cell?

Nonetheless, for the researchers, «The success of our cell engineering experiments, which make it possible to produce nerve cells in a controlled and unlimited manner, and to transplant them, is a world first.

In their work, the researchers also show how TGF - beta can be used in stem cell cultures to mass - produce nerve cells which in turn produce the signalling substance serotonin.

During that time, 42 of these stem cells underwent a spurt of division, churning out two kinds of cells: intermediate cells that would go on to produce nerve cells as well as mature nerve cells themselves.

«At least part of the problem is that the precursor myelin - producing cells are recruited to that area, but they fail to become adult cells capable of producing nerve cell insulation.

The cell produces nerve cells that help form the neocortex — the site of higher cognitive function — and likely accounts for the dramatic expansion of the region in the lineages that lead to man, the researchers say.

Not exact matches

A study shows, for the first time, how these functional impairments arise: Social isolation during early life prevents the cells that make up the brain's white matter from maturing and producing the right amount of myelin, the fatty «insulation» on nerve fibers that helps them transmit long - distance messages within the brain.

These symptoms arise because nerve cells producing the neurotransmitter dopamine, located in an area of the brain known as the substantia nigra, slowly die.

The best explanation so far, says Henrietta van Praag, a neurobiologist at the National Institute on Aging, is that exercising the heart somehow stimulates growth factors to produce new nerve cells in the brain.

The brain is a complex organ — a network of nerve cells, or neurons, producing thought, memory, action, and feeling.

In the new study, Zigmond and colleagues found damaged nerve cells produce a stream of molecular lures that specifically attract neutrophils to injury sites in mice.

Damaged mouse sciatic nerves produced hundreds of times the normal amount of two «chemoattractant» molecules, Cxcl1 and Cxcl2, which attach to the surfaces of neutrophils and draw the immune cells into injured tissue.

Over the past 15 years, the GFP gene has enabled scientists to watch a plethora of previously murky biological processes in action: how nerve cells develop in the brain, how insulin - producing beta cells form in the pancreas of an embryo, how proteins are transported within cells, and how cancer cells metastasize through the body.

They first showed that mice with severed sensory nerves produce excessive BH4, churned out both by the injured nerve cells themselves and by macrophages — immune cells that infiltrate damaged nerves and inflamed tissue.

Small energy factories can't produce enough fuel to keep nerves alive, so the cells slowly die off, the thinking went.

They made the worms» nerve cells produce molecules of double - stranded RNA (dsRNA) that match a specific gene.

Glial cells, when activated, produce proinflammatory cytokines that may further damage the nerve cells.

«However, the capillary constriction produced by pericytes may, by restricting the blood supply for a long time, cause further damage to nerve cells even after the clot is removed.

Chen and his colleagues researched the role of microRNA molecules (small, non-coding RNA molecules that regulate various cellular activities) in the nerve cells that produce serotonin.

«TGF - beta functions as an important time signal that controls when a stem cell should stop producing one type of nerve cell and instead start producing another, while also gradually limiting the stem cell's future development capacity,» says Johan Ericson, Professor of Developmental Biology, who led the study.

After initial infection, HSV enters a latent state in sensory nerve cells, periodically reactivating to produce disease.

One type of stem cell can produce multiple types of nerve cells at different stages of the brain's development.

Two different inherited genetic variations in two different families of children with ASD «converged» to produce the same changes in nerve function and behavior, the researchers report in EBioMedicine, a new online translational medicine journal published by editors at The Lancet and Cell Press.

Nerve cells in the brain of a songbird that are associated with learning and producing birdsongs, from the lab of Todd Roberts, a U.S. BRAIN Initiative — funded scientist.

In both cases, the immune cells produced fewer inflammatory molecules, particularly one called interleukin 17, or IL - 17, which is strongly associated with MS and very harmful to nerve cells and their insulating covers.

The authors found that if they blocked lactate release by glia or uptake by nerve cells, they produced a long - lasting prevention of cocaine relapse in rodents.

Parkinson's disease occurs precisely because the group of nerve cells in the brain that produce dopamine stop working.

Nerve cells, for example, form long extensions that are attracted to signals from other cells in order to produce the network that forms the nervous system; similarly, scavenger cells recognise the scent of harmful germs in order that they can pursue and destroy them.

Previous measurements also revealed that special nerve cells, the so - called clock neurons, produce PDF.

In nerve cells, ribosomes are also found close to the synapses of the dendrites, thus enabling proteins that are required for synaptic function to be produced close to their sites of action.

Statins reduce coenzyme Q10, which helps produce energy for cells and is hypothesized to have protective qualities in nerve cells.

The team, led by Mark Mayford, created a mouse with a specific gene that produces the protein hM3Dq when nerve cells with this gene become active, leaving the protein attached to the cell.

M. Rosas - Ballina and co-workers show in the same Science issue that action potentials originating in the vagus nerve regulate splenic T cells, which in turn produce acetylcholine (ACh) and intercept pro-inflammatory cytokine production (1).

Frequently, a virus will infect an epithelial cell, which compared with a nerve cells are «real virus factories,» says Schiffer: They produce massive amounts of virus that can infect other nearby epithelial cells and can presumably also infect sexual partners.

Previous research has described at least some of the fundamental processes involved in healthy, on - going peripheral nerve growth regeneration, including the critical role of mitochondria — cellular organelles that produce adenosine triphosphate (ATP), the energy - carrying molecule found in all cells that is vital to driving nerve recovery after injury.

A previously unknown mechanism through which the brain produces new nerve cells after a stroke has been discovered at Lund University and Karolinska Institutet in Sweden.

Contrary to dogma, the human brain does produce new nerve cells in adulthood.

However, when the researchers genetically removed syntaphilin from the nerve cells, mitochondrial transport was enhanced, allowing the damaged mitochondria to be replaced by healthy mitochondria capable of producing ATP.

«The signal produced by the PV cell — after stimulation by the PYR cell — was passed on to target nerve cells and prevented them from generating action potentials of their own,» Poulet says.

These neurons are the nerve cells that produce dopamine, a neurotransmitter that plays a key role in the modulation of involuntary movements.

It consisted in exposing human umbilical cord epithelial cells to the substances produced by the nerve cells of the previous experiment.

Developed by Janelia colleague Nicholas Sofroniew, the method produces huge datasets that show when and where nerve cells are active.

A number of radiotherapies that marry a small but potent amount of radioactive material and a targeted molecular compound have been gaining traction as progressive treatments for malignant NETs, which can develop wherever nerve cells and hormone - producing endocrine cells are present (e.g., gastrointestinal tract, pancreas, lungs, thyroid).