Sentences with phrase «promoter regions»

Methylation profiles covering the promoter regions of 20 000 genes and 400 microRNAs were generated using MeDIP followed by hybridization to microarrays.

Mesh terms: Aggression Analysis of Variance Animals Behavior, Animal Genetic Variation Macaca mulatta Male Maternal Deprivation Monoamine Oxidase Polymorphism, Genetic Promoter Regions, Genetic Random Allocation Social Environment

Epigenetic modifications of promoter regions that influence the transcription of genes coding for crucial protein products can be induced by the environment.

We identified a conserved sequence, CCCGCG, within this deletion by comparing the promoter regions of the dog, cow and horse Cox - 2 genes.

,» Steven Zeisel from the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill noted that choline and betaine work together in the cellular process of methylation, which is not only responsible for the removal of homocysteine, but is involved in turning off the promoter regions of genes involved in inflammation.

Furthermore, chromatin contact maps that link enhancers to promoter regions in a direct way allow identification of genes that can be regulated by the disease variants.

Intriguingly, the single - base deletion mutants consistently showed the greatest reduction of transcription, suggesting, perhaps, that indels in promoter regions are likely to be functional variants.

In mouse embryo fibroblasts (MEFs)[2], as well as in the PCa cell lines [unpublished data], DAXX represses expression of these genes via mechanisms that include its binding to DNA methyl transferases (DNMTases) and hypermethylation of the promoter regions of the corresponding genes [2].

Methylation sites showing inverse relationships with expression were over-represented in promoter regions, whereas methylation sites showing positive relationships with expression were over-represented in gene bodies and 3 ′ UTRs (Fig. 3G and H), which is in agreement with the current literature (39).

PULLMAN — Researchers at Washington State University have identified a new class of DNA sequence variation in gene promoter regions that could help control the activity of genes.The novel variations, dubbed «multiple nucleotide length polymorphisms,» or MNLPs, altered transcription of the genes they were associated with as much as 11-fold.

We study several transcription factors and their complexes with other proteins and DNA promoter regions.

The binding of transcription factors to promoter regions is an important mechanism by which expression is regulated.

We searched for over-representation of DNA binding motifs in promoter regions of the 197 differentially expressed genes presented in Supplementary Table 3 using Pscan (28) and the JASPAR database (29).

The MNLPs were discovered within the promoter regions of two genes that belong to the CRH, or corticotropin - releasing hormone family of peptides.

A subset of the epigenomes were therefore profiled for H3K27ac and H3K9ac, which mark increased activation of enhancer and promoter regions.

Interestingly, the results of our promoter analysis for all these genes revealed that 9 of 17 genes (COL13A1, CSF3, FSCN1, HG18, LTBP1, PELI1, PLOD2, SCNN1A, and TNFSF10) have perfectly matched consensus sequences of KLF4 binding site on the promoter regions, suggesting a potential possibility of controlling these genes by KLF4 although it is not clear whether these genes are cause or consequence of brain metastasis at this point.

These sequences in our DNA are often situated far away from the actual genes they regulate, in comparison to so called promoter regions, which traditionally have been considered to control most of the gene activity.

Instead, the differences appear to be in the promoter regions for these genes, an area of DNA close to the gene that helps control whether it ultimately used to make protein.

«We found that the Tcl1 gene was upregulated by KLF4 binding to its enhancer and promoter regions,» study co-first author Ken Nishimura says.

The researchers found that MYC may affect circadian rhythm and metabolism by promiscuously binding to promoter regions in key genes for maintaining these daily cycles.

Maybe if virus - related cancers have methylated DNA promoter regions of immune - related genes, the answer to increasing the effectiveness of immune - based therapies against cancer is to demethylate these genes.

Think of these promoter regions like on - off switches for next - door genes — when a promoter region is methylated, the switch is turned off and the gene it controls does not get read and expressed.

«You don't want to just turn down methylation globally, which would result in over-activation of all genes in the cell, but demethylating some of these gene promoter regions selectively could revive an immune system muted by cancer - causing viruses,» Kuss - Duerkop says.

In this case, viruses cause methylation of parts of the genome known as DNA promoter regions.

Dwarki and Jaime Escobedo improved the AAV's ability to insert genes into chromosomes by adding a gene promoter region from cytomegalovirus, known to be active in the target for their gene therapy, muscle cells.

