Sentences with phrase «projected changes in greenhouse gases»

To reach their conclusions, the researchers analyzed nearly 30 years of observational temperature and precipitation data and also used computer model simulations that considered soil, atmospheric, and oceanic conditions and projected changes in greenhouse gases.

Not exact matches

«This funding and the demonstration project ensure that Ontario will continue to lead in the development of smart grid technology,» said Bob Leigh, President, Prolucid Technologies Inc. «Utilities globally face significant challenges to change the model of power consumption, reducing greenhouse gases and increasing the efficiency of the grid.

Ontario has successfully issued the largest green bond in Canadian history, raising $ 1 billion for infrastructure projects in communities across the province that will help reduce greenhouse gas emissions and fight climate change.

When composted, single serve coffee from compostable pods delivers a conservatively - projected 23 % reduction in the greenhouse gas emissions linked to climate change, compared to conventional drip brewed coffee over its life cycle.

Department of Environmental Conservation Commissioner Basil Seggos said, «The Regional Greenhouse Gas Initiative has been an incredible success in reducing greenhouse gas emissions that contribute to global climate change in New York and the Northeast, while supporting thousands of jobs and billions of dollars of investments in sustainable developmentGreenhouse Gas Initiative has been an incredible success in reducing greenhouse gas emissions that contribute to global climate change in New York and the Northeast, while supporting thousands of jobs and billions of dollars of investments in sustainable development projecGas Initiative has been an incredible success in reducing greenhouse gas emissions that contribute to global climate change in New York and the Northeast, while supporting thousands of jobs and billions of dollars of investments in sustainable developmentgreenhouse gas emissions that contribute to global climate change in New York and the Northeast, while supporting thousands of jobs and billions of dollars of investments in sustainable development projecgas emissions that contribute to global climate change in New York and the Northeast, while supporting thousands of jobs and billions of dollars of investments in sustainable development projects.

Unveiled late Friday by the state Public Service Commission, a cost analysis of the plan projects it could cost the state more than $ 3.6 billion through 2030 to reach ambitious clean energy goals backed by Gov. Andrew Cuomo, but reductions in climate - changing greenhouse gases would create benefits worth more than $ 8 billion.

A few of the main points of the third assessment report issued in 2001 include: An increasing body of observations gives a collective picture of a warming world and other changes in the climate system; emissions of greenhouse gases and aerosols due to human activities continue to alter the atmosphere in ways that are expected to affect the climate; confidence in the ability of models to project future climate has increased; and there is new and stronger evidence that most of the warming observed over the last 50 years is attributable to human activities.

Although computer models used to project climate changes from increasing greenhouse gas concentrations consistently simulate an increasing upward airflow in the tropics with global warming, this flow can not be directly observed.

«This study is the best estimate we have to date of how effectively behavioural change could cut US greenhouse gas emissions,» says Ruth Rettie, who leads Project Charm, a group based at Kingston University in London that investigates ways in which people's behaviour could be influenced.

The researchers used information about these different components to project changes in extreme sea levels by 2100 under different greenhouse gas scenarios.

In the midst of an unseasonably warm winter in the Pacific Northwest, a comparison of four publicly available climate projections has shown broad agreement that the region will become considerably warmer in the next century if greenhouse gas concentrations in the atmosphere rise to the highest levels projected in the the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) «business - as - usual» scenariIn the midst of an unseasonably warm winter in the Pacific Northwest, a comparison of four publicly available climate projections has shown broad agreement that the region will become considerably warmer in the next century if greenhouse gas concentrations in the atmosphere rise to the highest levels projected in the the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) «business - as - usual» scenariin the Pacific Northwest, a comparison of four publicly available climate projections has shown broad agreement that the region will become considerably warmer in the next century if greenhouse gas concentrations in the atmosphere rise to the highest levels projected in the the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) «business - as - usual» scenariin the next century if greenhouse gas concentrations in the atmosphere rise to the highest levels projected in the the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) «business - as - usual» scenariin the atmosphere rise to the highest levels projected in the the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) «business - as - usual» scenariin the the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) «business - as - usual» scenario.

