Sentences with phrase «protein in human cells»

While working with Jung at Harvard, she identified a novel molecular mechanism through which a protein in human cells called RIG - I mediates defense against viruses.

PLUMP PARTICLES Fats lurking in house dust can activate a protein in human cells that researchers think plays a key role in obesity.

«By identifying this major regulator of noncoding editing in C. elegans we can now focus on dissecting the regulatory mechanism and determining the conservation of this regulatory protein in human cells.»

This work raises the possibility that histones can signal to non-histone proteins in human cells, and that deregulation of these events caused by MLL mutations might contribute to leukemia development.

[PRESS RELEASE 2017-05-05] A new study in Science from Karolinska Institutet maps out how different DNA - binding proteins in human cells react to certain biochemical modifications of the DNA molecule.

Not exact matches

But in the lab, when the scientists manipulated human cells to be able to create the water bear shielding protein — called Dsup — they showed about half the DNA damage as normal cells.

For example, instead of using the protein scissors to cut a virus, they can be used to cut out DNA in a human cell and replace it with DNA of the scientist's choosing.

Humans have roughly 20,000 to 25,000 genes, which encode proteins that perform vital jobs in our cells.

Capsaicin only inflames human cells because heat - detecting proteins in our nerve endings called TRPV1 receptors become activated in the chemical's presence, mistakenly interpreting capsaicin as a sign of extreme heat, and sending the body's burn defenses into overdrive.

Because the human cells had been genetically engineered to express green fluorescent protein, the tiny blobs showed up in brilliant lime through the transparent window that the scientists glued into the mice's skull.

Then a team of Chinese researchers used that base editor to correct a mutation in human embryos that causes the blood disorder beta - thalassemia, reported September 23 in Protein & Cell (SN: 11/25/17, p. 7).

Sharon joined Anglister's lab for her master's project and Ph.D., studying the three - dimensional structure of a region in the HIV - 1 protein envelope that helps the virus enter human cells.

Hematopoietic stem cells, that form mature blood cells, require a very precise amount of protein to function — and defective regulation of protein production is common in certain types of aggressive human blood cancers.

Other researchers have tried changing cell behavior by creating protein switches from scratch, but Lim's approach — mixing and matching naturally existing proteins — may be more versatile and practical: «It can be useful as a biotechnology device or for repairing cells in humans.

Endocytosis of Frizzled 4 (Fz4) in human embryonic kidney 293 cells was dependent on added Wnt5A protein and was accomplished by the multifunctional adaptor protein β - arrestin 2 (βarr2), which was recruited to Fz4 by binding to phosphorylated Dvl2.

In humans, Huntington's is an inherited disease caused by a gene encoding a toxic protein, called mutant huntingtin, which causes brain cells to die.

Strategies that boost the cell's quality control programs, rather than disarm specific pathologic proteins, have looked promising in lab animals that serve as models for human neurodegenerative disorders including Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, Huntington's, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and frontotemporal dementia.

Using human fetal «mini-brains» grown in 3 - D cultures, scientists determined that a specific protein produced by the Zika virus changes the properties of neural stem cells in the developing brain of an infected fetus, potentially causing microcephaly in newborns (Ki - Jun Yoon, abstract 103.06, see attached summary).

But the London researchers have shown a few small changes in the shape of a surface protein were all it took to enable the bird version of Spanish flu to bind onto human cells.

In experiments on zebrafish, Freiburg researchers have demonstrated that the same proteins that lead to the formation of metastases in humans also cause the cells to migrate during embryonic developmenIn experiments on zebrafish, Freiburg researchers have demonstrated that the same proteins that lead to the formation of metastases in humans also cause the cells to migrate during embryonic developmenin humans also cause the cells to migrate during embryonic development.

There are hundreds of RNA - binding proteins in the human genome that together regulate the processing, turnover and localization of the many thousands of RNA molecules expressed in cells.

But Welte speculates that when internal temperatures do fluctuate in humans, as in the case of fevers, our cells may also need a way to coordinate the protein - building process.

Goats as Drug Factories Initially, GTC generated transgenic goats by microinjecting into the developing nucleus of a one - cell embryo a gene encoding the desired human protein (along with DNA that promotes activation of that gene in milk).

«Artemisinin causes damage to the proteins in the malaria parasite that kill the human cell, but the parasite has developed a way to deal with that damage.

Human immunodeficiency virus - type 1 (HIV - 1) replicates actively in infected individuals, yet cells with intracellular depots of viral protein are observed only infrequently.

By analyzing chemical changes of the IRS - 2 protein in immortalized cultures of human white blood cells, it determined that IRS - 2 appeared in two different forms — «on,» which allows the signal to pass through, and «off,» which stops the signal from activating the cells into M2 macrophages.

