Sentences with phrase «proportion of family income»

An interesting and policy - relevant question about the demand curve is the proportion of family income that families are willing and able to spend on center - based care.

Using the midpoint of the separate ranges of family income depicted in the graphs, the following graph represents the proportion of family income spent on center - based care for one child conditional on level of family income.

The fact that men's earnings are generally a higher proportion of the family income than women's can limit the time men are able to spend with their children.

Not exact matches

Between 1973 and 1985, the proportion of American families with incomes between $ 20,000 and $ 50,000 dropped 5 percent.

Of course, a few straight - forward deductions / credits, such as the child tax credit could remain, particularly because by it's very nature it's going to benefit the rich less (ie: the number of children in a family do not go up in proportion to the amount of incomOf course, a few straight - forward deductions / credits, such as the child tax credit could remain, particularly because by it's very nature it's going to benefit the rich less (ie: the number of children in a family do not go up in proportion to the amount of incomof children in a family do not go up in proportion to the amount of incomof income)

Despite serving a substantially greater proportion of students from low - income families and minorities than district schools, a higher percentage of CMU schools (86 percent) made AYP in 2010 - 11 than did public schools statewide (79 percent).

Almost 72 percent of BPS students come from low - income families, virtually the same proportion as in the charter sector.

We demonstrated that a regression - based statistical correction for the proportion of the students in each teacher's class that are English - language learners, have education disabilities, are from low - income families, and so forth, wrings most of the bias out of classroom observations.

In order to see students from diverse backgrounds succeed in their science education, LPS works primarily with schools that have a high - proportion of students from low - income families.

A final option, and potentially the most expensive, would be for a state to match a tax benefit to the amount a family saves, either in cash terms or as a proportion of household income.

While funds are allocated among eligible schools in proportion to their number of students from low - income families, the size of the grant per student from a low - income family need not be the same for all eligible schools.

Determination of the aggregate number of students from low - income families enrolled in individual schools, as well as the identification of individual students from low - income families, are important elements of Title I. Concentrations of students from low - income families are used as a proxy for identifying schools with large proportions of students with low achievement levels, and Title I funds are targeted on these schools.

The trend of increasing racial and economic segregation is a nationwide trend — not just in Alabama and other Southern states.55 The South, however, was the only region in the country to see a net increase in private school enrollment between 1960 and 2000, and where private school enrollment is higher, support for spending in public schools tends to be lower.56 A growing body of rigorous research shows that money absolutely matters for public schools, especially for the students from low - income families who attend them.57 What's more, private schools in the South tend to have the largest overrepresentation of white students.58 In fact, research has shown that the strongest predictor of white private school enrollment is the proportion of black students in the local public schools.59

The government is consulting on proposals for new grammar schools, including asking what proportion of children from lower income families they should admit.

TRP teachers who moved to different schools in the same district tended to join ones where a similar proportion of students were from low - income families, a lower percentage were black, and achievement was higher.

About 9 percent of students are chronically absent — missing 18 or more days a year — and the proportion is much higher among children from low - income families.

The report evaluated the 50 U.S. states on four fairness measures: per - pupil funding levels; funding distribution (whether a state provides more or less funding to schools on the basis of their poverty concentration); effort (differences in state spending relative to the state's fiscal capacity); and coverage (the proportion of children in public schools and the income ratio of private and public school families).

A far smaller proportion of children from lower - income families attend the county's grammars than non-selective schools, according to figures.

Work with the city of Aurora, Colorado and community partners to establish high - quality literacy - based full day Early Childhood programs and full day Kindergarten in all APS schools, especially those with high proportions of low - income families.

We can not significantly increase the nation's high school graduation rate unless and until we increase dramatically the number and proportion of children from low - income families who are reading on grade level by the end of third grade.

However, parent and families» decisions about schools happen in the context of State over-investment and policy in favor of public school choice programs and under - investment in other public schools with high proportions of low income and Black, Puerto Rican, and Latino children.

It is believed the new schools will be required to set aside a defined proportion of places to children from low - income families to tackle evidence showing that poorer pupils fare worse in areas with selective schools.

On average, low - income students pay more than three - quarters of their annual family income out - of - pocket to attend a four - year, public or private nonprofit institution — nearly five times the proportion of wealthier families, according to a new report by the nonprofit Education Trust.

