2007/04/17: ABC (Au): Summit fails to agree on alternative fuels A South American energy summit has ended with Brazil and the host nation Venezuela failing to reach agreement over
the production of alternative fuels.
If the goal is less pollution, it might be a better strategy to fund methodologies that serve to make fossil fuels far less polluting and to fund
the production of alternative fuels.
Bloomberg Businessweek explains more clearly than EPA does why the agency had to back - peddle so furiously: «The Environmental Protection Agency proposed requiring less cellulosic ethanol to be blended into gasoline next year than sought under U.S. law because
production of the alternative fuel hasn't reached commercial scale.»
Not exact matches
That logic is another reason why OPEC countries have less
of an incentive to cut back
production: renewable energy sources is starting to give fossil
fuels some serious competition, and oil - exporting countries have an interest in keeping oil a cheap
alternative.
Having acknowledged the need to turn from the overdependence on fossil
fuels to more environmentally friendly sources
of energy, the government has tried to encourage the
production of automobiles that use
alternative sources
of fuel by trying to give tax incentives to any buyers
of such cars.
Rather, consumers throughout the United States are
fueling another wave
of craft alcoholic beverages from producers similarly dedicated to the
production of high - quality
alternatives to the historic mainstays
of the industry.
Such innovations are
fueling excitement as well as an atmosphere
of creative thinking around the possibilities for
alternative food
production outside the nation's capitol.
And it continues to pursue research into
alternative fuels and technologies that can further reduce the carbon intensity
of energy applications across a variety
of sectors, including electricity
production and transportation.
British and Finnish scientists have found a way
of generating renewable propane using a bacterium widely found in the human intestine and say the finding is a step to commercial
production of a
fuel that could one day be an
alternative to fossil
fuel reserves.
A team
of researchers at MIT is developing an
alternative that could provide similar protection for nuclear
fuel, while reducing the risk
of hydrogen
production by roughly a thousandfold.
The EPA has named the Biodiesel
Production Facility in Denton, Texas, as its Landfill Methane Outreach Program (LMOP) Project
of the Year (
Alternative Fuel).
Due to diminishing petroleum reserves, non-food biomass (lignocellulose) is an attractive
alternative as a feedstock for the
production of renewable chemicals and
fuels.
The Ames Laboratory's diverse research accomplishments in biofuels
production, hydrogen storage, and high - performance magnets power the
alternative fuel vehicles
of today and the ones down the road to the future.
It downregulates the uptake
of glucose, upregulates mechanisms to use
alternative fuels, and increases
production of protective substances.
Eating a very low - carbohydrate diet results in the
production of ketones, which the body uses as an
alternative fuel source; hence very low - carbohydrate diets (VLCKD) diets are called ketogenic.
In spite
of current energy trends moving towards green and renewable options, Alberta is planning on double its
production of fossil
fuels by 2030, meaning that higher supply will generate lower market rates, presenting a more affordable
alternative to the American market.
Unless the current oil mega-corporations decide to leverage their monumental assets on wide - scale clean
production of hydrogen, it's destined to remain a regional
alternative fuel experiment.
The plan assessed various
alternative fuels and developed
fuel portfolios to meet California's goals to reduce petroleum consumption, increase
alternative fuels use, reduce greenhouse gas emissions and increase in - state
production of biofuels, without causing a significant degradation
of public health and environmental quality.
Daimler AG unveiled 18
alternative -
fuel vehicles at the Frankfurt auto show, 17
of which will go into
production by 2010.
Advocates say the carbon footprint
of bioplastics is better than fossil
fuel - derived
alternatives, which is true, but as «Life Without Plastic» points out, there's the added issue
of supporting genetically modified corn
production, which currently provides most material for bioplastics.
And the disaster in the Gulf only underscores that even as we pursue domestic
production to reduce our reliance on imported oil, our long - term security depends on the development
of alternative sources
of fuel and new transportation technologies.
There is, in fact, a whole pyramid
of fossil
fuel inputs to the
production of all
alternative energy capital equipment.