Professor Ali Tavassoli, who led the study with colleague Dr. Ishna Mistry, explains: «In an effort to better understand the role of HIF - 1 in cancer, and to demonstrate the potential for inhibiting this protein in cancer therapy, we engineered a human cell line with an additional genetic circuit that produces the HIF - 1 inhibiting molecule when placed in a hypoxic environmenIn an effort to better understand the role of HIF - 1 in cancer, and to demonstrate the potential for inhibiting this protein in cancer therapy, we engineered a human cell line with an additional genetic circuit that produces the HIF - 1 inhibiting molecule when placed in a hypoxic environmenin cancer, and to demonstrate the potential for inhibiting this protein in cancer therapy, we engineered a human cell line with an additional genetic circuit that produces the HIF - 1 inhibiting molecule when placed in a hypoxic environmenin cancer therapy, we engineered a human cell line with an additional genetic circuit that produces the HIF - 1 inhibiting molecule when placed in a hypoxic environmenin a hypoxic environment.

The researchers observed the effect of the synthetically produced molecule, JK - 31, on the growth and proliferation of a model human breast cancer cell line and found that it effectively blocked the protein cyclin - dependent kinase 1 (CDK1), which plays a key part in the process of the division of cancer cells, and therefore inhibited the proliferation of the cells.

In the human body cells turn genes on and off by means of chemical modifications that change DNA and related proteins.

Lambs produced from the genetically manipulated cells produce foreign proteins; such animals may be able to manufacture large quantities of medically valuable human proteins in their milk.

Meanwhile, a protein commonly found in the blood of young mice (and humans) may hold the key to rejuvenating brain cells.

Scientists have a better way to study human proteins — large molecules that are part of every cell in the body — thanks to a new technology developed by University of Toronto researchers.

«Most previous research into ways of delaying the onset of HD symptoms have focused on studying the mutant protein in cells or in animal models, but the relevance of abnormalities in those systems to what actually happens in patients remains a huge assumption,» says James Gusella, PhD, director of the Center for Human Genetic Research (CHGR) at Massachusetts General Hospital (MGH), corresponding author of the Cell paper.

Now, scientists have a provocative new theory that might explain in part this universal human decline: Dying cells secrete a protein that could trigger others to die as well, accelerating the body's deterioration.

«This technology gives us a new tool to examine membrane proteins in their natural environment of the human cell,» said Igor Stagljar, a Professor in the Donnelly Centre for Cellular and Biomolecular Research.

Their major hurdle: to come up with a replacement for hemoglobin (an iron - enriched protein in red blood cells that transports oxygen from the lungs to the rest of the body) that can be directly introduced into the human circulatory system.

Follow - up tests in human cell cultures confirmed that MIR168a interferes with production of a cholesterol - clearing protein.

The result, published January 5 in Science Immunology, suggests that the protein, a receptor involved in immune cell signaling, plays a role in spontaneous abortions and other human pregnancy complications.

«In our human airway epithelial model system, one of the drugs destabilizes and deactivates the protein that the other drug tries to correct,» said Martina Gentzsch, PhD, an assistant professor of cell biology and physiology and senior author of the UNC Science Translational Medicine paper.

SIX3 and a related gene, SIX2, with a similar pattern of expression in human beta cells, encode proteins known as transcription factors that control the expression of many other genes in the cell.

First, the destabilizing effects of VX - 770 on the corrected CFTR protein might be less robust in the human body than were the effects seen in lab tests using human lung cells.

In all, scientists estimate that the human body contains about 100,000 different proteins, each the result of millions of years of evolutionary shuffling, culminating in a precise lineup of pleats, coils, and furrows required to carry out a specific job in the celIn all, scientists estimate that the human body contains about 100,000 different proteins, each the result of millions of years of evolutionary shuffling, culminating in a precise lineup of pleats, coils, and furrows required to carry out a specific job in the celin a precise lineup of pleats, coils, and furrows required to carry out a specific job in the celin the cell.

Working with human breast cancer cells and mouse models of breast cancer, scientists identified a new protein that plays a key role in reprogramming cancer cells to migrate and invade other organs.

With more than 800 members in the human genome, GPCRs are the largest family of proteins involved in decoding signals as they come into the cell and then adapt the cell's function in response.

In the past decade, scientists have watched protein and RNA molecules condensing into droplets, or membrane - free condensates, in many kinds of cells, from bacterial to humaIn the past decade, scientists have watched protein and RNA molecules condensing into droplets, or membrane - free condensates, in many kinds of cells, from bacterial to humain many kinds of cells, from bacterial to human.

Prof Robin Lovell Badge, Crick Institute, on the science: «The experiments reported by Junjiu Huang and colleagues (Liang et al) in the journal Protein Cell on gene editing in abnormally fertilised human embryos are, I expect, the first of several that we will see this year.

The DNA in human cells is translated into a multitude of proteins required for a cell to function.

Specifically, the study — reported online in The Journal of Infectious Diseases — shows that E. coli K1 modulates the protein peroxisome proliferator - activated receptor - gamma (PPAR - γ) and glucose transporter - 1 (GLUT - 1) levels at the blood - brain barrier in human brain microvascular endothelial cells.

The researchers, who report their work in the 26 October issue of Molecular Cell, hope to soon create an altered version of the protein that will work in humans.

Losing a genetic switch that increases production of a protein called GDF6 may have created the big toe and helped shape the human foot for bipedalism, scientists propose in a paper published online January 7 in Cell.