Sentences with phrase «protein synthesis pathways»

The protein synthesis pathways tone themselves down while the protein degradation pathways become active.

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In recent years it was also observed that it can function as a metabolic «signaler» that inhibits a biological pathway found in almost all higher life forms — the ability to sense when food has been eaten, energy is available and it's okay for cell proliferation, protein synthesis and growth to proceed.

In this pathway, dopamine - and an adenosine 3 ′, 5 ′ - monophosphate (cAMP)-- regulated phospho - protein of 32 kilodaltons (DARPP - 32) is phosphorylated or dephosphorylated at three sites, in a pattern predicted to cause a synergistic inhibition of protein phosphatase — 1 and concomitant regulation of its downstream effector proteins glycogen synthesis kinase — 3 (GSK - 3), cAMP response element — binding protein (CREB), and c - Fos.

Small molecule drugs were used to inhibit the function of a cellular pathway associated with protein synthesis.

This down - regulation was achieved by a heterologous, protein synthesis - dependent activation of the endosomal pathway, which leads to internalization and apparent degradation of apCAM.

This causes eIF4E to instead bind to CYFIP1, which reduces protein synthesis as well as a pathway that regulates actin dynamics.

Further studies carried out by Tonegawa's group demonstrated that memories are stored not in synapses strengthened by protein synthesis in individual engram cells, but in a circuit, or «pathway» of multiple groups of engram cells and the connections between them.

Our studies on convertase - mediated opioid peptide synthesis are relevant to the control of pain pathways, while our work on two secretory chaperones (first identified through their potent blockade of convertase aggregation) is of potential interest to patients with Alzheimer's and many other neurodegenerative diseases involving protein aggregation.

Cellular Studies (CEL): The study of animal cells involving the use of microscopy to study cell structure and studies investigating activity within cells such as enzyme pathways, cellular biochemistry, and synthesis pathways for DNA, RNA, and protein.

A number of downregulated pathways in the regular meditator group versus the other groups defined the meditation effect, including regulation of protein synthesis and trafficking, viral expression and viral infectious cycle.

p70S6K, a key element of mTOR pathway, promotes cell growth by inducing protein synthesis and cell survival by phosphorylating (inactivating) the proapoptotic protein BAD (31, 32).

Additional «- omics» data streams include: transcriptomics, the pattern of RNA synthesis from DNA; proteomics, the distribution of proteins in cells; interactomics, the patterns of protein - protein and protein — nucleic acid interactions; and metabolomics, the nature and traffic patterns of transformations of small molecules by the biochemical pathways active in cells.

Then, the activity of anabolic pathways was measured through muscle biopsies, while the rates of protein synthesis were assessed with the help of infusion of radiolabeled phenylalanine.

The results showed that the five - minute rest group had a much greater rate of muscle protein synthesis in the first four hours after training, while a certain level of anabolic pathways reduction was determined in the one - minute rest group.

This amino acid in particular is regularly used by most bodybuilders looking to perfect their muscle size gains because of its ability to activate the mTOR pathway, one of the two major proteins that drive muscle protein synthesis.

This pathway is one of the most important signalling mechanism in the body for protein synthesis and cell growth.

This pathway induces leucine - mediated protein synthesis.

BetaTOR works by increasing protein synthesis through multiple mechanisms, including the mTOR pathway, and decreases protein breakdown.

\ u003cbr \ u003e \ u003cbr \ u003e \ u003cstrong \ u003eGaspari Nutrition SizeOn ¨ Max Performance Benefits: \ u003c\ / strong \ u003e \ u003c\ / p \ u003e \ n \ u003cul \ u003e \ n \ u003cli \ u003eSpeeds up Protein Synthesis \ u0026amp; Muscle Force Recovery \ u003c\ / li \ u003e \ n \ u003cli \ u003eHeightened Muscle Volume, Muscle Fiber Size, Cell Volume \ u0026amp; Plasma Amino Acid Levels \ u003c\ / li \ u003e \ n \ u003cli \ u003eIntensifies S6K1 and 4E - BP1 Signaling and Hypertrophic mTOR Pathway Conduction \ u003c\ / li \ u003e \ n \ u003cli \ u003eInitiates \ u0026amp; Maintains Myogenesis and Muscle Recovery While You Are Still Training \ u003c\ / li \ u003e \ n \ u003cli \ u003eTransports Vital Nutrients, Essential Minerals, and Growth Co-factors To Skeletal Muscle Tissue.

Leucine is the catalyst in signaling the mTOR pathway which activates protein synthesis.

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are not universally bad, and one of their important functions is to signal the body to increase protein synthesis as part of the mTOR pathway.

Although insulin will help to shuttle amino acids into cells, the availability of leucine is shown to be far more important in regulating pathways of protein synthesis [vii].

Insulin is not needed for protein synthesis or to activate the mTOR pathway, that causes cellular growth.

BetaTOR stimulates muscle protein synthesis through multiple mechanisms, including the mTOR pathway, which stimulates initiation of protein synthesis.

BetaTOR is proven to help blunt muscle damage by reducing protein breakdown and increasing protein synthesis through the mTOR pathway.

mTOR is a biochemical pathway that regulates protein synthesis.

When there are enough amino acids around, the mTOR pathway jumpstarts the synthesis of new muscle proteins, especially after a resistance workout.

This means particular amino acids not only serve as substrates for protein synthesis but are also modulators of the process as well.2 This has been found to be especially true of the amino acid leucine and it's regulation of the mTOR pathway.

While it is true that amino acids were long considered simply substrates for protein synthesis, they have more recently shown to also act as modulators of intracellular signal transduction pathways that are typically associated with growth - promoting hormones such as insulin and IGF - 1.

Signaling pathways and molecular mechanisms through which branched - chain amino acids mediate translational control of protein synthesis.

For example, because long - term use of marijuana downregulates the expression and responsiveness of the CB1 receptor, in a manner similar to frequent blood sugar swings leading to insulin resistance, some say that THC may impair muscle building by interrupting the mTOR signaling pathway, which is important for protein synthesis.

Does activating the mTOR pathway (like insulin does, among other things) result in greater net protein synthesis?

The results demonstrate that HMB simulates protein synthesis in muscle by multiple mechanisms including the mTOR / p70S6k pathway.

HMB stimulates protein synthesis in muscle by multiple mechanisms, including the mTOR / p70S6k pathway, which stimulates translation initiation of protein synthesis.

Animal and clinical studies indicate that the AR signaling pathway is required for appropriate development of skeletal muscles, since it regulates increases in lean muscle mass, muscle strength, and muscle protein synthesis.

Human studies have demonstrated stimulation of the mTORC1 pathway, increased muscle protein synthesis (29, 60, 61), and decreased whole - body proteolysis after consumption of a leucine - containing food product during exercise (61 — 65).

mTORC1 is the central component of the insulin - signaling cascade [insulin / insulin - like growth factor (IGF)-- phosphatidylinositol 3 - kinase (PI3K) pathway)(Fig. 1) that regulates protein synthesis and mRNA translation through 2 primary mechanisms: 1) inactivation of the repressor of mRNA translation, eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E - binding protein 1 (eIF4E - BP1), and 2) the activation of 70 - kDa ribosomal protein S6 kinase.