He put aside the atomic and molecular biophysics research he had been doing as a Stanford University professor to become head of the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory in 2004 and steer it toward projects aimed at slashing the country's emissions of greenhouse gases that hasten climate change.

g (acceleration due to gravity) G (gravitational constant) G star G1.9 +0.3 gabbro Gabor, Dennis (1900 — 1979) Gabriel's Horn Gacrux (Gamma Crucis) gadolinium Gagarin, Yuri Alexeyevich (1934 — 1968) Gagarin Cosmonaut Training Center GAIA Gaia Hypothesis galactic anticenter galactic bulge galactic center Galactic Club galactic coordinates galactic disk galactic empire galactic equator galactic habitable zone galactic halo galactic magnetic field galactic noise galactic plane galactic rotation galactose Galatea GALAXIES galaxy galaxy cannibalism galaxy classification galaxy formation galaxy interaction galaxy merger Galaxy, The Galaxy satellite series Gale Crater Galen (c. AD 129 — c. 216) galena GALEX (Galaxy Evolution Explorer) Galilean satellites Galilean telescope Galileo (Galilei, Galileo)(1564 — 1642) Galileo (spacecraft) Galileo Europa Mission (GEM) Galileo satellite navigation system gall gall bladder Galle, Johann Gottfried (1812 — 1910) gallic acid gallium gallon gallstone Galois, Évariste (1811 — 1832) Galois theory Galton, Francis (1822 — 1911) Galvani, Luigi (1737 — 1798) galvanizing galvanometer game game theory GAMES AND PUZZLES gamete gametophyte Gamma (Soviet orbiting telescope) Gamma Cassiopeiae Gamma Cassiopeiae star gamma function gamma globulin gamma rays Gamma Velorum gamma - ray burst gamma - ray satellites Gamow, George (1904 — 1968) ganglion gangrene Ganswindt, Hermann (1856 — 1934) Ganymede «garbage theory», of the origin of life Gardner, Martin (1914 — 2010) Garneau, Marc (1949 ---RRB- garnet Garnet Star (Mu Cephei) Garnet Star Nebula (IC 1396) garnierite Garriott, Owen K. (1930 ---RRB- Garuda gas gas chromatography gas constant gas giant gas laws gas - bounded nebula gaseous nebula gaseous propellant gaseous - propellant rocket engine gasoline Gaspra (minor planet 951) Gassendi, Pierre (1592 — 1655) gastric juice gastrin gastrocnemius gastroenteritis gastrointestinal tract gastropod gastrulation Gatewood, George D. (1940 ---RRB- Gauer - Henry reflex gauge boson gauge theory gauss (unit) Gauss, Carl Friedrich (1777 — 1855) Gaussian distribution Gay - Lussac, Joseph Louis (1778 — 1850) GCOM (Global Change Observing Mission) Geber (c. 720 — 815) gegenschein Geiger, Hans Wilhelm (1882 — 1945) Geiger - Müller counter Giessler tube gel gelatin Gelfond's theorem Gell - Mann, Murray (1929 ---RRB- GEM «gemination,» of martian canals Geminga Gemini (constellation) Gemini Observatory Gemini Project Gemini - Titan II gemstone gene gene expression gene mapping gene pool gene therapy gene transfer General Catalogue of Variable Stars (GCVS) general precession general theory of relativity generation ship generator Genesis (inflatable orbiting module) Genesis (sample return probe) genetic code genetic counseling genetic disorder genetic drift genetic engineering genetic marker genetic material genetic pool genetic recombination genetics GENETICS AND HEREDITY Geneva Extrasolar Planet Search Program genome genome, interstellar transmission of genotype gentian violet genus geoboard geode geodesic geodesy geodesy satellites geodetic precession Geographos (minor planet 1620) geography GEOGRAPHY Geo - IK geologic time geology GEOLOGY AND PLANETARY SCIENCE geomagnetic field geomagnetic storm geometric mean geometric sequence geometry GEOMETRY geometry puzzles geophysics GEOS (Geodetic Earth Orbiting Satellite) Geosat geostationary orbit geosynchronous orbit geosynchronous / geostationary transfer orbit (GTO) geosyncline Geotail (satellite) geotropism germ germ cells Germain, Sophie (1776 — 1831) German Rocket Society germanium germination Gesner, Konrad von (1516 — 1565) gestation Get Off the Earth puzzle