However, the cost of higher education may impose a greater burden on those families as a proportion of their income.

In one interesting Ontario case recently, the court found that private school tuition was a reasonable and necessary expense for the two children of separated parents, despite the fact that it represented a «huge proportion» of the post-tax income for the family.

On appeal, King J did not accept that the judge had treated the case as a «sharing» case, as opposed to a «needs» case and confirmed that the district judge had regarded the husband's bonus as part of the maintenance award: «What the district judge was saying... was that historically the standard of living of this family... was dependant on H's bonus... Had the proportions been different, (more income less bonus), he would have made the basic maintenance award higher.

The equivalence scale used in the current study is the European Union scale (a modification of the OECD equivalence scale) where the first adult is given a weight of 1, subsequent adults are given a weight of 0.5 and each child < 14 years of age is given the weight 0.3.40 From this measure of family income, we calculated the proportion of adolescents in relative poverty, defined as having an equivalised household income < 60 % of the equivalised national median income for that particular year (eg, to calculate relative poverty proportions for 2004, we used the median income for 2004).

Within the no - disorder group, preschoolers who were white, had parents who were married, had higher family income and parental education levels, had a higher proportion of family members with a history of affective disorders, and had fewer stressful life events were less likely to drop out (P <.05 for all).

Indeed, families acted to maintain their standard of living in the face of stagnant and falling wages, earnings, and incomes during the 1970s and 1980s by having fewer children and sending both parents into the workforce, a strategy that undoubtedly has increased the stress on low - income two - parent families (Levy, 1988), and that contributed to the rise in out - of - wedlock births as a proportion of all births.

But America has higher proportions of poor and low - income children than other developed nations, and poverty explains more differences in parenting practices than family structure.

In light of this, the current study examines the prevalence of trauma experiences and traumatic stress in middle school students from a large urban school district serving a high proportion of diverse immigrant and low - income families.

In making an equitable apportionment of marital property, the family court must give weight in such proportion as it finds appropriate to all of the following factors: (1) the duration of the marriage along with the ages of the parties at the time of the marriage and at the time of the divorce; (2) marital misconduct or fault of either or both parties, if the misconduct affects or has affected the economic circumstances of the parties or contributed to the breakup of the marriage; (3) the value of the marital property and the contribution of each spouse to the acquisition, preservation, depreciation, or appreciation in value of the marital property, including the contribution of the spouse as homemaker; (4) the income of each spouse, the earning potential of each spouse, and the opportunity for future acquisition of capital assets; (5) the health, both physical and emotional, of each spouse; (6) either spouse's need for additional training or education in order to achieve that spouse's income potential; (7) the non marital property of each spouse; (8) the existence or nonexistence of vested retirement benefits for each or either spouse; (9) whether separate maintenance or alimony has been awarded; (10) the desirability of awarding the family home as part of equitable distribution or the right to live therein for reasonable periods to the spouse having custody of any children; (11) the tax consequences to each or either party as a result of equitable apportionment; (12) the existence and extent of any prior support obligations; (13) liens and any other encumbrances upon the marital property and any other existing debts; (14) child custody arrangements and obligations at the time of the entry of the order; and (15) such other relevant factors as the trial court shall expressly enumerate in its order.

In Northern Territory communities, it has been estimated that up to 36 % of the family income is needed to purchase food, 14 which is at least double the proportion required by non-Indigenous Australians.15 One of the proposed «Close the Gap» equity targets was that, by 2018, 90 % of Indigenous families could access a healthy food basket for under 25 % of their income.16 However, nutrition issues were not included in the final National Indigenous Reform Agreement of the Council of Australian Governments.

These include: school quality, housing costs, crime rates, income levels, the age, size and style of homes, the density of buildings, rental areas versus owner occupied, the proportion of families with children, educational attainment, languages spoken, types of careers of those living in the neighborhood, economic trends, demographic trends, crime trends and forecasts, crime risk by crime type, home price appreciation and HPA forecasts, unemployment trends, and many, many more.

The Effect of Housing Affordability on Families «The gravity of the situation for the large proportion of renters spending so much of their incomes on housing is plain,» said Eric Belsky, Managing Director of the Joint Center for Housing Studies at Harvard, which publishes its report on the state of rental housing in the U.S. every other year.