This molecular complex then binds to the promoter region of a gene called Bmi1, an event that increases the expression of the gene.

«Using this system, we can visualize the expression of a fluorescent protein and monitor the transcriptional activity from the E-cadherin promoter region as fluorescent intensity, allowing the screening of EMT - suppressive miRNAs.»

The new findings should encourage researchers to look for molecules that either block the sticky ends from attaching or block the protein from binding to the promoter region, says Gamarnik.

A functional polymorphism in the promoter region of the human serotonin transporter gene (SLC6A4) has been associated with several dimensions of neuroticism and psychopathology, especially anxiety traits, but the predictive value of this genotype against these complex behaviors has been inconsistent.

In particular, they examined different forms of the promoter region of the vasopressin V1a receptor gene (AVPRIA), known as DupA and DupB.

They then asked why biglycan expression was increased in the endothelial cells, and found that the promoter region of the gene was de-methylated, meaning the gene was switched on.

In both cases, the scientists didn't touch the promoter region, which controls how much protein is made.

When a given gene needs to be transcribed to create new proteins, its promoter region must be unwrapped from the nucleosome so that it can be accessed by the factors involved in initiating the transcription process.

Comparative analysis of length polymorphisms in the promoter region of the serotonin transporter gene (SLC6A4) in Cercopithecidae [abstract].

For example, a particular gene variant in the promoter region of the IL10 gene is associated with a 40 to 60 % increased risk of developing active tuberculosis among Europeans and Americans [75].

During inflammation reduced levels of NAD + do not impaired the hyperacetylation of NF - κB which in turn through promoter region of target genes activate pro-inflammatory pathway and senescence.

In fact, it was found an association of SIRT6 in some promoter region of NF - kB targeted gene after TNF - alpha stimulation 34.

While SIRT1 and 2 inhibit NF - kB through posttranslational modification, SIRT6 neutralizes it by decreasing the accessibility of p65 subunit on promoter region of NF - kB target genes 32.

To construct the p21waf1 / cip1 internal promoter region (nucleotide − 127 to − 63) deleted reporter plasmid (− 2,325 / +8) Δ (− 127 / − 63) p21 - Luc, the p21 - Luc construct was digested with ApaI, blunted, and then self - ligated.

Moreover, in this work, the DDX3 - responsive region is delineated to 60 bp (between − 123 and − 63) of the p21waf1 / cip1 proximal promoter region (see Fig. 3B), and the integrity of multiple tandem Sp1 sites in this region is required for the activation induced by DDX3 (see Fig. 3C).

Nucleotide substitutions introduced into the regulatory elements of p21waf1 / cip1 promoter region in mutant constructs are shown in boldface and underlined.

As far as results go, Dr. Shendure showed a histogram: on the X-axis was each base of the core promoter region that they evaluated, and on the Y - axis, the effect of mutating that position on transcription.

Primers specific for the hygromycin resistance gene were used alongside control primers to sites in the Hex promoter region.

Identification of a novel sequence element in the common promoter region of human collagen type IV genes, involved in the regulation of divergent transcription

Single nucleotide polymorphism -LRB--468 Gly to A) at the promoter region of SREBP - 1c associates with genetic defect of fructose - induced hepatic lipogenesis [corrected].

Important features of XMRV biology include (1) tropism for a variety of cell lines, including prostate cancer DU145 and LNCaP cells [27], [43], [48], and human neural cell types [57], (2) adaptations that promote growth in prostate epithelium and human - derived prostate cancer cell lines including an androgen response element in the promoter region [58] and downregulation of APOBEC3G [59], and (3) cellular effects with potential oncogenic properties including increased tumor aggressiveness mediated by downregulation of p27 [60] and differential regulation of several microRNAs [61].

Second, the TERT promoter region was evaluated.

The TERT promoter region was not included in the multiplex PCR because of its high GC content.

The present study suggests that this risk for depression is moderated by social supports and polymorphic variation of the VNTR in the promoter region of the serotonin transporter gene (5 - HTTLPR).

However, researchers at the University of California — Berkeley wanted to find out if there might a genetic component that could predict how couple interactions affect marital satisfaction.5 Specifically, the team decided to look at the 5 - HTTLPR polymorphism in the promoter region of the serotonin transporter gene.