Gettier problem geyser g - force GFO (Geosat Follow - On) GFZ - 1 (GeoForschungsZentrum) ghost crater Ghost Head Nebula (NGC 2080) ghost image Ghost of Jupiter (NGC 3242) Giacconi, Riccardo (1931 ---RRB- Giacobini - Zinner, Comet (Comet 21P /) Giaever, Ivar (1929 ---RRB- giant branch Giant Magellan Telescope giant molecular cloud giant planet giant star Giant's Causeway Giauque, William Francis (1895 — 1982) gibberellins Gibbs, Josiah Willard (1839 — 1903) Gibbs free energy Gibson, Edward G. (1936 ---RRB- Gilbert, William (1544 — 1603) gilbert (unit) Gilbreath's conjecture gilding gill gill (unit) Gilruth, Robert R. (1913 — 2000) gilsonite gimbal Ginga ginkgo Giotto (ESA Halley probe) GIRD (Gruppa Isutcheniya Reaktivnovo Dvisheniya) girder glacial drift glacial groove glacier gland Glaser, Donald Arthur (1926 — 2013) Glashow, Sheldon (1932 ---RRB- glass GLAST (Gamma - ray Large Area Space Telescope) Glauber, Johann Rudolf (1607 — 1670) glaucoma glauconite Glenn, John Herschel, Jr. (1921 ---RRB- Glenn Research Center Glennan, T (homas) Keith (1905 — 1995) glenoid cavity glia glial cell glider Gliese 229B Gliese 581 Gliese 67 (HD 10307, HIP 7918) Gliese 710 (HD 168442, HIP 89825) Gliese 86 Gliese 876 Gliese Catalogue glioma glissette glitch Global Astrometric Interferometer for Astrophysics (GAIA) Global Oscillation Network Group (GONG) Globalstar globe Globigerina globular cluster globular proteins globule globulin globus pallidus GLOMR (Global Low Orbiting Message Relay) GLONASS (Global Navigation Satellite System) glossopharyngeal nerve Gloster E. 28/39 glottis glow - worm glucagon glucocorticoid glucose glucoside gluon Glushko, Valentin Petrovitch (1908 — 1989) glutamic acid glutamine gluten gluteus maximus glycerol glycine glycogen glycol glycolysis glycoprotein glycosidic bond glycosuria glyoxysome GMS (Geosynchronous Meteorological Satellite) GMT (Greenwich Mean Time) Gnathostomata gneiss Go Go, No - go goblet cell GOCE (Gravity field and steady - state Ocean Circulation Explorer) God Goddard, Robert Hutchings (1882 — 1945) Goddard Institute for Space Studies Goddard Space Flight Center Gödel, Kurt (1906 — 1978) Gödel universe Godwin, Francis (1562 — 1633) GOES (Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite) goethite goiter gold Gold, Thomas (1920 — 2004) Goldbach conjecture golden ratio (phi) Goldin, Daniel Saul (1940 ---RRB- gold - leaf electroscope Goldstone Tracking Facility Golgi, Camillo (1844 — 1926) Golgi apparatus Golomb, Solomon W. 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Green, Thomas Hill (1836 — 1882) green algae Green Bank Green Bank conference (1961) Green Bank Telescope green flash greenhouse effect greenhouse gases Green's theorem Greg, Percy (1836 — 1889) Gregorian calendar Grelling's paradox Griffith, George (1857 — 1906) Griffith Observatory Grignard, François Auguste Victor (1871 — 1935) Grignard reagent grike Grimaldi, Francesco Maria (1618 — 1663) Grissom, Virgil (1926 — 1967) grit gritstone Groom Lake Groombridge 34 Groombridge Catalogue gross ground, electrical ground state ground - track group group theory GROUPS AND GROUP THEORY growing season growth growth hormone growth hormone - releasing hormone growth plate Grudge, Project Gruithuisen, Franz von Paula (1774 — 1852) Grus (constellation) Grus Quartet (NGC 7552, NGC 7582, NGC 7590, and NGC 7599) GSLV (Geosynchronous Satellite Launch Vehicle) g - suit G - type asteroid Guericke, Otto von (1602 — 1686) guanine Guiana Space Centre guidance, inertial Guide Star Catalog (GSC) guided missile guided missiles, postwar development Guillaume, Charles Édouard (1861 — 1938) Gulf Stream (ocean current) Gulfstream (jet plane) Gullstrand, Allvar (1862 — 1930) gum Gum Nebula gun metal gunpowder Gurwin Gusev Crater gut Gutenberg, Johann (c. 1400 — 1468) Guy, Richard Kenneth (1916 ---RRB- guyot Guzman Prize gymnosperm gynecology gynoecium gypsum gyrocompass gyrofrequency gyropilot gyroscope gyrostabilizer Gyulbudagian's Nebula (HH215)