There are
alternatives I don't think I convinced either
of my two audiences that fossil
fuels are going to disappear overnight, but once I drew their attention to recent declines in Chinese coal
production and a stall in global carbon emissions they did appear to concede that basing future investment decisions simply on past patterns
of consumption might not be the wisest
of strategies.
An equally expensive and widely unpopular
alternative is construction
of many new nuclear fission plants for generation
of electricity or
production of secondary
fuels.
Now comes this fascinating paper in Environmental Science & Technology: «Peak Oil Demand: The Role
of Fuel Efficiency and
Alternative Fuels in a Global Oil
Production Decline.»
Bush's proposal would be to increase our level
of biofuels
production by 35 billion gallons in the next 10 years (although some have informed me that this is actually for all
alternative fuels, which would include coal to liquids).
The intent
of this solicitation is to encourage
production of alternative and renewable transportation
fuels such as biomethane, renewable gasoline and diesel substitutes in California that can significantly reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and petroleum
fuel demand, and stimulate economic development in the state.
A full lifecycle analysis
of Bio-SNG
production undertaken by North Energy Associates found that for many types
of feedstock, the lifecycle CO2e savings
of Bio-SNG compared with fossil
fuel alternatives are typically ~ 90 %.
New technologies have enabled increased use
of clinker substitutes and
alternative fuels in cement
production, leading to significant direct (e.g. from limestone decarbonisation) CO2 emissions reductions.
Some
of these are addressed in the present issue: the geopolitics
of peak oil (John Bellamy Foster), the
production of biofuels as a liquid
fuel alternative and its consequences (Fred Magdoff), the economics
of climate change (Minqi Li), the science
of climate change (John W. Farley), the ocean crisis (Brett Clark and Rebecca Clausen), the problem
of large dams (Rohan D'Souza), and the world water crisis (Maude Barlow).
Demonstration
of the key technological components for solar aviation «drop - in»
fuel production that enables the use
of existing
fuel infrastructure,
fuel system, and aircraft engine, while eliminating the logistical requirements
of biofuels, hydrogen, or other
alternative fuels.
These include technical and operational improvements and advances in the
production and use
of sustainable
alternative fuels for aviation.
Alternative sources
of liquid
fuel and liquefiable gas
fuel (elsewhere on this page — and biodiesel, gasohol, etc.)(In the Third World rainforest is being cleared to plant oil palms for biodiesel and food
production, to the detriment
of the global environment.)
Most
of the defense department's efforts in
alternative fuel development are geared toward proving technical viability rather than establishing a process that yields demonstrating affordable and environmentally sound
production.
(Sec. 1514) Directs the EPA Administrator to: (1) establish an Advanced Biofuel Technologies Program to demonstrate advanced technologies for the
production of alternative transportation
fuels; (2) give priority to projects that enhance the geographical diversity
of alternative fuels production and utilize feedstocks that represent 10 % or less
of domestic ethanol or biodiesel
fuel production during the previous fiscal year; and (3) fund demonstration projects to develop conversion technologies for producing cellulosic biomass ethanol, and for coproducing value - added bioproducts (such as fertilizers, herbicides, and pesticides) resulting from biodiesel
fuel production.
About seven - in - ten (73 %)
of those ages 18 to 49 say developing
alternative sources
of energy should be the more important priority, while 22 % say expanding
production of fossil
fuels should be the more important priority.
About eight - in - ten (81 %) Democrats and independents who lean to the Democratic Party favor developing
alternative sources instead
of expanding
production from fossil
fuel sources.
Among moderate and liberal Republicans and Republican leaners — who account for 36 %
of all Republicans and Republican leaners sampled — 65 % prioritize developing
alternative energy sources, compared with fewer (28 %) who prioritize expanding
production from fossil
fuel sources.