Wicker also cited a publication by the Global Warming Petition Project, a document signed by nearly 32,000 American scientists that disputes the international scientific consensus that man - made greenhouse gas emissions are causing the Earth's atmosphere to warm, leading to potentially catastrophic changes in the climate.

Project Learning Tree and the University of Florida developed this secondary module to help educators in the Southeast teach about climate change impacts on forest ecosystems, the role of forests in sequestering carbon, and strategies for reducing greenhouse gas emissions and adapting to changing climatic conditions.

CAP AND TRADE: Proceeds from the cap - and - trade system — which is designed to reduce Ontario's greenhouse gas emissions — are projected to be $ 1.9 billion in 2017 — up from last year's projection of $ 1.3 billion — and will be used to invest in green projects and climate change initiatives.

I don't think anyone denies that the sun matters for climate, but the question is whether the variability of the sun in recent history has had the impact that we project from greenhouse gases over the next 100 — and there, I think, a majority of your «AGW» ers» would think the evidence suggests that changes in human forcing will likely be several times (at least) larger than any solar variability we've seen in a thousand years or more.

Here's a quick look beyond climate and energy beliefs and words to climate and energy deeds, provided in the latest report on American's actions related to energy conservation and greenhouse gases from the Yale Project on Climate Change Communication and Center for Climate Change Communication at George Mason University.

In other words: Increased fertilizer use alone would likely mean that either of those projects would increase greenhouse gas emissions overall and thus make climate change even worse.

In a recent interview, Nordhaus - whose models project a smaller economic impact than most - said that regardless of whether the models showing larger or smaller economic impacts from climate change are correct, «We've got to get together as a community of nations and impose restraints on greenhouse gas emissions and raise carbon prices.

Accordingly, unless action is taken to reduce global greenhouse gas emissions, climate change could cut the projected improvement in food availability by approximately a third by 2050, which in turn would lead to average per - person reductions in food availability of 3.2 %, or 99 kcal, fruit and vegetable intake by 4.0 %, or 14.9 grams per day, and red meat consumption by 0.7 %, or 0.5 grams per day.

A doubling of the concentration of long - lived greenhouse gases (which is projected to occur early in the next century) would, if nothing else changed, reduce the rate at which the planet can shed energy to space by about 2 %.

This website is provided by ClimateCare which funds projects with the specific aim of making reductions in CO2and other greenhouse gas concentrations in order to reduce climate change.

The document is divided into five chapters, namely: 1) Uncovering mitigation potential showcasing initiatives to reduce greenhouse gases emissions; 2) Gearing up for the storm relating to adaptation and disaster risk reduction projects; 3) Nurturing youth leaders presenting activities in education, training and capacity - building; 4) Spreading the message highlighting awareness raising campaigns and materials; and 5) Shaping up the future climate change regime presenting examples of youth participation in climate change policy - making.

The energy system reference cases used for future greenhouse gas (GHG) emission pathways in climate change research are a case in point: baseline emission scenarios commonly project levels of coal combustion many times higher than current reserve estimates by the year 2100.

Vinnikov et al. (1999) used the aforementioned GFDL and Hadley Centre climate models, forced by greenhouse gases and sulfate aerosols, to project how Arctic sea ice extent would change in the future.

Indeed, our analysis supports recent comments in the EPA's review of the State Department's final impact statement that, with oil prices in a sustained range of $ 65 - $ 75, «construction of the pipeline is projected to change the economics of oil sands development and result in increased oil sands production, and the accompanying greenhouse gas emissions, over what would otherwise occur» [2].

The United Nations» Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, a global effort involving hundreds of climate scientists and the governments of 100 nations, projected in 2001 that, depending on the rate of greenhouse gas emissions and general climate sensitivities, the global average temperature would rise 2.5 to 10.4 degrees Fahrenheit between 1990 and 2100.

Projecting changes in temperature and sea levels for the next 10,000 years, the researchers find that greenhouse gas emissions could eventually lead to 7.5 C of warming and global sea level rise of 25 - 52m.

Our Portfolio includes projects that benefit the local environments in which they take place and contribute to the global effort against climate change by reducing greenhouse gas emissions.