«Climate science» as it is used by warmists implies adherence to a set
of beliefs: (1) Increasing greenhouse gas concentrations will warm the Earth's surface and atmosphere; (2) Human
production of CO2 is producing significant increases in CO2 concentration; (3) The rate
of rise
of temperature in the 20th and 21st centuries is unprecedented compared to the rates
of change
of temperature in the previous two millennia and this can only be due to rising greenhouse gas concentrations; (4) The climate
of the 19th century was ideal and may be taken as a standard to compare against any current climate; (5) global climate models, while still not perfect, are good enough to indicate that continued use
of fossil
fuels at projected rates in the 21st century will cause the CO2 concentration to rise to a high level by 2100 (possibly 700 to 900 ppm); (6) The global average temperature under this condition will rise more than 3 °C from the late 19th century ideal; (7) The negative impact on humanity
of such a rise will be enormous; (8) The only
alternative to such a disaster is to immediately and sharply reduce CO2 emissions (reducing emissions in 2050 by 80 % compared to today's rate) and continue further reductions after 2050; (9) Even with such draconian CO2 reductions, the CO2 concentration is likely to reach at least 450 to 500 ppm by 2100 resulting in significant damage to humanity; (10) Such reductions in CO2 emissions are technically feasible and economically affordable while providing adequate energy to a growing world population that is increasingly industrializing.
Among those 50 and older, 55 % say
alternative energy development is more important, while 34 % say it's more important to expand
production of fossil
fuel energy sources.
But a new Pew Research Center survey finds that 65 %
of Americans give priority to developing
alternative energy sources, compared with 27 % who would emphasize expanded
production of fossil
fuel sources.
The list is long and worth many billions (sorry for caps); — GREENHOUSE GAS ABATEMENT PROGM (Carbon capture)-- NON-RECOVERY
OF PUBLIC AGENCY COSTS — PETROLEUM EXPLORATION TAX CONCESSIONS — RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT ASSISTANCE — DIRECT SUBSIDIES TO FOSSIL
FUEL PROJECTS — DIESEL
FUEL REBATE SCHEME — EXEMPTION FROM EXCISE FOR
ALTERNATIVE FUELS Ethanol
production which is an energy sink)-- CONCESSIONAL RATE
OF EXCISE FOR
FUEL OIL, — HEATING OIL AND KEROSENE — CONCESSIONAL RATE
OF EXCISE FOR AVIATION
FUEL — EXCISE FREE STATUS FOR CONDENSATE — SUBSIDISED SUPPLY
OF COAL - FIRED ELECTRICITY TO — ALUMINIUM SMELTERS — STATE ENERGY SUPPLY CONCESSIONS — ELECTRICITY PRICING STRUCTURES — SUBSIDIES FOR CENTRALISED GENERATION
Excess
of percentage over cost depletion Expensing
of exploration and development costs
Alternative (nonconventional)
fuel production credit Oil and gas exception from passive loss limitation Credit for enhanced oil recovery costs Expensing
of tertiary injectants
Government and industry must decide whether to invest vast sums,
of the order
of hundreds, perhaps even thousands
of billions
of dollars in
production of synthetic liquid
fuels from coal or oil shale, an equally expensive and widely unpopular
alternative is construction
of many new nuclear fission plants for generation
of electricity or
production of secondary
fuels.
University
of Texas professor Michael Webber, an environmental policy specialist, told the American Association for the Advancement
of Science that
alternative fuel production uses a lot more water than gasoline refining.
Nuclear, solar, and wind energy technologies may offer important benefits in the
production of military, as well as civilian,
alternative fuels.
Fossil
fuels not only provide the energy required for our manufacturing processes that
alternatives will be hard - pressed (if even possible) to replace (including those needed to create the
alternatives) but have been used to underpin much
of the world's food
production (while not particularly wise over the long - term, the world's population depends upon fossil
fuel - based herbicides, pesticides, and fertilizers to remain fed).
We advise the full spectrum
of industry players including companies involved in agribusiness and food
production, processing and distribution, agrichemicals manufacturers, processors
of agricultural commodities, manufacturers
of precision farming equipment,
alternative fuel producers, soft commodities traders and financial institutions.
More specifically, the
production of wheat in order to raise livestock is literally ruining the environmental makeup
of the planet, hemp is an
alternative that would not only continue the global food economy, but also serve as a textile, motor -
fuel, and nutrient source.