«Climate science» as it is used by warmists implies adherence to a set of beliefs: (1) Increasing greenhouse gas concentrations will warm the Earth's surface and atmosphere; (2) Human production of CO2 is producing significant increases in CO2 concentration; (3) The rate of rise of temperature in the 20th and 21st centuries is unprecedented compared to the rates of change of temperature in the previous two millennia and this can only be due to rising greenhouse gas concentrations; (4) The climate of the 19th century was ideal and may be taken as a standard to compare against any current climate; (5) global climate models, while still not perfect, are good enough to indicate that continued use of fossil fuels at projected rates in the 21st century will cause the CO2 concentration to rise to a high level by 2100 (possibly 700 to 900 ppm); (6) The global average temperature under this condition will rise more than 3 °C from the late 19th century ideal; (7) The negative impact on humanity of such a rise will be enormous; (8) The only alternative to such a disaster is to immediately and sharply reduce CO2 emissions (reducing emissions in 2050 by 80 % compared to today's rate) and continue further reductions after 2050; (9) Even with such draconian CO2 reductions, the CO2 concentration is likely to reach at least 450 to 500 ppm by 2100 resulting in significant damage to humanity; (10) Such reductions in CO2 emissions are technically feasible and economically affordable while providing adequate energy to a growing world population that is increasingly industrializing.

-- The term «impact evaluation» means the evaluation of the program or project - specific, directly induced changes in energy savings and greenhouse gas emissions reductions attributable to a program or project.

It funds projects in developing countries that reduce greenhouse gas emissions and help vulnerable communities adapt to the unavoidable impacts of climate change.

The second is a GFDL - model simulation that compares the curve projected from changes in greenhouse gases.

Barker had had the US in his sights for some time: «Terry Barker, leader of Tyndall's CIAS programme of research (Community Integrated Assessment System) and Director of 4CMR, set up a project to conduct a meta - analysis of the literature on the costs of Greenhouse Gas (GHG) mitigation with induced technological change, funded by HM Treasury.

Though the EPA is correct, thought the details I am unsure, It is very likely that if in the future that is Emissions of greenhouse gases continue to rise unabated, and climate changes effects more dramatic, I would not put it past a nation like America taking unilatreal action and even sucombing to using geo - engineering projects.

23 Thousands of years ago Temperature change (° c) Carbon dioxide (ppmv) Temperature Change through time Compares to the present temperature Current Level Atmospheric Carbon Dioxide Concentration and Temperature change Current Level 2100 CO2 Concentration in the atmosphere (Antarctic Ice Core) If nothing is done to slow greenhouse gas emissions... CO 2 concentrations will likely be more than 700 ppm by 2100 Global average temperatures projected to rise at 2.5 - 10.4 degrees If nothing is done to slow greenhouse gas emissions... CO 2 concentrations will likely be more than 700 ppm by 2100 Global average temperatures projected to rise at 2.5 - 10.4 dchange (° c) Carbon dioxide (ppmv) Temperature Change through time Compares to the present temperature Current Level Atmospheric Carbon Dioxide Concentration and Temperature change Current Level 2100 CO2 Concentration in the atmosphere (Antarctic Ice Core) If nothing is done to slow greenhouse gas emissions... CO 2 concentrations will likely be more than 700 ppm by 2100 Global average temperatures projected to rise at 2.5 - 10.4 degrees If nothing is done to slow greenhouse gas emissions... CO 2 concentrations will likely be more than 700 ppm by 2100 Global average temperatures projected to rise at 2.5 - 10.4 dChange through time Compares to the present temperature Current Level Atmospheric Carbon Dioxide Concentration and Temperature change Current Level 2100 CO2 Concentration in the atmosphere (Antarctic Ice Core) If nothing is done to slow greenhouse gas emissions... CO 2 concentrations will likely be more than 700 ppm by 2100 Global average temperatures projected to rise at 2.5 - 10.4 degrees If nothing is done to slow greenhouse gas emissions... CO 2 concentrations will likely be more than 700 ppm by 2100 Global average temperatures projected to rise at 2.5 - 10.4 dchange Current Level 2100 CO2 Concentration in the atmosphere (Antarctic Ice Core) If nothing is done to slow greenhouse gas emissions... CO 2 concentrations will likely be more than 700 ppm by 2100 Global average temperatures projected to rise at 2.5 - 10.4 degrees If nothing is done to slow greenhouse gas emissions... CO 2 concentrations will likely be more than 700 ppm by 2100 Global average temperatures projected to rise at 2.5 - 10.4 degrees

The project is one of nine groundbreaking climate change initiatives selected and funded by the NRCS's 2011 Conservation Innovation Grant (CIG) program, and is focused on greenhouse gas (GHG) mitigation for one of the least protected and most imperiled ecosystems in the world.

By contrast, projecting the likely average state of the climate (e.g., the change in typical wintertime temperature) ahead to 2040 depends most on external factors such as the concentrations of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere, which in turn depends mainly on how society chooses to derive energy.

Changes in atmospheric composition and chemistry over the past century have affected, and those projected into the future will affect, the lifetimes of many greenhouse gases and thus alter the climate forcing of anthropogenic emissions:

Presenting such alternative figures confuses and undermines the public understanding of the actual science, which is an understanding about the driving mechanisms of sea level rise: thermal expansion of ocean water, melting of mountain glaciers and complex dynamics of large ice sheets — in correspondence again with projected temperature rise, that is in turn a product of projected rises of greenhouse gas concentrations using calculated estimates of climate sensitivity, together creating a net disturbance in Earth's energy balance, the very root cause of anthropogenic climate change.

These moist enthalpy - related studies confirm previous results showing that changes in vegetation cover, surface moisture and energy fluxes generally lead to significant climatic changes (e.g. 41 - 43) and responses which can be of a similar magnitude to that projected for future greenhouse gas concentrations (44, 45).

Although projected increases in greenhouse gas concentrations caused by fossil fuel combustion are expected to dominate 21st century climate change, some studies suggest that anthropogenic land use may yet be at least as important and may remain so in the near future (8).

Traditionally, climate - model projections have only accounted for external forcings, such as man - made greenhouse gases, past volcanic eruptions and projected changes in solar output.

This activity report presents how GEF helps developing countries undertake «win - win» projects to mitigate the effects of climate change by reducing concentrations of greenhouse gases (GHGs) in the atmosphere.

Welcomes the agreement achieved by the Ad Hoc Working Group on Further Commitments for Annex I Parties under the Kyoto Protocol on its work pursuant to decisions 1 / CMP.1, 1 / CMP.5 and 1 / CMP.6 in the areas of land use, land - use change and forestry (decision - / CMP.7), emissions trading and the project - based mechanisms (decision - / CMP.7), greenhouse gases, sectors and source categories, common metrics to calculate the carbon dioxide equivalence of anthropogenic emissions by sources and removals by sinks, and other methodological issues (decision - / CMP.7) and the consideration of information on potential environmental, economic and social consequences, including spillover effects, of tools, policies, measures and methodologies available to Annex I Parties (decision - / CMP.7);

The GEM project has five main themes: - ClimateBasis: records meteorology and hydrology parameters - BioBasis: monitors plant and animal populations and interactions - GeoBasis: measures greenhouse gases from the tundra and collects geological data - GlacioBasis: monitors the three glaciers in Greenland - MarineBasis: records physical, chemical, and biological changes in the sea

In no place will this internal inconsistency be more obvious than in how the IPCC deals with the discrepancy between the observed effectiveness of greenhouse gases in warming the earth and this effectiveness calculated by the climate models that the IPCC uses to project future climate changIn no place will this internal inconsistency be more obvious than in how the IPCC deals with the discrepancy between the observed effectiveness of greenhouse gases in warming the earth and this effectiveness calculated by the climate models that the IPCC uses to project future climate changin how the IPCC deals with the discrepancy between the observed effectiveness of greenhouse gases in warming the earth and this effectiveness calculated by the climate models that the IPCC uses to project future climate changin warming the earth and this effectiveness calculated by the climate models that the IPCC uses to project future climate change.

In its 2007 Climate Change Synthesis Report, the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), which shared that year's Nobel Peace Prize with Al Gore, projected temperature increases in the 21st Century of from 2 to 6 °C (4 to 11 °F) if no action is taken beyond what little has already been taken to mitigate greenhouse gas emissionIn its 2007 Climate Change Synthesis Report, the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), which shared that year's Nobel Peace Prize with Al Gore, projected temperature increases in the 21st Century of from 2 to 6 °C (4 to 11 °F) if no action is taken beyond what little has already been taken to mitigate greenhouse gas emissionin the 21st Century of from 2 to 6 °C (4 to 11 °F) if no action is taken beyond what little has already been taken to mitigate greenhouse gas emissions.

Temperatures in the Atlantic region are projected to increase despite such changes due to the much larger warming associated with projected increases of greenhouse gases.